VaKristu Namapoka echiHindu

YAKANYORAWA NOMUNYORI WEMUKAI! MUINDIA

CHII chinouya mundangariro apo unonzwa kutaura kwokuti “tsika yemapoka echiHindu”? Zvimwe unofunga India nemamiriyoni awo asina boka rechiHindu—asina maturo. Kunyange zvazvo tsika yemapoka echiHindu iri rutivi rworudzidziso rwechiHindu, vavandudzi vechiHindu vakarwisa kuparadza tapuro dzayakava nadzo pamapoka echiHindu akaderera uye nemapoka asina maturo. Mukurangarira izvi, waizotii kana waizonzwa nezvetsika yemapoka echiHindu iri kuitwa kunyange mumachechi anoti ndeechiKristu?

Anogona Kuva Mavambo Etsika Yemapoka echiHindu muIndia

Kukamukana kwevanhu kuva mapoka enzanga umo vamwe vanonzwa vakakwirira kupfuura vamwe hakusi kuIndia bedzi. Makondinendi ose akaona rusarura rwemapoka neimwe nzira. Chakaita kuti tsika yamapoka echiHindu eIndia ive yakasiyana ndechokuti kwemakore 3 000 apfuura, muitiro wokukunda kwenzanga wakabatanidzwa murudzidziso.

Kunyange zvazvo mavambo etsika yemapoka echiHindu asinganyatsozivikanwi, zvimwe zviremera zvinoti yakavamba papepuko yekare yeIndus Valley muPakistan yazvino. Kuchera matongo kunenge kunoratidzira kuti vakatanga kugaramo vakazokurirwa gare gare nemarudzi aibva kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumavirira, mukunowanzonzi “kutamba kwevaAryan.” Mubhuku rake rinozi The Discovery of India, Jawaharlal Nehru anoti nezvekuti “kusangana kukurusa kwokutanga nokuvhengana kwetsika,” makabuda “marudzi echiIndia netsika dzose zvadzo dzechiIndia.” Uku kusangana, zvisinei hakuna kuguma nokuenzana kwemarudzi.

The Encyclopædia Britannica inoti: “vechiHindu ndivo vakaparira kuwedzera kwemapoka echiHindu (jātis, sezvariri rinoreva ‘kubereka’) kupfurikidza nemapoka mana akaramba achikamukana, kana kuti varnas, nemhaka yokuroorana kwemarudzi (uko kunorambidzwa mutsika dzavaHindu mudharma. Vavambi vedzidziso vazvino uno, zvisinei, vanenge vanofungidzira kuti mapoka echiHindu akabuda mukusawirirana mumiitiro yetsika, misiyano yemarudzi, uye musiyano mumabasa nomuruzivo rwebasa. Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzazvino hadzinawo chokwadi kana tsika yevarna yakanga isingori dzidziso inokosha yorudzidziso nenzanga uye dzakasimbisa kuti kukamukana kwenzanga yechiHindu kwakaoma kunzwisisa zvikuru kuva mapoka echiHindu 3 000 nemapoka echiHindu maduku zvimwe kwakavamba kare.”

Kwenguva yakati kuroodzana kwaitika pakati pemapoka, uye rusaruro rwaimbovapo nemhaka yeruvara rweganda rwakava rushoma. Mitemo yakaoma inodzora boka rechiHindu yakazovamba murudzidziso gare gare, yakanyorwa mumagwaro eVedas uye Mutemo (kana kuti Mirayiro) yaManu, uzivi hwechiHindu. VaBrahman vakadzidzisa kuti mapoka echiHindu apamusoro akaberekwa norucheno rwaiasiyanisa nemapoka echiHindu akaderera. Vaipinza muvaSudras, kana kuti avo vemapoka echiHindu akaderera, rudaviro rwokuti mabasa avo akaderera akanga ari chirango chakabva kunaMwari nokuda kwamabasa akaipa akaitwa munguva dzavaimbovapo uye kuti kuedza kupi nokupi kuputsa muganhu worudzidziso kwaizovaita boka risina maturo. Kuroodzana, kudya pamwe chete, kushandisa manyuko mamwe chete emvura, kana kuti kupinda mutemberi imwe chete nevaSudra kwaigona kuita kuti munhu weboka rechiHindu rapamusoro ave asina maturo.

