Umvuthwandaba Ojabulisayo Weminyaka Engama-80 Yokubutha
ELASENDIYA! Liyizwe lokushayisana okuningi—kwezempucuko, ezenkolo, amasiko, nesimo sezulu. Kwabaningi liyizwe elihlukile nelingajwayelekile, nokho lithakazelisa kunoma ubani ovakashela ugu lwalo olukhangayo.
Kulo lonke lelizwekazi, elinabantu abayizigidi ezingama-775, abathandi bakaJehova uNkulunkulu babekhumbula isenzakalo esikhethekile edolobheni elincane laseLonavla, phezulu eziNtabeni zaseNtshonalanga yeMaharashtra State. KwakungeSonto, ngoJanuary 20, 1985.
Kungani ngalolosuku kwakunemicabango eminingi eyayigxile kulendawo enhle esegqumeni engamakhilomitha ayi-110 ukusuka edolobheni eliphithizelayo laseBombay? Impendulo iseminyakeni engama-80 yokubuthwa kwezinto eziyigugu zikaJehova—abantu bakhe—eNdiya. Lokho akuyona imbangela yokujabula koFakazi BakaJehova abalapha abangaphezu kwezi-7 000 kuphela kodwa kwayo yonke inhlangano yabantu bakaNkulunkulu kuwo wonke umhlaba.
Kodwa ukuze sikuqonde kangcono ukubaluleka kwalesisenzakalo esikhethekile, ake sihlole kafushane indlela izisekelo zeqiniso ezaqiniswa ngayo eminyakeni engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili edlule.
Ukukhanya Kweqiniso Kufika Endiya
Ngo-1905, umfundi wesayensi ongumNdiya, uS. P. Davey, wavakashela eUnited States of America. Ngesikhathi elapho, waba khona enkulumweni yeBhayibheli eyayibekwa uC. T. Russell, ngalesosikhathi owayengumongameli weWatch Tower Bible and Tract Society. UDavey waba nesithakazelo esijulile eqinisweni, wabuyela kubo eMadras ogwini lwaseNdiya olusempumalanga, futhi ekugcineni wamisa amaqembu ezifundo zeBhayibheli angama-40.
Cishe ngaso lesikhathi, insizwa engumNdiya yayifuna izimpendulo ngemfundiso kaZiqu-zintathu nokubhapathizwa kwezinsana. UA. J. Joseph ngalesosikhathi wayeyilungu leSonto laseSheshi, kodwa wathola ngeposi incwadi kaRussell ethi At-One-Ment Between God and Men. Lencwadi yenza uJoseph wabona iqiniso ngobukhulu bukaJehova. UJoseph, uyise, nomzala wakhe ngokushesha base besakaza iqiniso leBhayibheli emadolobheni anamasimu erayisi nemithi kakhukhunathi manje aziwa ngokuthi yizwe laseKerala. Ngemva kokuba uMzalwane uRussell ehambele eNdiya ngo-1912, uJoseph waba ummemezeli woMbuso wesikhathi esigcwele. Ngo-1924 wathatha uhambo lwamakhilomitha ayizi-5 800 eyedwa ehamba efakaza eNdiya, enikeza abantu abaningi ithuba lokuzwa iqiniso. UMzalwane uJoseph wayeyisisebenzi esishisekayo kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe ngo-1964.
Ngo-1926, umongameli wesibili weWatch Tower Society, uJ. F. Rutherford, wahambela eNgilandi. Ngesikhathi elapho, wabuza uEdwin Skinner, icolporteur (umshumayeli wesikhathi esigcwele): “Ungathanda yini ukuya eNdiya?” Ngaphandle kokungabaza, uMzalwane uSkinner waphendula: “Uthanda ukuba ngiye nini?” Phakathi namasonto amathathu yena nayehamba naye baya eNdiya!
Eminyakeni engama-50 elandelayo, uEdwin Skinner wakhonza njengenceku yegatsha, ekuqaleni enakekela elaseNdiya, iCeylon, iPersia, iAfghanistan, neBurma. Ingxenye enkulu yelaseNdiya wayeyihamba ngesitimela, eshintshana nayesebenza naye ngomthwalo wemfanelo wasehhovisi nomsebenzi wokujikeleza nokushumayela. Kamuva bathola “imoto eyindlu” futhi ukufakaza kwabo bakwelulela ezindaweni ezingafinyeleleki ngesitimela. Eseneminyaka engama-91, uMzalwane uSkinner usalokhu eyisisebenzi esishisekayo ehhovisi legatsha laseNdiya futhi ungummemezeli evelele wezindaba ezinhle.
