Ukubhekana Nenselele

EMINYAKENI edlule kuye kwahlongozwa izindlela eziningana zokwelapha i-ADHD. Ezinye kulezi ziye zagxila ekudleni. Nokho, okunye ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi izithasiselo zokudla ngokuvamile azibangeli ukungahlaliseki nokuthi ngokuvamile amakhambi okudla awaphumeleli. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-ADHD imithi yokwelapha, ukulungiswa kokuziphatha, nokuqeqesha ngokunikeza ulwazi.a

Imithi yokwelapha. Njengoba ngokusobala i-ADHD ihilela ukungasebenzi kahle kobuchopho, imithi yokubuyisela ukulingana kwamakhemikhali okufanele iye yaba usizo kwabaningi.b Nokho, imithi yokwelapha ayithathi indawo yokufunda. Imane isize umntwana ukuba agxilise ingqondo, imnikeze isisekelo angafundela kuso amakhono amasha.

Abantu abadala abaningi abane-ADHD nabo baye basizwa imithi yokwelapha. Nokho, sifanelekile isixwayiso—entsheni nakubantu abadala—njengoba eminye imithi enikeza amandla esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-ADHD ingaba eluthayo.

Ukulungiswa kokuziphatha. Ukuthi umntwana une-ADHD akubakhululi abazali esibophweni sokumyala. Nakuba umntwana engase abe nezidingo ezikhethekile kulendaba, iBhayibheli liyala abazali: “Khulisa umntwana ngendlela eyakuba-ngeyakhe; kuyakuthi lapho esekhulile, angasuki kuyo.” (IzAga 22:6) Encwadini yakhe ethi Your Hyperactive Child, uBarbara Ingersoll uyaphawula: “Umzali omane ayeke umntanakhe ‘azenzele into ayithandayo’ akamsizi ngalutho lowo mntwana. Njenganoma yimuphi omunye umntwana, umntwana ongahlaliseki udinga ukuyalwa njalo okuhambisana nokumhlonipha njengomuntu. Lokhu kusho ukubeka imingcele ecacile nemivuzo nezijeziso ezifanele.”

Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba abazali babe nokuhleleka okuqinile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kube nesandla esiqinile ngemisebenzi eyinsakavukela yansuku zonke. Abazali bangase banikeze umntwana inkululeko ethile ekwenzeni lesi simiso, kuhlanganise nesikhathi somsebenzi wesikole wasekhaya, ukufunda, ukugeza, njalonjalo. Khona-ke silandeleni ngokungaguquki. Qikelelani ukuthi ninamathela esimisweni sansuku zonke. I-Phi Delta Kappan iyaphawula: “Odokotela, izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo, abaphathi bezikole nothisha banesibopho kumntwana nakubazali bakhe sokuchaza ukuthi ukuba ne-ADD noma i-ADHD akuzona izaba zokuthi uzokwenza noma yini ngaphandle kokujeziswa, kodwa kunalokho kusho ukuthi umntwana onalokhu kuphazamiseka angase athole usizo olufanele.”

Ukuqeqesha ngokunikeza ulwazi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa nokusiza umntwana ashintshe umbono wakhe ngaye siqu nangokuphazamiseka anakho. “Abantu abanokuphazamiseka kokugxilisa ingqondo banomuzwa wokuthi ‘babi, bayiziwula, futhi abayilutho’ ngisho noma bekhanga, behlakaniphile futhi benomusa,” kuphawula uDkt. Ronald Goldberg. Ngakho-ke, umntwana one-ADD noma i-ADHD kudingeka abe nombono ofanele ngokufaneleka kwakhe, futhi kudingeka azi ukuthi izinkinga zakhe zokugxilisa ingqondo zingalawulwa. Lokhu kubalulekile ikakhulukazi esikhathini sokuthomba. Ngesikhathi lapho umuntu one-ADHD efinyelela eminyakeni eyeve eshumini nambili, kungenzeka abe esegxekwe kakhulu ontanga yakhe, othisha, izingane zakubo, futhi mhlawumbe ngisho nangabazali. Manje kudingeka abeke imigomo engokoqobo futhi azibheke ngendlela ekahle kunokuba azibheke ngonya.