Chimiro Cheboka rechiHindu Munguva Dzazvino

Pashure pokuwana kuzvimirira muna 1947, hurumende yenyika yeIndia yakagadzira bumbiro romutemo rakaita kuti rusaruro rwemapoka echiHindu ive mhaka youtsotsi. Ichiziva nezvemazana emakore okudzvinyirirwa kwemapoka evaHindu akaderera, hurumende yakaita mutemo pamusoro pokuchengetedza nzvimbo dzehurumende nenzvimbo dzakasarudzwa nezvigarowo mumasangano edzidzo, nokuda kwemapoka echiHindu akarongwa nemarudzi.a Shoko rinoshandiswa nokuda kwemapoka iwawa echiHindu ndi“Dalit,” rinoreva “kupwanywa, kutsikirirwa pasi.” Asi musoro mukuru wepepanhau remisi ichangobva kupfuura wakati: “VaKristu veDalit Vanorayira Kuchengetwa [kwebasa uye mugove weyunivhesiti].” Zvakasvika pakudai sei?

Betsero huru dzehurumende dzinopiwa mapoka akaderera evaHindu dzakavakirwa pakuti vakatambura kubatwa zvisina kufanira nemhaka yetsika yemapoka echiHindu. Naizvozvo kwakafungwa kuti marudzidziso asina kuita zvetsika yemapoka echiHindu haagoni kukarira betsero idzi. Zvisinei, nemhaka yokuti vakanga vari vatendeuki veboka rakaderera, ngatitii vaKristu veDalit, kana kuti vasina maturo, ivowo vari kuitirwa rusaruro, kwete bedzi nevaHindu asiwo neva‘mwe vaKristu vavo.’ Ichokwadi here ichi?

Vafundisi vechiKristudhomu Nemapoka echiHindu

VaHindu vakawanda vakatendeutswa navafundisi vePortugal, France, uye veBritain, vose vari vaviri vaKaturike navaPurotesitendi, munguva dzokutongwa novokumwe. Vanhu vemapoka echiHindu ose vakava vaKristu vezita, vamwe vaparidzi vachikwezva vaBrahman, vamwe Vasina Maturo. Mufambiro nedzidziso zvavafundisi zvakatapura sei rudaviro rwemapoka echiHindu rwakasimba zvikuru mundangariro.

Pamusoro pevokuBritain vari muIndia, munyori Nirad Chaudhuri anotaura kuti mumachechi “Ungano yechiIndia yaisagona kugara pamwe nevokuEurope. Kurangarira rumwe rudzi serwakakwirira apo kutonga hwechiBritish kwakanga kwakavakirwa hakuna kuvanzwa nechiKristu.” Achiratidza murangariro wakafanana, muna 1894 mumwe mufundisi akashuma kuBoard of Foreign Missions reUnited States kuti kutendeutsa vanhu vemapoka echiHindu akaderera kwaiva “kuunganidzira marara muChechi.”

Nenzira yakajeka, kunzwa kwokuva akakwirira serudzi kwevafundisi vepakuvamba uye kusangana kwemufungo wevaBrahman nedzidziso dzechechi ndiko kwakaparira zvikurukuru kuti tsika yemapoka echiHindu kushandiswa pachena nevakawanda vanonzi vaKristu muIndia.

Boka rechiHindu Mumachechi Nhasi

Bishopi Mukuru weKaturike George Zur, paakanga achikurukura paMusangano weMabhishopi eKaturike eIndia muna 1991, akati: “Vatendeuki vemapoka echiHindu akarongwa vanobatwa samapoka echiHindu akaderera kwete bedzi namapoka echiHindu akakwirira asi nemapoka apamusoro echiKristuwo. . . . Nzvimbo dzakaparadzana dzakasiiwa nokuda kwavo mumachechi emuruwa rwomufundisi nemunzvimbo dzamakuva. Roorano dzepakati pemapoka echiHindu dzinozvidzwa . . . Tsika yeMapoka echiHindu yakazara pakati pevafundisi.”

