Isikebhe SaseGalile—Igugu Langezikhathi ZeBhayibheli

NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA! KWA-ISRAYELI

IZIGIGABA eziningi ezithakazelisayo zenkonzo kaJesu zenzeka oLwandle LwaseGalile. Kwakukuleli chibi noma ngasogwini lwalo lapho iNdodana kaNkulunkulu yahamba khona phezu kwamanzi, yazolisa amagagasi ayegubha ngamandla, yondla izinkulungwane zabantu ngokumangalisayo futhi yaphulukisa abagulayo.

Ngo-1986 kwatholakala okuthile okumangalisayo ngaphansi kwalolu lwandle eduze naseKapernawume yamandulo. Kwakuyisikebhe esasisetshenziswa kulolu lwandle emuva lé esikhathini senkonzo kaJesu. Satholakala kanjani? Futhi yini esingayifunda kuso?

Satholakala Ngenxa Yesomiso

Iminyaka eminingi yesomiso eyalandelwa isivuvu sangehlobo lika-1985, yaba nemiphumela emibi oLwandle LwaseGalile, futhi amanzi aleli chibi ayesetshenziselwa nokunisela izitshalo. Isilinganiso samanzi sasehle ngendlela emangalisayo, okwambula izindawo ezibanzi ezazimbozwe amanzi. Amadoda amabili, ayizelamani ezazihlala epulazini eliseduze, abona ithuba eliyingqayizivele lokufuna ingcebo efihliweyo. Njengoba ayenqamula kulezi zindawo ezazimbozwe amanzi, abona izinhlamvu zemali zethusi nezipikili ezimbalwa ezindala. Abe esebona okuthile okumise okwegobolondo odakeni, okwakuyindawo lapho lesi sikebhe sasendulo sasigqibeke khona. Ngempela ayethole igugu!

Izazi zemivubukulo zazingakulindele nakancane ukuthola isikebhe esineminyaka engu-2 000 ubudala oLwandle LwaseGalile. Zazicabanga ukuthi izilwanyana ezingabonakali ngamehlo enyama zaziyobe sezilushaye zaluqeda nyá noma yiluphi ukhuni okwakwakhiwe ngalo isikebhe. Kodwa kokubili ukubala isikhathi ngokulinganisa i-carbon (carbon dating) nezinhlamvu ezatholakala kuleyo ndawo kwenza izazi zaphetha ngokuthi lesi sikebhe esatholakala sasingesekhulu lokuqala B.C.E. noma ngekhulu lokuqala C.E. Sasisalondolozeke kahle ngendlela emangalisayo. Kwenzeka kanjani lokho?

Kubonakala sengathi sagqibeka endaweni eyayingenaziphazamiso, okwenza ukuba yonke ingxenye yaso engezansi imbozwe udaka oluthambile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lolu daka lwaqina. Ngaleyo ndlela, kwalondolozeka ingxenye ethile yomlando amakhulu angaba ngu-20 eminyaka!

Njengoba izindaba zokutholakala kwalesi sikebhe zazisakazekela kuyo yonke indawo, sasesaziwa ngesifekethiso esithi iSikebhe SikaJesu. Yiqiniso, akekho owayecabanga ukuthi yisona ngempela lesi sikebhe esasisetshenziswa uJesu noma abafundi bakhe. Noma kunjalo, ubudala baso nezici ezithile ezifana nezezikebhe ezichazwe ekulandiseni kwamaVangeli kuvusa isithakazelo sezazi zeBhayibheli nezomlando ngokufanayo.

Lesi sikebhe singamamitha angu-8,2 ubude namamitha angu-2,3 ububanzi. Umakhi waso waqale wakha igobolondo laso, okusho ukuthi waqale wabethela amapulangwe esiqwini sesikebhe kunokuba awabethele ohlakeni, futhi ngemva kwalokho wenza izingxenye ezisemaceleni ukuze akhe umzimba waso sonke isikebhe. Kwakuyinto evamile ukuba zakhiwe ngale ndlela izikebhe ezaziklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa oLwandle LwaseMedithera. Nokho, kungenzeka ukuthi isikebhe saseGalile sasakhiwe ngendlela ehlukile ukuze sikwazi ukuhamba echibini.

Kubonakala sengathi ekuqaleni lesi sikebhe sasinoseyili owodwa oyisikwele. Izigwedlo zaso ezine zibonisa ukuthi kwakudingeka kugibele abantu abangaba bahlanu—abagwedli abane nomqondisi oyedwa. Nokho, sasingase sithwale abantu abaphindwe kabili kunalokho. Kulula ukucabanga ngesikebhe esilingana naleso lapho ufunda ngabafundi abangu-7 ababedoba ngesikhathi bebona uJesu ngemva kokuvuswa kwakhe.—Johane 21:2-8.