Izindlela ezingenhla zokwelapha zingasetshenziswa nangabantu abadala abane-ADHD. “Ukulungiswa kokuziphatha kusekelwe ebudaleni,” kubhala uDkt. Goldberg, “kodwa izindlela zokwelapha eziyisisekelo—imithi yokwelapha lapho kufaneleka, ukulungiswa kokuziphatha [nokuqeqesha] ngokunikeza ulwazi—ziseyizindlela eziphumelelayo kukho konke ukuphila.”

Ukusekela

UJohn, uyise wosemusha one-ADHD, uthi kubazali abasesimweni esifanayo: “Funda konke ongakufunda ngalenkinga. Yenza izinqumo ezisekelwe olwazini. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, mthande umntanakho, umenze abe nokuzethemba. Ukuzinyeza kungamlimaza.”

Ukuze umntwana one-ADHD athole ukusekelwa ngokwanele, bobabili abazali kumelwe babambisane. UDkt. Gordon Serfontein ubhala ukuthi umntwana one-ADHD kudingeka “azi ukuthi uyathandwa ekhaya nokuthi uthando luvela othandweni olukhona phakathi kwabazali.” (Omalukeke sizenzele.) Ngokudabukisayo, uthando olunjalo aluboniswa ngaso sonke isikhathi. UDkt. Serfontein uyaqhubeka: “Kuye kwatholakala ukuthi emkhayeni [onomntwana one-ADHD], kukhona ukungezwani nokuwohloka komshado okuphakeme ngaphezu kwasemikhayeni evamile.” Ukuze kunqandwe lokhu kungezwani, ubaba kumelwe abe nendima ebalulekile ekukhuliseni umntwana one-ADHD. Umthwalo wemfanelo akufanele ubekwe ngokuyinhloko kumama.—Efesu 6:4; 1 Petru 3:7.

Nakuba bengeyona ingxenye yomkhaya, abangane abaseduze bangaba usizo kakhulu. Kanjani? “Yiba nomusa,” kusho uJohn, ocashunwe ekuqaleni. “Bheka okungalé kwalokho okubonayo. Mjwayele umntwana. Khuluma nabazali futhi. Baphila kanjani? Babhekana naziphi izingqinamba usuku nosuku?”—IzAga 17:17.

Amalungu ebandla lobuKristu angenza lukhulu ekusekeleni umntwana one-ADHD nabazali bakhe. Kanjani? Ngokuba abacabangelayo kulokho abakulindele. (Filipi 4:5) Ngezinye izikhathi, umntwana one-ADHD angaba ophazamisayo. Esikhundleni sokuphawula ngokungenaluzwela ukuthi, “Kungani ningamkhuzi umntwana wenu?” noma “Kungani ningamane nimshaye?” enikanye naye okholweni onokuqonda uyoqaphela ukuthi abazali kungenzeka kakade bakhungathekile ngenxa yemithwalo yansuku zonke yokukhulisa umntwana one-ADHD. Yiqiniso, abazali kufanele benze okusemandleni ukuze banqande umntwana angaphazamisi. Noma kunjalo, esikhundleni sokubhavumula ngokucasuka, labo abahlobene nabo okholweni kufanele balwele ukubonisa “ukuzwelana” nabo futhi ‘bababusise.’ (1 Petru 3:8, 9) Ngempela, ngokuvamile uNkulunkulu ‘ududuza labo abadangele’ ngabantu abanesihawu abakholwa kanye nabo.—2 Korinte 7:5-7.

Abafundi beBhayibheli bayaqaphela ukuthi konke ukungapheleli kwabantu, kuhlanganise nokukhubazeka ekufundeni ne-ADHD, kuye kwazuzwa njengefa kumuntu wokuqala, u-Adamu. (Roma 5:12) Futhi bayazi ukuthi uMdali, uJehova, uyogcwalisa isithembiso sakhe sokuletha izwe elisha elinokulunga lapho izifo ezicindezelayo zingeke zisaba khona. (Isaya 33:24; IsAmbulo 21:1-4) Lesi siqinisekiso siyisisekelo sethemba kulabo abaphethwe ukuphazamiseka okunjalo njenge-ADHD. UJohn uthi: “Ukukhula, ukuqeqeshwa, nokuhlangenwe nakho kusiza indodana yethu ukuba iqonde futhi ilawule lokhu kuphazamiseka kwayo. Kodwa akasoze elapheke ngokuphelele kulesi simiso sezinto. Into esiduduza nsuku zonke ukuthi ezweni elisha, uJehova uyolungisa ukuphazamiseka kwendodana yethu futhi ayenze ikwazi ukujabulela ukuphila ngokugcwele.”