Bhishopi M. Azaria weChechi yeSouth India, Chechi yeUnited Protestant, akanyora mubhuku rake rinonzi The Un-Christian Side of the Indian Church: “VaKristu veMapoka echiHindu akarongwa (Dalit) nokudaro vanobatwa norusarura nokudzvinyirirwa navamwe vaKristu vavo vari mumachechi akasiyana-siyana kwete nemhaka yavo pachavo asi nemhaka yezvavakaberekwa vari, kunyange apo vanova vaKristu vechizvarwa chechipiri, chechitatu kana kuti chechina. VaKristu vemapoka echiHindu apamusoro vashomanene muChechi yacho vanoita rusaruro rwavo rwemapoka echiHindu kunyange pashure pezvizvarwa, vasingatapurwi nechitendero chechiKristu nemiitiro.”

Kunzvera kwehurumende zvinetso zvemapoka akasarira shure muIndia, kunozivikanwa seMandal Commission, kwakawana kuti vanozviti vaKristu vari muKerala vakakamukana “mukuva mapoka akawanda erudzi pahwaro hwemamiriro avo ezvinhu ekare. . . . Kunyange pashure pokutendeuka, vatendeuki vemapoka echiHindu akaderera vakapfuurira kubatwa savaHarijanb . . . Mitezo yeSyria nePulaya yeChechi imwe inoita mitambo yorudzidziso muzvivako zvakaparadzana.”

Mushumo wenhau weIndian Express muna August1996 wakati nezvevaKristu veDalit: “MuTamil Nadu vanogara vakaparadzaniswa nemapoka echiHindu apamusoro. MuKerala, mune zvikurukuru vashandi vasina minda, uye vanoshandira vaKristu vechiSyria nevamwe vemapoka echiHindu apamusoro vane minda. Hapana zvokudya pamwe chete kana kuti kuroodzana pakati pevaDalit navaKristu vechiSyria. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, vaDalit vanonamatira mumachechi avo, anonzi ‘chechi yePulaya’ kana kuti ‘chechi yeParaya.’” Aya mazita emapoka echiHindu maduku. Zita rechiNgezi ra“paraya” ndi“pariah.”

Zviitiko Zvekusagutsikana

Mapoka evanosimudzira vanhuwo zvavo, akadai seFACE (Forum Against Christian Exploitation), ari kutsvaka betsero yehurumende nokuda kwavaKristu veDalit. Zviri kuitirwa hanya zvikuru rubatsiro rwezvemari nokuda kwavatendeuki vechiKristu. Vamwe, zvisinei, vanoitira hanya mabatirwe emuchechi. Mutsamba yakanyorerwa Pope John Paul II, vanenge vakanyora vacho 120 vakati “vakagamuchira chiKristu kuti vasunungurwe kubva mutsika yemapoka echiHindu” asi kuti havabvumirwi kupinda muchechi yomumusha kana kuti kugoverana muminamato. Vakamanikidzwa kuvaka dzimba dzakatevedza mugwagwa mumwe umo musina vaKristu vemapoka echiHindu apamusoro—uye hapana mupristi weruwa—anombotsikamo! Mudzimai weKaturike aitambura zvakafanana akati: “Zvirokwazvo zvinokosha kwandiri kuti mwanakomana wangu afunde pakoreji yakanaka. Asi zvinokosha zvikuru kuti arangarirwe seakafanana neva[Katurike] vaanonamata navo.”

Nepo vamwe vari kuedza kunatsiridza mugariro wevaKristu veDalit, vazhinji vari kupererwa neshiviriro. Masangano akadai seVishwa Hindu Parishad (World Hindu Organization) ari kuedza kudzorera vatendeuki vechiKristu kuchiHindu. Indian Express yakashuma nezvemutambo wakapindwa nevanhu 10 000, umo mhuri dzechiKristu dzinopfuura 600 dzakadaro dzakagamuchirazve chiHindu.

Nzira yechiKristu Yechokwadi

Kudai vafundisi vemasangano emachechi vakadzidzisa dzidziso dzaKristu dzakavakirwa parudo, pangadai pasina “vaKristu veBrahman,” pasina “vaKristu veDalit,” pasina “vaKristu veParaya.” (Mateo 22:37-40) Pangadai pasina machechi akaparadzana evaDalit uye pasina kuparadzana pazvokudya. Ndeipi dzidziso yeBhaibheri iyi inokurira misiyano yemapoka?