Akungabazeki ukuthi lesi sikebhe saseGalile sasinendawo yokugcina amanetha amakhulu okudoba ngemuva. Ngaphansi kwamapulangwe ale ndawo engemuva, kwakuba nendawo ethule lapho abadobi abakhathele babengaphumula khona. Kungenzeka ukuthi uJesu wayesendaweni enjalo lapho kunesiphepho esikhulu esinamandla, ngoba “wayengemuva esikebheni, elele emcamelweni.” (Marku 4:38, INguqulo Yezwe Elisha YemiBhalo YamaKristu YesiGreki) Kuye kwasikiselwa ukuthi lo ‘mcamelo’ kungenzeka kwakuyisaka eligcwele isihlabathi elalisiza isikebhe ukuba sintante kahle.a

Abadobi OLwandle LwaseGalile

Ake uzibone ngeso lengqondo uhamba ngesikebhe esifana nalesi emuva lé ekhulwini lokuqala. Njengoba uhamba oLwandle LwaseGalile, yini ongase uyibone? Kukhona abadobi, abanye basezikebheni ezincane kanti abanye bagxambuza emanzini angajulile, bephonsa amanetha abo. Njengoba bengomakadebona kulo msebenzi, basebenzisa isandla esisodwa ukuze baphonse amanetha ayisiyingi angamamitha ayisithupha kuya kwangu-8 ububanzi, aboshelwe izinto zokuwazikisa. Njengoba endlaleka emanzini, la manetha ayacwila, abambe izinhlanzi. Umdobi ukhipha izinhlanzi azibambile ngokudonsa inetha alikhiphe emanzini noma mhlawumbe ngokungena phakathi emanzini abese ekhipha noma athulule okungaphakathi. Lapho lichaza oSimoni no-Andreya, iBhayibheli lithi ‘babephonsa’ amanetha abo, mhlawumbe ngendlela efanayo.—Marku 1:16.

Ungase ubone neqembu labadobi lixoxa ngomdlandla njengoba lilungiselela ukuphonsa inetha elikhulu elidonswayo. Leli netha lingase libe amamitha angu-300 ububanzi, ingaphakathi lalo libe amamitha angaba ngu-8 ukuphakama, futhi linezindophi zokulidonsa ephethelweni ngalinye. Abadobi bakhetha indawo ekahle, bese ingxenye yabo iya osebeni nendophi eyodwa. Isikebhe sona singena phakathi echibini, okwenza inetha lindlaleke ngokuphelele; isikebhe sibe sesijika, silidonse kancane kancane leli netha ukuze libe sasiyingi malungana nosebe. Ngemva kwalokhu iqembu labadobi ebelisele esikebheni liyehla libambé indophi yesibili. Njengoba la maqembu amabili abadobi ehlangabezana, ahudulela leli netha elinezinhlazi osebeni.—Mathewu 13:47, 48.

Laphaya buqamama, ubona umdobi oyedwa esebenzisa udobo. UJesu wake watshela uPetru ukuba aphonse udobo kulo lona lolu lwandle. Uyayibona indlela ayemangele ngayo uPetru lapho ebamba inhlanzi futhi ethola uhlamvu lwesiliva emlonyeni wayo—yona kanye imali eyayidingeka ukuze kukhokhwe intela yethempeli.—Mathewu 17:27.

Ebusuku kuthula kuthí du kuleli chibi. Kodwa kuthi kungazelelwe, kuzwakale umsindo omkhulu kakhulu wezigi zabadobi esikebheni nokukhala kwezigwedlo zabo njengoba beshaya amanzi ngamandla. Kungani? Baye baphonsa amanetha abo emanzini ukuze kuthi lapho izinhlanzi zithuswa yilo msindo ziqonde ngqó kuwo. La manetha ama aqonde lapho esemanzini futhi angabonakali ebusuku, aklanywe ngendlela eyenza izinhlanzi zibambeke kalula kuwo. Ubusuku bonke, la manetha ehliselwa emanzini ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ekuseni ayagezwa abese enekwa ukuze ome. Uyazibuza, ‘Ingabe ukudoba okuyisimangaliso okuchazwe kuLuka 5:1-7 kwakuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwala manetha?’

