Nguva Yemberi Yorudzidziso Pakurangarirwa Kwenguva Yarwo Yakapfuura
Chikamu 22: 1900 kuchipfuurira—Rudzidziso Rwenhema Rwakurirwa Nenguva Yarwo Yakapfuura!
“Chinhu chaicho chenguva yemberi yorudzi chiri munguva yarwo yakapfuura.”—Arthur Bryant, wezvenhau weEngland womuzana ramakore rechi 20
BHAIBHERI rinodana umambo hwenyika hworudzidziso rwenhema kuti Bhabhironi Guru, richihufananidzira norudzi rwekare rweBhabhironi. (Zvakazarurwa 18:2) Chakaitika kuumambo ihwohwo hwekare chinodeya kuzivisa zvichaitika nokuda kwasazita wahwo womuzuva razvino uno. Muusiku humwe chete muna 539 P.N.V., Bhabhironi rakawira kuvaMedhi navaPersia mukutungamirira kwaKoreshi Mukuru. Pashure pokunge atsausa mvura dzoRwizi rweYufratesi, dzaiyerera nomuguta, mauto anodenha akakwanisa kupinda asingaonwi nomugova rorwizi.
Jehovha Mwari noMwanakomana wake, Jesu Kristu, mambo mukuru zvikuru kupinda Koreshi, vachawana rukundo rwakafanana paBhabhironi Guru risina kutendeka. Bhaibheri rinorirondedzera semhombwe huru igere pamusoro pemvura zhinji, kuratidzira tsigiro yarinogamuchira kubva ku“vanhu, vazhinji-zhinji, namarudzi nendimi.” Bva pamberi poruparadziko, iyi tsigiro, kufanana no“rwizi rwukuru rwaYufratesi,” inofanira kuva ino“pwa, kuti nzira [igo]va inogadzirirwa madzimambo kubva pakubuda kwezuva.”—Zvakazarurwa 16:12; 17:1, 15, NW.
Ufakazi hwokuti chinoitika chakadaro chokupwa chiri kuitika nhasi hungava hunokosha kwazvo mukuzivisa rudzidziso rwenhema. Pane ufakazi hupi nohupi here?
Chiono Chakajeka Chinodzimaidzika
Sezvo zana ramakore rechi 20 rakavamba, munhu wetatu ari wose pasi pano akakambira kuva wechiKristu. Chiono chechiKristudhomu chakanga chakajeka. Muna 1900, muparidzi weevhangeri nomuwani womubairo weNobel John R. Mott akaratidzira tariro, achibudisa bhuku rinonzi The Evangelization of the World in This Generation.
Asi “zana ramakore rechi 20,” inobvuma kudaro World Christian Encyclopedia, “rakabvumikisa kuva rakasiana nomutoo unokatyamadza nekariro idzodzi.” Ichitsanangura kuti “hakuna munhu muna 1900 aikarira kubuda kukurusa muchiKristu uko kwakaitika pashure pacho muMadokero eEurope nokuda kwokuda zvenyika, muRussia uye gare gare muMabvazuva eEurope nokuda kwechiKomonizimu, uye munyika dzeAmerica nokuda kwokudisa zvenyika,” inotaura kuti idzodzi namamwe “marudzidziso enhema” akawedzera “kubva mukuvapo kushomanene muna 1900, mwero bedzi we 0,2% wenyika yose, . . . kusvikira kumwero we 20,8% wenyika yose pakuzosvika muna 1980.”
Uku “kubuda kukurusa” kwakasiya machechi okuMadokero eEurope asichitongorina chinhu. Chifo cha 1970 Chechi yeLutheran iri muFederal Republic yeGermany yakarashikirwa neinopfuura 12 muzana yemitezo yayo. Chinopfuura chikamu chimwe chezvitatu chamachechi muNetherlands chakapfigwa, mamwe akachinjirwa kukuva dzimba dzokuchengetera zvinhu, mahotera, makamuri, uye kunyange madhisiko. Uye muBritain inenge chechi iri yose yechisere yeAnglican yaivapo mumakore 30 akapfuura haisati ichikushandiswazve. Hakushamisi kuti mukuru worudzidziso achitaura gore rakapfuura pamusangano wavafundisi navakuru vorudzidziso vePurotesitendi veEurope akanyunyuta kuti “aichimbova ‘Madokero echiKristu’ haachagonizve kuzvidana iwo amene kuti ndeechiKristu. . . . Europe yazova munda woufundisi.”
Zvisinei, chinetso chinopfuura chiKristudhomu uye chinopfuura Europe. Somuenzaniso, kunofungidzirwa kuti munyika yose, chiBuddha chiri kurashikirwa navanhu 900 000 pagore vachienda kukudavira kuti hapana chinozivikanwa nezvaMwari.