Ababethole iziqu esikoleni seBhayibheli BaseGileyadi seWatch Tower baqala ukufika ngo-1947. URichard Cotterill owazalelwa eBrithani wayengomunye walaba bokuqala, futhi ngemva kweminyaka engama-38 usashiseka. Sekuyisikhashana manje uhulumeni ekwenqabela ukungena kwanoma iziphi izithunywa zevangeli ezintsha zakwamanye amazwe eNdiya. Kodwa abazalwane nodade abayi-17, ngamunye enesilinganiso seminyaka engama-30 eyisithunywa sevangeli, bakhonza kulelizwe ngokwethembeka.
Abazalwane bamaNdiya ngokwabo baye bathuthuka kakhulu ngokomoya, futhi abaningi manje bayafaneleka njengamaphayona akhethekile nanjengababonisi abajikelezayo. Ngo-1983 ehhovisi legatsha kwaqhutshwa amakilasi amabili esikole seBhayibheli seWatchtower emasontweni ayishumi. Abangama-46 ababhalisela inkonzo yamaphayona akhethekile bakhuthazwa futhi bahlonyiswa kangcono ukuze bahlangabezane nezidingo ezinkulu zomsebenzi wokubutha eNdiya. Baye baba usizo kakhulu ekuqhubekiseleni umsebenzi ezindaweni ezintsha.
Izithelo Naphezu Kwezinkinga
Naphezu kwezinselele ezihlukahlukene zensimu yaseNdiya elukhuni—amadolobha amakhulu nacinene, yonke imiphakathi yabantu ikhungethwe imibono yokusinda, amasiko enkolo ajulile abusa imisebenzi yansuku zonke kusukela ekuzalweni kuya ekufeni—ukubutha kuyaqhubeka. Phakathi kwezigidi eziningi zamaNdiya, abanye bafuna ikhambi ezinkingeni zesintu futhi bafuna ukumqonda ngokujulile uNkulunkulu.
Omunye wabantu abanjalo nguDadu. Eseyinsizwa, uDadu wayephazanyiswe iqiniso lokuthi abantu abaningi bakhonza onkulunkulu abaningi. Waqala ukufunda iBhayibheli, kodwa okuningi wayengakuqondi. Khona-ke waya emathempelini amaHindu futhi waqala ukufunda izincwadi zaleyonkolo.
“Ngatshelwa ukuthi iNkosi uKrishna wayelawula zonke izinkolo nokuthi inkolo ngayinye yayimelelwe ubuhlalu bomgexo ayewufaka entanyeni yakhe,” kukhumbula uDadu. “Ngacabanga ukuthi uma kwakunjalo, kungani-ke kukhona ukuzondana phakathi kwezinkolo ezihlukahlukene, ngokuvamile okuphumela ekuchithweni kwegazi?” Ukuhlolwa kwenkolo yamaMuslim okwenziwa kamuva kwenza uDadu wakholelwa ukuthi wayethintana nokhokho bakhe abaningi abase befile. Kodwa ekutadisheni iBhayibheli noFakazi BakaJehova, uDadu nomkakhe basazi isiqalo sezinkolo zezwe eziningi nokuthi lokhu ekuthiwa kuyimimoya emihle ababezihlanganise nakho kwakuyinkohliso, amademoni. “Siyambonga uJehova uNkulunkulu ngolwazi oluye lwasikhulula ethonyeni layo,” kusho uDadu. Manje bobabili yena nomkakhe bayizikhonzi zesikhathi esigcwele.
Eminyakeni eyisikhombisa edlule, omunye umama wathola iBhayibheli nezincwadi zeBhayibheli koFakazi BakaJehova. Nakuba yena nomkhaya wakhe bathuthela ezindaweni lapho bengekho khona oFakazi, waqhubeka ezitadishela ngokwakhe. Muva nje lapho ephinda ebonana noFakazi, walandisa: “Phakathi naleminyaka edlule, angiwakhohlwanga amaqiniso engangiwafunde eBhayibhelini. Kwakungenakwenzeka ngami ukubuyela ezindleleni zami zakuqala zokukhulekela.”
