Umbono WeBhayibheli
Ingabe Ubumpohlo Buyimfuneko Yezikhonzi EzingamaKristu?
UBUMPOHLO, uma singagwegwesi, buyisimo sokuba ongashadile. Nokho, ngokwe-New Encyclopædia Britannica, leli gama “ngokuvamile lisetshenziswa lapho kukhulunywa ngendima yongashadile njengesikhonzi senkolo, isazi noma isishisekeli senkolo.” Igama elithi “impohlo” libhekisela “kulabo abangashadile ngenxa yokuthi benze isifungo esingcwele noma ngenxa yesenzo sokuzidela noma ngenxa yokuba bekholelwa ukuthi kuyatuseka ngomuntu ngenxa yesikhundla sakhe esingokwenkolo noma izinga lokuzimisela kwakhe ngenkolo.”
Ngezinye izikhathi, izinkolo ezithile ezidumile ziye zathatha ubumpohlo njengemfuneko yabefundisi bazo. Nokho, ayikho enye inkolo yeLobukholwa eyaziwa ngobumpohlo njengobuKatolika. Namuhla, kunempikiswano eshubile ngobumpohlo bamaKatolika. I-Wilson Quarterly yaphawula ukuthi “ukuhlola okuningi emashumini eminyaka amuva kuye kwaphetha ngokuthi ubumpohlo obuyisibopho, obuyimfuneko kubapristi abangamaKatolika kusukela ekhulwini le-12 leminyaka, buyimbangela yezinkinga zesonto ekutholeni nasekugcineni abapristi.” Ngokwesazi sezokuhlalisana kwabantu uRichard A. Schoenherr, “amaqiniso angokomlando nokushintsha kwesimo sezenhlalo kumelene nokugcotshwa kwabesilisa abayizimpohlo kuphela njengabapristi abangamaKatolika.” Uyini umbono weBhayibheli ngobumpohlo?
Ukushada Noma Ukungashadi?
Kuwo wonke umlando amadoda nabesifazane abaningi abazinikele, ezinkolweni eziningi ezihlukahlukene, baye bakhetha ukungashadi. Ngani? Kwabaningi kwakungenxa yokuthi babekholelwa ukuthi izinto ezingokwenyama, ezibonakalayo “ziyimbangela yobubi.” Lokhu kwabangela umbono wokuthi umuntu angaba msulwa ngokomoya kuphela uma egwema konke okuphathelene nobulili. Nokho, lona akuwona umbono weBhayibheli. EBhayibhelini, umshado ubhekwa njengesipho esingcwele nesihlanzekile esivela kuNkulunkulu. Ukulandisa kukaGenesise ngendalo kuveza ngokucacile ukuthi umshado ‘muhle’ emehlweni kaNkulunkulu futhi ngokusobala awusona isithiyo sobuhlobo obumsulwa ngokomoya noNkulunkulu.—Genesise 1:26-28, 31; 2:18, 22-24; bheka nezAga 5:15-19.
Umphostoli uPetru nezinye izinceku zikaNkulunkulu ezithembekile ezaziphathiswe izikhundla zegunya ebandleni lokuqala lobuKristu zazingamadoda ashadile. (Mathewu 8:14; IzEnzo 18:2; 21:8, 9; 1 Korinte 9:5) Iziqondiso umphostoli uPawulu azinikeza uThimothewu ngokumiswa kwababonisi bebandla, noma “ababhishobhi,” zenza lokhu kukhanye. Uyabhala: “Umbhishobhi umelwe abe ongasolekiyo, indoda emfazi munye.” (Omalukeke sizenzele; 1 Thimothewu 3:2, Revised Standard Version, uHlelo LwamaKatolika) Qaphela ukuthi akukho nokuncane okusikisela ukuthi “umbhishobhi” kwakungafanele ashade. UPawulu wamane nje wabonisa ukuthi “umbhishobhi” akumelwe abe nesithembu; uma eshadile, kumelwe abe nomfazi oyedwa kuphela. Empeleni, i-Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature, kaMcClintock noStrong, iyaphetha: “Alikho ivesi [eTestamenteni Elisha] elingachazwa njengelinqabela ukushada kwabefundisi ngaphansi kohlelo lweVangeli.”