Shaiko Yavashandi
“Kuti umutse musha tanga kumutsa vaprista vawo,” chinopangira kudaro chirevo cheJapan. Asika vaprista vakadini? Mumakore gumi pamberi pa 1983, chiverengero chavaprista veKaturike munyika yose chakaderera ne 7 muzana. Uye mumakore 15, manun ne 33 muzana. Panguva ino, chiono chavatsivi chakadzikatidzika. Mumakore ari pasi pe 20, kunyoresa nokuda kwezvikoro zvokudzidzira ufundisi zveKaturike muUnited States zvakaderera zvikuru kubva pa 48 992 kusvikira pa 11 262.
Masangano avaKaturike ari kutamburawo. Pane imwe nguva, Chaunga chaJesu, chakavambwa muParis muna 1534 naIgnatius weLoyola, chakadzora chose chose dzidzo muchiverengero chakati chenyika. Mitezo yacho, inozivikanwa zvikurukuru kuti vaJesuit, yakatungamirira mumubato woufundisi. Asi chifo cha 1965, mitezo yakaderera nechinopfuura chikamu chimwe muzvina.
Kwakaipa zvikuru kuti vashandi vari kuderera; chakatoipisisa ndechokuti vazhinji vavo havachagonizve kuva vanovimbwa navo. Chiverengero chavaprista namanun vanoshora muitiro wechechi unobvumirwa nedare pamusoro poukiti, kudzora kubereka, uye rutivi rworudzidziso rwavakadzi chiri kuwedzera. Ikoku kwakaenzanisirwa muna January 1989 apo vafundisi 163 veKaturike veEurope vakabudisa kutaura kwapamhene—pakuzosvika pana May 1 kwakanga kwasainwa navamwe vanopfuura 500—vachipomera Vatican yezvenheyo dzechiremera nokushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwesimba.
Mamirioni ari muchiKristudhomu ava akafa mumudzimu, vanyajambwa vokudyiswa zvisingavaki mumudzimu. Muendi kuchechi weU.S. akabvuma zvikuru apo iye akanyunyuta, kuti: “Chechi [yava] musika mukuru unogovera zvokudya zvisingavaki zvomudzimu kuvapfuuri. Mharidzo yomufundisi inoti pfuurei ‘chinhu chaicho chevhiki,’ chinogoverwa kuvatengi pamutengo wakaderedzwa womusengwa.”
Chifo cha 1965, mitezo iri mumasangano makuru mashanu avaPurotesitendi muUnited States yakadzikira ne 20 muzana uye kunyoresa Sandisikuru neinopfuura 50 muzana. “Haasati ari masangano egamuchidzanwa bedzi ari kukundikana kuti shoko rawo rinzwisiswe,” inonyora kudaro magazini yeTime, asi “ivo nomutoo unowedzera vari kusava nechokwadi nechiri chaizvoizvo shoko irero.” Hakushamisi, mukurangarira nzara yakadaro yomudzimu, kuti magazini mazhinji echechi akarega kubudiswa. Nechekare pakati pama 1970, rimwe rawo rakati: “Nhambo yamagaziniwo zvawo echechi . . . yapfuura.”
Boka Risingaitiri Hanya Nerisingadavidzi
Muzana ramakore rechi 18, Edmund Burke wezvoruzivo rwokutongwa kwenyika weEngland akaziva kuti “hakuna chinhu chinouraya zvikuru kurudzidziso sokusaitira hanya.” Kudai aiva mupenyu nhasi, aizowana vezvorudzidziso vasingaitiri hanya vakawanda.
Somuenzaniso, apo vakabvunzurudzwa makore akati akapfuura, vane 44 muzana vavaLutheran muUnited States vakataura kuti ivo havati vaizotaura pamusoro pokutenda kwavo kumhuri dzisiri dzechechi kudai vaikumbirwa kuita kudaro nomufundisi wavo. Chiverengero chavavhoti chemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi chakaratidzira kuti vanopfuura zvikamu zvitatu zvezvina zvavaKaturike veU.S. vanorangarira kuti kusabvumirana napapa, kunyange pamusoro penhau dzetsika, hakusati kuchivaita vasingakwanirisi kuva vaKaturike vakanaka.
MuJapan, 79 muzana yechiverengero chavagari vemo vanotaura kuti kuva worudzidziso kunokosha. Asi sezvo, mukuwirirana neReligions of Modern Man, chikamu chimwe bedzi chezvitatu chichikambira chaizvoizvo kuva chorudzidziso, kuri pachena kuti vazhinji vanonyanyosaitira hanya zvokuti havapedzi chavanotanga.