Izincwadi Ngezilimi Eziningi
Kulo lonke elaseNdiya kukhulunywa izilimi eziyinhloko eziyishumi nesihlanu, nezinye izilimi ezibhalwayo eziyisishiyagalolunye. Bekulokhu kuyinselele ukulungiselela ukudla okungokomoya kwazo zonke lezilimi. Ngisho emuva ngo-1912, uMzalwane uRussell walungiselela ukuba izincwajana zeBhayibheli zihunyushelwe olimini lwesiHindustani, isiGujarati, isiMalayalam, isiMarathi, isiTelugu, nesi-Tamil. Kamuva kwahlanganiswa ezinye izilimi ezikhulunywa khona, iningi lalezincwadi lalinyatheliswa phesheya bese lilethwa ngomkhumbi. Khona-ke ekuqaleni kwawo-1960 uhulumeni owayebusa wakwenqabela ukungeniswa kwanoma iziphi izincwadi zolimi lwesiNdiya ezivela kwamanye amazwe.
Njengoba cishe kwakungenakwenzeka ngokwezomnotho ngegatsha ukuba lizinyathelisele izincwadi ngokwalo, iNhlangano yenza isivumelwano nabanyathelisi bezentengiselwano. Amaphayona akhethiwe afundiswa ukunakekela izincwadi ezisendaweni akuyo. Okwamanje, kunezindawo zokunyathelisa ezihlukahlukene eziyi-11, ezikhiqiza izincwadi zeBhayibheli ngezilimi eziyi-16, kuhlanganise nomagazini bezilimi eziyi-9 abaphuma njalo beNqabayokulinda. Ngokushesha, ngokufakwa kweMEPS (iMultilanguage Electronic Photo-typesetting System yeNhlangano), ukulungiselelwa nokuhlelwa kwezincwadi kuyokwenziwa ehhovisi legatsha, kunikeze amaphayona amaningi isikhathi esengeziwe emsebenzini wokubutha.
Izithelo Zeminyaka Engama-80
Usemkhulu umsebenzi okusamelwe wenziwe eNdiya, njengoba ingeyesibili emazweni anabantu abaningi emhlabeni wonke. Amaphesenti omphakathi ayi-6,6 kuphela aye afinyelelwa ngezindaba ezinhle kuze kube manje. Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amazwe, ukwanda kwabantu bakaJehova eNdiya kuye kwahamba kancane. Kwathatha iminyaka engama-53 ukufinyelela nje inani labamemezeli abayi-1 000. Kodwa izithunywa zevangeli nabazalwane bendawo baqhubeka benza intando kaYise ngokuphikelela nangokubekezela. (Isaya 60:22) Manje siyajabula ukubona ukwanda kwamaphesenti ayi-10 kunangonyaka odlule, nenani elisha labamemezeli abayizi-7 410 emabandleni angama-340 alelozwe namaqembu angawodwa.
Lokhu kwanda okuqhubekayo kwaveza isidingo sezindawo zegatsha ezinkulu. Nokho, lalingenakwandiswa igatsha laseNdiya eBombay. Futhi kulelodolobha isiza sasingatholakali kalula futhi sasibiza kakhulu. Isimo somoya waseBombay, naso, kwakuthiwa sinciphisa ubude bokuphila komuntu ngeminyaka eyishumi. Kanjalo, ngo-1978 kwatholakala isiza egqumeni lokuzijabulisa eLonavla, idolobha lokuqala eliseningizimu yedolobha elikhulu laseBombay lapho umgwaqo nojantshi kuhlangana khona. Lelidolobha linomoya ongangcolile kakhulu njengoba lisendaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-610.
Iminyaka Eyisithupha Yomsebenzi
Umsebenzi wokuqala wawuhilela ukwakhiwa kwezindonga, kwezinye izindawo ziphakame zize zibe ngamamitha ayi-4,6, ukuze zivikele kokubili indawo futhi zivimbele inhlabathi yamasimu angomakhelwane asezindaweni ezehlelayo. Kwadingeka ukuba kugcwaliswe imigodi ejulile, kususwe nomeno omkhulu owawugcwele izinyoka eziyingozi, njengezimfezi nezindlondlo. Kwadingeka ukuba kulungiswe kabusha izindlu ezimbalwa eziyizitezi nezinye izakhiwo ezazikhona ukuze kuhlalwe kuzo futhi ukuze zibe yindawo yesikhashana yamahhovisi.
