Mafashamo Asingakanganwiki
ANENGE makore 4 300 apfuura, boporodzi rine ngwavaira rakafukidza pasi. Muchiito chimwe chikuru, iro rakaparadza chose chose chinenge chinhu chipenyu chiri chose. Rakanga riri roukuru hwakadaro zvokuti rakasiya pesvedzero isingadzimiki parudzi rwomunhu, uye chizvarwa chimwe nechimwe chakapfuudza nhau yacho kuchinotevera.
Makore 850 pashure paMafashamo, munyori wechiHebheru Mosesi akanyora nhauro yeBoporodzi rapasi rose. Yakachengetwa mubhuku reBhaibheri raGenesi, matinogona kurava udzame hwakajeka Gen. muganhuro 6 kusvikira ku 8.
Nhauro yeBhaibheri yaMafashamo
Genesi anopa uhwu udzame, sezvinooneka uhwo hwechapupu chakaona: “Pagore ramazana matanhatu roupenyu hwaNoa, nomwedzi wechipiri, nezuva regumi namanomwe romwedzi, nezuva irero matsime ose apakadzika-dzika akadziurwa, namawindi edenga akazarurwa. Mvura zhinji ikavapo panyika mazuva ana makumi mana; mvura ikawanda, ikasimudza areka, ikakwiridzirwa pamusoro penyika. Mvura ikakwirira kwazvo kwazvo panyika, makomo marefu ose pasi pedenga rose akafukidzwa.”—Genesi 7:11, 17, 19.
Pamusoro pomuuyo waMafashamo pazvinhu zvipenyu, Bhaibheri rinoti: “Zvipenyu zvose zvaifamba panyika zvikafa, zvaiti, shiri, nezvipfuwo, nemhuka, nezvinokambaira, zvose zvaikambaira panyika, navanhu vose.” Zvisinei, Noa navamwe vanhu vanomwe vakapona, pamwe chete norudzi rwechikara chiri chose, chisikwa chinobhururuka, uye chinhu chinofamba pasi. (Genesi 7:21, 23) Zvose zvakanga zvachengetwa muareka hombe inoyangaruka iyo yakanga yakareba mamita anenge 133, mamita 22 kufara, uye mamita 13 kukwira mudenga. Sezvo mabasa bedzi eareka akanga ari okuti isapinde mvura uye kuti irambe ichiyangaruka, yakanga isina pasi pakatenderera, muromo wakapinza, mutoo wokukwasva, kana kuti shongedzero yokufambisa. Areka yaNoa yaingova zvayo chinhu chirefu chine mativi mana, chakafanana nebhokisi.
Mwedzi mishanu pashure pokunge Boporodzi ravamba, areka yakagara pamakomo eArarati, ari muTurkey yokumabvazuva yomuzuva razvino. Noa nemhuri yake vakabuda muareka panyika yakaoma gore rimwe pashure pokunge Mafashamo atanga ndokuvamba patsva muitiro wenguva dzose woupenyu. (Genesi 8:14-19) Pashure penguva yakati, rudzi rwomunhu rwakanga rwawanda zvakakwana zvokuvamba kuvaka guta reBhabheri neshongwe yaro ine mukurumbira wakaipa pedyo noRwizi rwaYufratesi. Vachibva ipapo vanhu vakaparadzirwa pashoma napashoma vachienda kumativi ose apasi apo Mwari akanyonganisa mutauro worudzi rwomunhu. (Genesi 11:1-9) Asi chii chakaitika kuareka?
Kutsvaka Areka
Chifo chezana ramakore rechi 19, kwave kune kuedza kwakawanda kwokuwana areka pamakomo eArarati. Aya makomo ane urengarenga huviri hwakatanhamara, humwe hwakareba makiromita 5 165 uye humwe hwacho mamita 3 914. Hwakareba zvikuru hwohuviri hunofukidzwa nguva dzose nesinou. Nemhaka yechinjo dzomugariro wokunze idzo dzakatevera Mafashamo, areka yaizokurumidza kuva yakafukidzwa nesinou. Vamwe vaongorori vanodavira zvakasimba kuti areka ichiripo, yakavigwa pasi murwizi rweaizi. Ivo vanotaura kuti kwave kune nhambo apo aizi yakanyunguruka zvakakwana kubvumidza rutivi rweareka kuratidzirwa kwechinguvana.
Bhuku rinonzi In Search of Noah’s Ark rinonokora mashoko George Hagopian, muArmenia, uyo akataura kuti akakwira Gomo reArarati ndokuona areka muna 1902 uye zvakare muna 1904. Pashanyo yokutanga, iye akati, iye akakwira zvomenemene pamusoro peareka. “Ndakamira ndakati twasu ndokutarira-tarira mungarava macho mose. Yakanga iri refu. Kukwira mudenga kwakanga kuri [mamita anenge gumi namaviri].” Pamusoro pecherechedzo yake pashanyo yake yakatevera, iye akati: “Handina kuona makona chaiwoiwo api naapi. Yakanga isina kufanana nerimwe igwa ripi neripi randati ndamboona. Yakaratidzika kuva yakafanana zvikuru neigwa rine pasi pakati sandara.”
Kuvambira muna 1952 kusvikira kuna 1969, Fernand Navarra akaita nhamburiko ina dzokuwana ufakazi hweareka. Parwendo rwake rwechitatu kuGomo reArarati, iye akasvika pasi pomukana murwizi rweaizi, apo akawana chidimbu chomuti mutema chakamanikwa muaizi. “Chinofanira kuva chaiva chirefu zvikuru,” iye akadaro, “uye zvichida chichiri chakabatanidzwa namamwe mativi edandira rengarava. Ndaingogona bedzi kucheka ndichitevedza nyama yomuti kutozosvikira ndatsemura chidimbu chakareba [mamita anenge 1,5].”
Purofesa Richard Bliss, imwe yenyanzvi dzinoverengeka dzakaongorora muti wacho, akati: “Muti waNavarra ibango uye rakazadzwa nebhitumini. Une makabatana memotisi netenoni. Uye wakachekwa chaizvoizvo noruoko ndokuitwa uve namativi mana.” Zera rinofungidzirwa romuti wacho rakaiswa paanenge makore ane zviuru zvina kana kuti zvishanu.
Kunyange zvazvo nhamburiko dzakaitwa dzokuwana areka paGomo reArarati, chibvumikiso chaichoicho chokuti yakashandiswa kupona boporodzi rine ngwavaira chiripo muchinyorwa chakanyorwa chechinoitika ichocho mubhuku reBhaibheri raGenesi. Simbiso yechinyorwa ichocho inogona kuonwa muchiverengero chikuru chengano dzamafashamo pakati pavanhu vekare munyika yose. Rangarira chipupuriro chavo munyaya inotevera.
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 4, 5]
Areka yaiva noukuru hwokutakura hwakaenzana nohuya hwezvitima 10 zvinotakura zvinhu zvedzinenge motokari 25 dzeAmerica chimwe!