[Imibhalo yaphansi]

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Isixwayiso Kubazali

CISHE bonke abantwana ngezikhathi ezithile abakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo, banamawala futhi abahlaliseki. Ukuba khona kwalezi zici akubonisi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuba khona kwe-ADHD. Encwadini yakhe ethi Before It’s Too Late, uDkt. Stanton E. Samenow uyaphawula: “Ngiye ngabona izimo eziningi lapho umntwana ongafuni ukwenza okuthile eyekwa ngoba kucatshangwa ukuthi ukhubazekile noma unesifo esithile esingelona iphutha lakhe.”

UDkt. Richard Bromfield naye ubona isidingo sokuqapha. Uyabhala: “Ngokuqinisekile, abanye abantu okutholakala ukuthi bane-ADHD baphazamisekile ngokwezinzwa futhi kudingeka belashwe ngemithi. Kodwa futhi lokhu kuphazamiseka kuthiwa yikhona okuyimbangela yakho konke ukuxhaphaza, ubuzenzisi, ukunganaki nezinye izinkinga zomphakathi ngokuvamile ezingahlobene nakancane ne-ADHD. Eqinisweni, ukuntuleka kwezindinganiso emphakathini wanamuhla—ubudlova obungakhethi, ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa, amakhaya angenasiqondiso futhi anezingxabano—ngokunokwenzeka kungabangela ukungahlaliseki okunjengokubangelwa yi-ADHD ngaphezu kwanoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kwezinzwa.”

Ngakho uDkt. Ronald Goldberg unesizathu esihle sokuxwayisa ngokusebenzisa i-ADHD “njengezaba.” Iseluleko sakhe siwukuthi “kuqikelelwe ukuthi kuxilongwa ngokugcwele ngangokunokwenzeka.” Izimpawu ezifana neze-ADHD zingase zibe yisibonakaliso sanoma yiyiphi ezinkingeni eziningi ezingokomzimba noma ezingokomzwelo. Ngakho-ke usizo lukadokotela onokuhlangenwe nakho lubalulekile ekuxilongeni ngokunembile.

Ngisho noma ukuxilonga sekwenziwe, abazali bayokwenza kahle uma behlola ubuhle nobubi bemithi yokwelapha. I-Ritalin ingaziqeda izimpawu ezingathandeki, kodwa futhi ingaba nemiphumela emibi, njengokuqwasha, ukukhathazeka ngokwengeziwe nokushaywa uvalo. Ngakho, uDkt. Richard Bromfield uxwayisa ngokuthi ungasheshi usebenzise imithi yokwelapha ukuze nje uqede izimpawu umntanakho anazo. Uthi: “Abantwana nabantu abadala abaningi banikezwa i-Ritalin ngokungafanele. Ngokolwazi lwami, ukusetshenziswa kwe-Ritalin kubonakala kuxhomeke kakhulu ekhonweni labazali nothisha lokubekezelela ukuziphatha kwabantwana. Ngazi abantwana abaye bayinikezwa ukuze bazole kunokuba kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zabo.”

Ngakho-ke abazali akufanele basheshe bathi abantwana babo bane-ADHD noma banokukhubazeka ekufundeni. Kunalokho, kufanele bahlolisise ubufakazi ngosizo lukachwepheshe. Uma kutholakala ukuthi umntwana unokukhubazeka ekufundeni noma i-ADHD, abazali kufanele bazinikeze ithuba lokuba nolwazi olugcwele ngalenkinga ukuze bathathe izinyathelo ezizosiza abantwana babo.

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Umntwana one-ADHD udinga ukuyalwa njalo kodwa ngomusa

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Ukutusa komzali kuwusizo kakhulu