“Terama Uteerere!”
Kugara neAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
“Nguva dzose, Jim akanga ataura kuti Cal akangoregererwa uye kuti kana isu—kureva ini—ndaizomururamisa aizoita zvakanaka. Zvino kwakanga kune uyu chiremba aitiudza kuti yakanga isiri mhosva yangu, yakanga isiri mhosva yedu, yakanga isiri mhosva yavadzidzisi vaCal: chimwe chinhu chakanga chisina kururama chaizvoizvo nekakomana kedu.
CAL ane Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), mumiriro wezvinhu unoratidzirwa nokusapa ngwariro, kuva nemawara, uye kusadzikama. Hosha yacho inofungidzirwa kuva inotapura 3 kusvika ku5 muzana yevana vose vezera rokuchikoro. “Ndangariro dzavo dzakafanana neTV dzine zvinosarudza nhepfenyuro zvakafa,” inodaro nyanzvi yezvokudzidza Priscilla L. Vail. “Pfungwa imwe inotungamirira kune imwe, pasina chinorongwa kana kuti mufambiro une nhevedzano.”
Ngatirangarirei muchidimbu zviratidzo zvikuru zvitatu zveADHD.
Kusateerera: Mwana ane ADHD haagoni kurega udzame husingakoshi ndokupa ngwariro pamusoro wenyaya mumwe. Nokudaro, anotsauswa nyore nyore nezvaanoona panze, ruzha, uye munhuwi. Ari kuteerera, asi hapana chinhu chimwe mumhoteredzo yake chinobata ngwariro yake. Haagoni kusarudza kuti chinhu chipi chakafanirwa nengwariro yake huru.
Mawara: Mwana ane ADHD anoita asati afunga, asingarangariri migumisiro yacho. Anoratidza kutadza kuronga nokufunga, uye padzimwe nguva zviito zvake zvine ngozi. “Anomhanyira mumugwagwa, pamadziro, anokwira mumuti,” anonyora kudaro Dr. Paul Wender. “Somugumisiro anowana maronda akawanda, kusvuuka, mavanga, uye nzendo dzokuenda kwachiremba zvisiri madikanwa.”
Kungwarisa: Vana vakangwarisa vanogara vachingobata-bata. Havagoni kugara vakaterama. “Kunyange apo vanenge vakura,” Dr. Gordon Serfontein anonyora kudaro mubhuku rake rinonzi The Hidden Handicap, “kucherekedza kwokungwarira kucharatidza rudzi rwakati rwokufamba kunopfuurira kunobatanidza makumbo, tsoka, maoko, miromo kana kuti rurimi.”
Bva, vamwe vana vasingateereri uye vane mawara havana kungwarisa. Chirwere chavo pane dzimwe nguva inongova Attention Deficit Disorder, kana kuti ADD. Dr. Ronald Goldberg anotsanangura kuti ADD “inogona kuitika pasina kusatongodzikama kupi nokupi. Kana kuti kunogona kuitika nomwero upi nouipi wokusadzikama—kubva kune usingatongooneki, kusvika kunounotoshatirisa, kusvikira kune unotopedza simba.”
Chii Chinoparira ADHD?
Kwemakore apfuura, zvinetso zvokuteerera zvave zvichishorwa pachinhu chiri chose kubva kukurera kusvikira kukuvheneka kwechiedza. Kunofungwa zvino kuti ADHD yakabatanidzwa nekuvhiringidzika mumabasa akati endangariro. Muna 1990 National Institute of Mental Health yakaedza vakura 25 vaive nezviratidzo zveADHD ndokuwana kuti vaiseredza glucose nokunonoka zvikuru munharaunda dzimene dzeuropi dzinodzora kufamba nokuteerera. Muinenge 40 muzana yevarwere vane ADHD, mavara okugara nhaka omunhu anoratidzika seanoita rutivi. Maererano neThe Hyperactive Child Book, zvimwe zvinhu zvingabatanidzwa neADHD kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka kana kuti mirimo namai vane nhumbu, kukuvadzwa nechepfu yelead, uye, mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvokudya.
Muyaruki Neakura Vane ADHD
Mumakore mashoma apfuura vanachiremba vakawana kuti ADHD hausati uri mumiriro wezvinhu wouhwana chete. “Chaizvoizvo,” anodaro Dr. Larry Silver, “vabereki vanouya nemwana kuzorapwa voti, ‘ndaive zvimwe chetezvo apo ndaiva mwana.’ Ipapo vanobvuma kuti vachine zvinetso zvokumirira mumutsetse, kuterama mumisangano, kupedza zvinhu.” Kunodavirwa zvino kuti inenge hafu yevana vose vane ADHD inopfuurira nezvimwe zvezviratidzo zvavo kupinda mukuyaruka nokuva munhu akura.
Mukati mokuyaruka, avo vane ADHD vangagona kuchinja kubva kumufambiro une ngozi kuenda kukusindimara. “Ndaiwanzonetseka nokuti aisazopinda mukoreji,” vanodaro mai vomuyaruki ane ADHD. “Zvino ndinongonyengeterera kuti asapinda mujere.” Kuti kutya kwakadaro kungava kwakanaka kunoratidzwa nenzvero yaienzanisa pwere 103 dzisina kudzikama neboka rokuenzanisa naro revana vanenge 100 vakanga vasina hosha yacho. “Pavakasvika zera remakore ekuma20 apakuvamba,” inoshuma kudaro Newsweek, “vana vomuboka revasina kudzikama vakanga vane bviro yokuva nezvinyorwa zvokusungwa yakapetwa kaviri, bviro yakapetwa kashanu yokuva nemhosva inotongerwa rufu uye bviro yakapetwa kapfumbamwe yokuva vakabatira kwenguva yakati vari mutorongo.”
Nokuda kweakura, ADHD inoparira rudzi chairwo rwezvinetso. Dr. Edna Copeland anoti: “Mukomana asina kudzikama angakura kuva akura anogarochinja mabasa, anogara achidzingwa basa, anopedza zuva rose achiita zvisina maturo uye haazorori.” Apo chinoparira chinenge chisinganzwisiswi, izvi zviratidzo zvinogona kuremedza roorano. “Mukurukurirano dziri nyore,” anodaro mudzimai wemurume ane ADHD, “aisanzwa kunyange chinhu chiri chose chandaitaura. Kwakanga kwakaita sokunge kuti aingogara asipo.”
Chokwadika, mavara aya anozivikanwa navose kuvanhu vazhinji—kunenge kusvika kumwero wakati. “Unofanira kubvunza kana zviratidzo zvacho zvakagara zviripo,” anodaro Dr. George Dorry. Somuenzaniso, anotaura kuti kana murume ave achikanganwa chibviro bedzi chokunge arasikirwa nebasa rake kana kuti chibviro chokusununguka mwana kwemudzimai wake, iyoyo haisi hosha.
Kupfuurirazve, kana munhu zvirokwazvo ane ADHD, zviratidzo zvacho zvinopararira—ndiko kuti, zvinotapura runenge rutivi rwuri rwose rwoupenyu hwomunhu wacho. Ndozvakwakanga kwakaita naGary ane makore 38 okukura, murume akangwara, ane simba aisaratidzika seaipedza basa rimwe asina kutsauswa. Akatoshanda pamabasa anopfuura 120. “Ndakanga ndangobvuma idi rokuti ndaisagona kubudirira chose chose,” iye akadaro. Asi Gary nevamwe vazhinji—vana, vayaruki, uye vakura—vakabetserwa kugonana neADHD. Sei?