Nakuba liwutusa umshado, ngokuqinisekile iBhayibheli alikulahli ukungashadi uma kukhethwa ngokuzithandela. IBhayibheli litusa ukungashadi njengendlela yokuphila efanelekile kwabathile. (1 Korinte 7:7, 8) UJesu Kristu wathi amadoda nabesifazane abathile bakhetha inkambo yokungashadi ngokuzithandela. (Mathewu 19:12) Ngani? Hhayi ngoba kunokuthile okungahlanzekile ngomshado okungaphazamisa intuthuko yabo engokomoya. Bakhetha le nkambo ukuze nje bagxilise imizamo yabo ekwenzeni intando kaNkulunkulu ezikhathini abazibheka njengeziphuthumayo.
Okwaholela Emthethweni Wobumpohlo Obuyisibopho
Nokho, izimo zashintsha emakhulwini eminyaka angemva kwesikhathi sikaKristu. UDavid Rice, ongowesigaba sikaDominic owashiya ubupristi ukuze ashade, uchaza ukuthi phakathi namakhulu amathathu okuqala eSikhathi sethu Esivamile, “kwakunabefundisi abashadile nabangashadile.” Khona-ke, ababezisho ukuthi bangamaKristu baqala ukuthonywa yilokho umlobi othile wezenkolo akuchaza ngokuthi “ingxube yemibono yamaGreki neyeBhayibheli” eyabangela umbono osontekile ngobulili nomshado.
Nokho, abanye baqhubeka bephishekela ukungashadi ukuze nje “bathole inkululeko ephelele yokuzinikela emsebenzini wombuso kaNkulunkulu.” Nokho, abanye babeshukunyiswa ikakhulukazi amafilosofi obuqaba ababewamukele. I-New Encyclopædia Britannica ithi: “Inkolelo yokuthi ubuhlobo bobulili babungcolisa futhi bungqubuzana nobungcwele yavela [esontweni lamaKristu okuzisholo] njengesisusa esinamandla sokuphishekela ubumpohlo.”
URice uthi ekhulwini lesine, isonto “lalinqabela umpristi oshadile ukuba ahlanganyele ubuhlobo bobulili ngobusuku obandulela ukugujwa kweSidlo seNkosi.” Lapho isonto liqala ukwenza iSidlo seNkosi nsuku zonke, lokhu kwasho ukuthi abapristi kwakumelwe bagweme ubuhlobo bobulili ngokuphelele. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukushada kwabapristi kwenqatshelwa ngokuphelele. Ngakho ubumpohlo baba imfuneko kunoma ubani owayezoba umfundisi esontweni.
Umphostoli uPawulu waxwayisa ngaso kanye lesi senzakalo. Wabhala: “UMoya ukusho ngokucacile ukuthi ezikhathini zokugcina abanye bayolahla ukholo bakhethe ukulalela omoya abadukisayo nezimfundiso zamademoni . . . Bayokuthi ukushada kunqatshelwe.”—1 Thimothewu 4:1, 3, Jerusalem Bible.
UJesu Kristu wathi: “Ukuhlakanipha kubonakaliswa kulungile yimisebenzi yako.” (Mathewu 11:19) Ubuwula bokuphambuka ezindinganisweni zikaNkulunkulu buye babonakaliswa yimisebenzi noma imiphumela yako. Umlobi uDavid Rice waxoxa nabapristi abaningi emhlabeni jikelele ngendaba yobumpohlo obuphoqelelwe. Abanye axoxa nabo bathi: “Uhlala ungumpristi, wenze konke okusemandleni akho, ngobuhlakani uzenze utholakalele abesifazane abakholwayo, abakuthandayo abazimisele ukuba nobuhlobo bobulili nawe.”
Ecaphuna uMathewu 7:20, uRice uyaphawula: “‘Niyobazi ngezithelo zabo,’ kusho uJesu.” Ube esekhuluma ngenhlekelele eye yabangelwa ubumpohlo obuphoqelelwe: “Izithelo zobumpohlo obuphoqelelwe ziyilawo madoda ayizinkulungwane aphila ukuphila okumbaxa-mbili, izinkulungwane zabesifazane abaphila ukuphila okuwohlokile, izinkulungwane zezingane eziye zadikilwa oyise abagcotshiwe, ingasaphathwa eyabapristi abanamanxeba angokomzwelo.”
Umshado ohloniphekile uyisibusiso esivela kuNkulunkulu. Ubumpohlo obuphoqelelwe buye balimaza ngokomoya. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhetha ukungashadi ngokuzithandela, nakuba kungabalulekile ukuze umuntu abe ngcwele noma asindiswe, kuye kwabonakala kuyindlela yokuphila ezuzisayo neyanelisayo ngokomoya kwabanye.—Mathewu 19:12.
[Umthombo Wesithombe ekhasini 16]
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