Umsebenzi Wokuvuselela Lesi Sikebhe

Ake sibuyele ezikhathini zanamuhla. Kwénzekani esikebheni esavubukulwa? Nakuba sasisaphelele, sasithambe njengekhadibhodi elimanzi. Kwakungeke kube ukuhlakanipha ukumane usimbe usikhiphe odakeni. Yeka ukuthi kwakuyodabukisa kanjani ukusibona siwohloka phakathi nenqubo yokuvubukulwa kwaso ngemva kokusinda iminyaka eminingi kangaka! Njengoba amanzi aleli chibi ayengase akhuphuke futhi, kwakhiwa udonga lokubiyela indawo okwakuvubukulwa kuyo. Kwakhiwa imihubhe ngaphansi kwalesi sikebhe ukuze kufakwe izisekelo ze-fiberglass. Khona-ke, njengoba kwakukhishwa udaka ngokucophelela, isikebhe sahuqwa ngaphandle nangaphakathi ngegwebu le-polyurethane.

Inselele elandelayo kwakuwukuthwala lesi sikebhe esintekenteke siyiswe endaweni eqhele ngamamitha angu-300 ukuze kuqalwe umsebenzi wokusilondoloza. Le polyurethane eyayisetshenzisiwe yayiqinile, kodwa ukugudluzwa kwaso ngamawala kwakungase kuluwohloze ukhuni lwaso oluntekenteke olwaluvikelwe ngaleli gwebu. Iqembu lavela nesu elihlakaniphile lokuxazulula le nkinga. Labhoboza udonga kwangena amanzi ngaphakathi. Ngokokuqala ngqá ngemva kwamakhulu amaningi eminyaka, lesi sikebhe, manje esase sembozwe ngomfece wesimanje, santanta oLwandle LwaseGalile.

Kwakhiwa ithange likakhonkolo okwakuzofakwa kulo lesi sikebhe njengoba kuqhutshekwa nomsebenzi wokusilondoloza, owathatha iminyaka engu-14. Inkinga yaqala lapho omiyane bezalela kuleli thange, okwakubadalela izinkathazo labo okwakumelwe bangene emanzini beyosebenza kuso. Kodwa leli qembu elalenza umsebenzi wokusilondoloza laphuma nesu elingokwemvelo futhi elase linesikhathi lisebenza ngokuphumelelayo. Lasebenzisa izinhlanzi eziningana okuthiwa ama-St. Peter, ezadla la maqanda omiyane zahlanza namanzi.

Ngokushesha nje kwase kuyisikhathi sokomisa lesi sikebhe. Sasisentekenteke kakhulu ukuba singayekwa nje sizomele. Kwakumelwe kufakwe okuthile okwakuyothatha isikhundla samanzi ayegcwele okhunini lwesikebhe. Leli qembu lasebenzisa ingcino yokwenziwa encibilikayo emanzini, eyathatha isikhundla samanzi, futhi lokhu kwenza ukuba ukhuni lome ngaphandle kokushintsha isimo salo.

Lapho usuphethiwe umsebenzi wokulondoloza, kwavela isikebhe nje esivamile. Sasakhiwe ngezinhlobo ezingu-12 zamapulangwe. Kungani? Esinye sezizathu kungaba ukuthi ukhuni lwaluyindlala ngaleso sikhathi. Okunye okungenzeka yisona sizathu esikhulu salokhu ukuthi umnikazi waso wayengacebile. Lesi sikebhe salungiswa izikhathi eziningi ngaphambi kokuba sigcine sesishiywe dengwane echibini.

Kungenzeka ukuthi lesi sikebhe saseGalile sasingahlangene nakancane noJesu. Noma kunjalo, kwabaningi siyigugu. Sisivulela ithuba lokubuka emuva emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka ukuze sibone indlela okwakuphilwa ngayo oLwandle LwaseGalile ngezinsuku ezibalulekile zenkonzo kaJesu yasemhlabeni.

[Umbhalo waphansi]

[Isithombe ekhasini 15]

Izisebenzi zakhipha udaka ngokucophelela ngaphakathi esikebheni

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Umbukiso wesikebhe saseGalile—ngemva kokuphethwa komsebenzi wokusilondoloza

[Isithombe ekhasini 15]

Sahuqwa ngegwebu le-“polyurethane”

[Isithombe ekhasini 15]

Ngemva kweminyaka engaba ngu-2 000, isikebhe sabuye santanta echibini

[Isithombe ekhasini 15]

Kungenzeka ukuthi lesi sikebhe sasibukeka ngale ndlela ngekhulu lokuqala

[Umthombo Wesithombe ekhasini 15]

All photos except model and sea: Israel Antiquities Authority - The Yigal Allon Center, Ginosar