Kwaqashwa izinkontileka, kodwa abazalwane abafanelekayo bengamela isigaba ngasinye sesakhiwo, futhi abanye abaningi banikeza usizo lapho babengalunikeza khona. Enye inkontileka, eyayiqashelwe ukuvula umgwaqo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo, yanquma ukuthi umsebenzi kumelwe uyekwe izinyanga eziyisithupha, njengoba ukuthanjiswa komgwaqo owugwadule ngamanzi kwakungenakwenzeka. Yeka indlela okwakuyiyo ukubona wonke umkhaya wegatsha uthuthela amabhakede amanzi emgwaqweni ubusuku ngabunye ukuze umsebenzi wenziwe ngesikhathi esimisiwe!
Umsindo wogandaganda awuzange uzwakale, njengoba umsebenzi omningi eNdiya wenziwa ngezandla. Kanjalo umsebenzi waqhubeka kahle kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kwesitezi sokuqala sesakhiwo esiyinhloko. Kwakungalesosikhathi lapho kwaba khona ukuswelakala okukhulu kukasimende. Kodwa ngokujabulisayo, igatsha laseKorea leWatch Tower Society lalungiselela ukuthunyelwa kwamasaka ayizi-l0 000 ngomkhumbi, lenza sonke isikhiwo saqedwa ngesikhathi esimisiwe. Ngakho ngo-1984 isakhiwo esihle segatsha elisha saqedwa—kwaba udumo kuJehova.
Imiphumela Yokugcina
Manje kunezakhiwo eziyisishiyagalombili ezisendaweni yeNhlangano engamahektare ayi-1,9, enezitshalo zikabhanana, umango, umkhiwane, nemithi yepapaya, kuhlanganise nezitshalo eziningi ezinezimbali.
Isakhiwo esiyinhloko segatsha sinezitezi ezimbili nendawo yangaphansi, enegalaji nelondolo. Indawo yokunyathelisa esitezi esiphansi inendawo yemishini yokunyathelisa emincane emithathu, kanye nomshini wokusika, wokugoqa, nowokuhlanganisa. Kulendawo kunamakamelo amacomputer eMEPS nendawo yokuthumela, lapho izincwadi ezikhiqizwa kuleligatsha zithunyelwa emazweni angama-56. Amahhovisi, umtapo wezincwadi, namakamelo okulala asesitezi sesibili.
IHholo LoMbuso elisha lisengxenyeni engaphambili yesakhiwo. Igumbi lesiteji, elakhiwe ngomuthi weteak oqoshwe ngesandla, libhekene nendawo yokuhlala abantu abangama-250. Eduze kwalapho, izakhiwo ezilungiswe kabusha zinendawo yokuhlala, ikhishi, nendawo yokudlela yomkhaya wegatsha wabantu abangama-31. Kusekhona indawo engenalutho uma kudingeka ukuba kwandiswe futhi.
Isenzakalo Esikhethekile
Ngakho-ke, ngemva kweminyaka engama-80 yokubuthwa kwezinto eziyigugu zikaJehova, ngalolosuku olujabulisayo lukaJanuary kwalethwa ukunakekela ekunikezelweni kwezakhiwo ezintsha zegatsha eNdiya.
Leminyaka engama-80 yokushumayela yachazwa phakathi nesimiso sokunikezela. Kwanikezwa amaphuzu avelele omsebenzi wokwakha. Umbonisi ohambela amagatsha uGünter Künz waphawula enkulumweni yakhe yokunikezela ukuthi eminyakeni eyisihlanu edlule kuye kwaba nokwanda kwamaphesenti angama-30 abantu bakaJehova emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa wakujabulela ukubika ukuthi elaseNdiya lakwedlula lokho ngokwanda kwamaphesenti angama-34, futhi wakhumbuza izilaleli ukuthi elaseNdiya laliyoqhubekela phambili kuphela ngokusebenza kanzima ngokwengeziwe.
Bonke ababekhona bajabula ngalobufakazi besibusiso sikaJehova. Abazalwane eNdiya bazimisele ukusebenza ngentshiseko ukuze abaningi ngokwengeziwe basizwe basabele ezindabeni ezinhle zoMbuso.
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UEdwin Skinner (ongowesibili kusukela ngakwesokudla) ‘nemoto eyindlu’
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Igatsha elisha eningizimu yeBombay