“Nokuti Jehovha Mwari wenyu ndiMwari wavamwari . . . , usingatsauri vanhu, kana kugamuchira mubayiro.”—Dheuteromnomio 10:17.

“Zvino ndinokumbira zvikuru kwamuri, hama dzangu, nezita raShe Wedu, Jesu Kristu, kuti imi mose mutaure chinhu chimwe, kuti pakati penyu parege kuva nokupesana; asi kuti musonganiswe zvakanaka pamurangariro mumwe nokufunga kumwe.”—1 VaKorinte 1:10.

“Vose vachaziva naizvozvi kuti muri vadzidzi vangu kana mune rudo pakati penyu.”—Johane 13:35.

Bhaibheri rinodzidzisa kuti Mwari akaita rudzi rwose rwomunhu ruchibva kumunhu mumwe. Rinotaurawo kuti vazukuru vose vomunhu mumwe iyeye vanofanira ‘kutsvaka Mwari vamuwane, kunyange zvazvo asiri kure nomumwe nomumwe wedu.’—Mabasa 17:26, 27.

Apo misiyano yemapoka yakavamba kupinda muungano yechiKristu yapakuvamba, munyori Jakobho, achifuridzirwa, akaishora zvakasimba. Iye akati: “Ko hamuna kutsaura mumwoyo menyu, mukava vatongi vane mifungo yakaipa here?” (Jakobho 2:1-4) Dzidziso yechokwadi yechiKristu haibvumiri kuita kupi nokupi kwakati kwetsika yemapoka echiHindu.

Kudikanwa Kwokufunga Nokuda Kwenyika Itsva

Mamirioni eZvapupu zvaJehovha ave achidisa kuchinja zvaichimbova zvitendero zvawo nomufambiro zvakadzidzwa mumarudzidziso akawanda akasiyana-siyana. Dzidziso dzeBhaibheri dzakabvisa mumwoyo yavo nendangariro kufunga kuti vakakwirira kana kuti havana maturo, pasinei nokuti izvi zvakanga zvakavakirwa pakukunda mukupamba, rudzi, rusaruraganda, kana kuti tsika yemapoka echiHindu. (VaRoma 12:1, 2) Vane kunzwisisa kwakajeka kwechinonzi neBhaibheri “Nyika itsva,” umo “muchagara kururama mazviri.” Ikariro yakaisvonaka zvakadini nokuda kwemapoka epasi ari kutambura!—2 Petro 3:13.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Mashoko okukwezva vaverengi/Mufananidzo uri papeji 19]

“Mwari haazi mutsauri wavanhu, asi parudzi rupi norupi, munhu, unomutya achiita zvakarurama, unogamuchirwa naye.”—Mabasa 10:34, 35

[Bhokisi/Mufananidzo uri papeji 17]

Zvinoita Sei?

Hongu, zvinoita sei kubatwa seboka risina maturo nevanhu vanozviti vaKristu? Mumwe muKristu, ane vanateteguru vakanga vatendeutswa kubva kuboka rechiHindu rinonzi Cheramar kana kuti Pulaya, anorondedzera chiitiko chakaitika munyika yokumusha kwake yeKerala makore akati apfuura:

Ndakakokwa kumuchato uko vakakokwa vakati kuti vaivapo vaiva mitezo yechechi. Apo ivava vakandiona pamuchato wacho, zvakaparira mheremhere, uye avo vaibva kuChechi yeSyrian Orthodox vakati vaisazogara pamuchato wacho kutoti ndaizobva, sezvo vaisazogoverana zvokudya nomupalayan. Apo baba vomwenga vakaramba kubvumirana pane zvavaida, ivo vakaramwa muchato wacho seboka. Pashure pokunge vaenda, zvokudya zvakagoverwa. Asi avo vaigovera zvokudya patafura vakaramba kubvisa ndiro yandakadyira uye kuchenesa tafura yandakadyira.

[Mufanandizo]

Chechi yomuenzaniso iri muSouth India, uko bedzi mapoka echiHindu akaderera anosangana