Vakuru vasingaitiri hanya vorudzidziso havawanzova navana vanoshingaira navanodavidza. Kunzverwa kwavane zera ramakore 11 kusvikira ku 16 okukura kwakaitwa nomutarisiri weSangano Roruzivo rapaUniversity yeBonn, Germany, kwakazivisa kuti kupfuura nakare kose, vechiduku vari kutsvaka vanhu vokuumbira pavari tsika. Asi pavakabvunzwa avo vari mienzanisiro yavo, vechiduku vakakundikana kududza vatungamiriri vechechi kunyange nakamwe.
Simba Rezvamatongerwe eNyika Rinoderera
Rudzidziso rwakarongwa harusati ruchashandisazve simba rezvamatongerwe enyika zvarwakamboita. Somuenzaniso, Vatican yave isingakwanisi, kunyange munyika huru dzavaKaturike, kudzivisa kuitwa kwemitemo pamusoro pokubvisa nhumbu, chatanuro, uye rusununguko rwokunamata zvaisingadi nomutoo wakajeka. Nomutoo wakafanana, migariro yakagombedzera Vatican kubvumirana nechibvumirano cha 1984 chakatorera chiKaturike chimiro chacho sorudzidziso rwakagadzwa rweItaly!
Izvo rudzidziso rwenhema rwaichimboita kupfurikidza nedzvinyiriro yamanomano ezvamatongerwe enyika zvino rwoedza kuita kupfurikidza namasangano okuramba kwapamhene anotungamirirwa navakuru varwo vakatanhamara vorudzidziso, vakadai sabhishopi mukuru weAnglican Desmond Tutu weSouth Africa.
Kana Takabatana Tinobudirira, Kana Takakamukana Tinokundikana
Musangano wa 1910 wamasosaiti avafundisi vePurotesitendi muEdinburgh, Scotland, wakabereka sangano razvino uno reboka ramachechi. Iri sangano rakakudziridzwa misi ichangobva kupfuura iyi munhamburiko yokusimudzira batira pamwe yorudzidziso nenzwisisano huru, richibvumira “rudzidziso rwechiKristu” kutaura nenzwi rimwe.
Sangano reboka ramachechi rine zvimiro zvizhinji. Nhano inokosha yakaitwa muna 1948 muAmsterdam apo Dare reNyika Ramachechi rakaumbwa. Rakaumbwa pakuvamba naanenge machechi ePurotesitendi 150, eAnglican, uye eOrthodox, dare racho zvino rinokuchidzira kupeta kaviri chiverengero ichecho.
Kunyange zvazvo isati iri mutezo weDare reNyika Ramachechi, Chechi yeRoma Katurike inoratidzika kuva iri kunanairira murutivi irworwo. Muna 1984 padzimbahwe reSwiss redare racho, Papa John Paul akakumbanira munyori mukuru ari kurega basa mukutungamirira munamato womunyengetero weboka ramachechi. Uye muna May 1989, vaKaturike vaiva pakati pavanopfuura vaendi kuchechi veEurope vane 700 vakaungana muBasel, Switzerland, apo rimwe pepanhau rakaidza kuti “chinoitika chikurusa cheboka ramachechi chifo cheReformation.”
Chifo chapakati pama 1930, uku kudisa kutera kwakava kunocherekedzwa zvikuru nemhaka yokugamuchirwa kunowedzera kwepfungwa yokuti marudzidziso ose e“chiKristu” ane chinzwano chakapiwa naMwari chokuberekwa nacho. Se“chibvumikiso” chechinzwano chokuberekwa nacho, Dare reNyika Ramachechi rinosimbisa kuti mitezo yaro yose inogamuchira dzidziso yoUtatu, ichirangarira “Jesu Kristu saMwari uye Muponesi.”
ChiKristudhomu chakarondawo kurukurirano namarudzidziso asiri echiKristu. Mukuwirirana neThe Encyclopedia of Religion, ikoku kutsvaka kutera kunoshanda “pakati pezvimiro zvendangariro zvokudzora muruzivo rwoumwari, uko kunoreva kuti kana kutenda kumwe kuri zvokwadi hakuna kumwe kutenda kune maruramiro chaizvoizvo okuvapo, uye tsinhirano yezvitendero, iyo inoreva kuti hapana misiano yakakwana pakati pokutenda kuti imutse nhau uye kuti kubatanidzwa kwazvo zvose kunogona kuparira kutenda kutsva nokuda kwenguva yemberi.”
Chokwadi, rudzidziso rwenhema rwakafanana norungoyi rwemikoswa mizhinji, iyo yose inokwevera mumativi akasiana. Ikoku kunotangira ngwavaira, nokuti mashoko aJesu achigere kuva asingatenderwi: “Umambo huri hwose hwakakamukana mahuri humene hunoparara, uye guta riri rose kana kuti imba yakakamukana mairi imene haizobudiriri.”—Mateo 12:25, NW.
Gamuchira Rwechokwadi, Ramba Rwenhema!
Vamwe vanhu vangasarudza kufuratira ufakazi. Asi tariro isina hwaro ine ngozi. “Machechi avapo kwechinopfuura chizvarwa chimwe aine tariro yokuti zvinhu zvaizova zviri nani zvikuru kana kuti zviri pasi pechibvumirano chawo amene,” yakadaro The Times yeLondon muna October 1988. Iyo yakawedzera, kuti: “Pasinei hapo nederero yenhambo yenguva refu yapashoma napashoma mumitezo yechechi muBritain, pave pane nhamburiko duku inotsigirwa mukati mamachechi kuitsanangura kana kuti kusaitsanangura, kana kuti kuita miitiro mukuwirirana nako.” Nomutoo une mufungo yakabva yagumisa, kuti: “Sangano rezvokutengeserana ripi neripi rinowana zvinotengeswa zvaro zvichipfuurira kutapudzika ringazvigadzirira rimene nokuda kwengwavaira yokupedzisira kana kuti kuita nhano dzokuvandudza chibereko charo nokutengesa kwaro.”
Hapana chinhu chinoratidzira kuti rudzidziso rwenhema rucha“ita nhano yokuvandudza chibereko charwo nokutengesa kwaro.” Hwaro bedzi hwetariro nokuda kwavanhu vanotya Mwari iri mukutendeukira kurudzidziso rumwe rwechokwadi, rune nzizi dzarwo dzinoyerera dzemvura dzomudzimu dzisiri mungozi yokupwa. Kana rwuri rudzidziso rwenhema, “Nguva Yokugadzikisa Nhau Yava Pedyo.” Dzidza zvakawanda munyaya inotevera iri muchinyorwa chino.
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Zvapupu zvaJehovha: Mvura Dzazvo Hadzizi Kupwa
“Sezvo marudzidziso egamuchidzanwa achiderera pashoma napashoma, machechi namatembere avo ari kuramba achiva asina vanhu nguva dzose, Zvapupu zvaJehovha zviri kuwana mitezo inowedzera uye zviri kutowana zvaichimbova zvivako zvamachechi nedzimwe nzvimbo itsva mokuunganidzira mitezo yazvo mitsva.”—Le Petit Journal, pepanhau reCanada.
“MuItaly mune zvinenge zviuru 45 . . . Nhasi sekete racho rine magazini chaiwo, ari akanaka uye anotofadza (azere nenhau nenyaya zvinobva munyika yose), rinotsikirira mabhuku maduku anowirirana nomusi uyewo anopindura vazivi vanozivisisa veBhaibheri reKaturike, rinogovera maBhaibheri akashandurwa nomutoo wakananga kubva muchiHebheru . . . Neiyi mitoo, Zvapupu zvakatova norubudiriro rukuru.”—Famiglia Mese, magazini yeKaturike yeItaly (yakanyorwa muna 1975; pana April 1989, chiverengero cheZvapupu zvaJehovha muItaly chakanga chawedzera kusvika ku 169 646.)
“[Zvapupu zvaJehovha] zviri kubhapatidza mazana nepo isu tiri kubhapatidza vaviri-vaviri uye vatatu-vatatu.”—The Evangelist, chishandiswa chinobvumirwa nedare cheEvangelical Tract Distributors. (Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvakabhapatidza vanhu 69 649 muna 1962 apo uku kutaura kwakaitwa; muna 1988 chiverengero cheZvapupu zvichangobva kubhapatidzwa chaiva 239 268.)
“Muna 1962 ndakagumisa kufunda Zvapupu zvaJehovha neiyi cherekedzo: ‘Kuti Chaunga Chenyika Itsva nokukurumidza chichapererwa nesimba kunopanikirika.’ . . . Kune Zvapupu zvakawanda zvinopfuura nekaviri nhasi [1979] kupfuura zvaivako panguva iyeyo. Zviratidzo zvose zvinoratidzira kuti Watchtower Society zvimwe ichapetazve muukuru mukati mamakore gumi anotevera.”—William J. Whalen muU.S. Catholic. (Zvapupu 989 192 zvomuna 1962 zvakawedzera kusvikira ku 3 592 654 pakuzosvika muna 1988.)
Chifo cha 1970 chiverengero cheZvapupu zvaJehovha muFederal Republic yeGermany (uye West Berlin) chakawedzera ne 38 muzana. Mumakore 30 akapfuura, chiverengero cheungano dzeZvapupu zvaJehovha muNetherlands chakawedzera kubva pa 161 kusvikira ku 317, uye muBritain kubva pa 825 kusvikira ku 1 257, kuchikuita kuve madikanwa kuvaka Horo dzoUmambo itsva zhinji munyika dzose dziri mbiri.—Enzanisa nendima 3 iri pasi pomusoro muduku unoti “Chiono Chakajeka Chinodzimaidzika.”
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Rudzidziso runofuratirwa zvikurukuru munyika yanhasi yechimbichimbi