Kuonga Vakadzi Nebasa Ravo

MAKORE ane zviuru zvitatu apfuura, mumwe murume ainzi Remueri akanyora rondedzero inobaya mwoyo yemukadzi anogona basa. Yakanyorwa muBhaibheri pana Zvirevo ganhuro 31. Mukadzi ane runako rwaakarumbidza zvirokwazvo akanga akabatikana. Aitarisira mhuri yake, aitenga nokutengesa pamusika, aitenga nokutengesa minda, aigadzirira mhuri yake mbatya, uye aishanda muminda.

Mukadzi uyu aisarerutswa. ‘Vana vake vanomuti akakomborerwa, uye murume wake anomurumbidza.’ Mudzimai akadaro ipfuma. Bhaibheri rinoti, “Anokosha kupfuura mabwe anokosha.”—Zvirevo 31:10-28, New International Version.

Kubvira munguva yaRemueri, basa revakadzi razova, panzvimbo pezvo, rakaoma zvikuru. Basa ravo romuzana remakore rechi20 kazhinji kazhinji rinoda kuti vave vadzimai, vanamai, vanamukoti, vadzidzisi, vagoveri vezvokudya, uye varimi—zvose panguva imwe chete. Vakadzi vasingaverengeki vanoshanda nokuzvipira kungoti chete mhuri yavo iwane zvokudya zvakaringana. Vakadzi vose ava havafaniriwo kuongwa nokurumbidzwa here?

Vakadzi Sevagoveri Vezvokudya

Nhasi vakadzi vakawanda kupfuura nakare kose vanofanira kushanda kunze kwomusha kuti vabetsere kutsigira mhuri yavo kana kuti ndivo voga vanotsigira mhuri yavo. Bhuku rinonzi Women and the World Economic Crisis rinotaura nezvemushumo wakati: “Basa repamba harisi iro basa bedzi iro vakadzi vanoita. Kune vakadzi vashomanene zvikuru munyika vanogona kutaura kuti vanongova ‘mai vemba chete.’” Uye basa revakadzi hariwanzofadza. Kunyange zvazvo magazini kana kuti mitambo yepaterevhizheni ingaratidza vakadzi vari mumahofisi eumbozha, chokwadi kazhinji kazhinji chakasiyana zvikuru. Voruzhinji zvikuru vevakadzi venyika vanoparapatika kwemaawa akareba kuti vawane zvinhu zvishomanene.

Mazana emamiriyoni evakadzi anoshanda nevhu, kurima zvirimwa, kutarisira mapuroti maduku emhuri, kana kuti kupfuya zvipfuwo. Basa iri—kazhinji rinobhadharwa mari shoma kana kuti kusabhadharwa—rinogovera zvokudya nokuda kwehafu yenyika. “MuAfrica, 70 muzana yezvokudya inorimwa nevakadzi, muAsia nhamba iri pa50-60 muzana uye muLatin America 30 muzana,” rinoshuma kudaro bhuku rinonzi Women and the Environment.

Apo vakadzi vanenge vane basa rinoripirwa mari, kazhinji kazhinji vanowana shoma pane vashandi vechirume, nemhaka bedzi yokuti vakadzi. Rusaruro urwu rwakaoma kugamuchira zvikurukuru kuna mai vanenge vari ivo bedzi mugoveri wezvokudya, basa riri kuramba richiva rakakurumbira zvikuru. Mushumo weSangano Romubatanidzwa Wenyika Dzapasi Pose unofungidzira kuti mhuri dziri pakati pe30 ne50 muzana dzose dzeAfrica, Caribbean, uye Latin America dzinotsamira pamukadzi saiye mugoveri wadzo mukuru. Uye kunyange munyika dzakabudirira zvikuru, nhamba inoramba ichiwedzera yevakadzi yaitofanira kuva mugoveri mukuru.

Nzara yekumaruwa munyika zhinjisa dzichiri kusimukira iri kukurumidzisa muitiro uyu. Murume anozviwana zvakaoma nguva dzose kudyisa mhuri yake angasarudza kutamira kune rimwe guta riri pedyo kana kuti kunyange imwe nyika kuti anotsvaka basa. Anosiya mukadzi wake kuti atarisire mhuri. Kana akaita rombo rakanaka rokuwana basa, anotumira mari kumusha. Asi pasinei zvapo nevavariro dzake dzakanaka, kazhinji kazhinji izvi hazvipfuuriri. Mhuri yaakasiya ingawedzera kunyura muurombo, uye kurarama kwavo zvino kunotsamira pana mai.

Uyu muitiro unotyisa, unorondedzerwa zvakakodzera se“kuita kuti urombo huve hwevakadzi,” unoisa mutoro mukuru pamamiriyoni evakadzi. “Mhuri dzinotungamirirwa nevakadzi, dzinofungidzirwa kuva chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chehwerengedzo yenyika yose, dzine bviro huru zvikuru yokuva nourombo kupfuura idzo dzinotungamirirwa nevarume, uye nhamba yemhuri dzakadaro iri kuwedzera,” rinotsanangura kudaro bhuku rinonzi Women and Health. Asi nokuoma kwazvakaita, kugovera zvokudya handiyo denho bedzi iyo vakadzi vanotarisana nayo.

Vanamai Uye Vadzidzisi

Mai vanofanirawo kutarisira zvinodikanwa zvemirangariro zvevana vavo. Vanoita basa rinokosha mukubetsera mwana kudzidza nezverudo nechidakadaka—zvidzidzo zvingava zvinongokoshawo sokugutsa zvinodikanwa zvake zvomuviri. Kuitira kuti agokura kuva munhu mukuru akadzikama, mwana anoda mhoteredzo youshamwari, yakakotsekana paanenge achikura. Zvakare, basa ramai rinokosha.

Mubhuku rinonzi The Developing Child, Helen Bee anonyora kuti: “Mubereki ane ushamwari anotarisira mwana, anoratidza chidakadaka, kazhinji kazhinji kana kuti nguva dzose anoisa zvinodiwa nemwana pakutanga, anoratidza mbavarira nokuda kwemibato yemwana, uye anopindura nokurangarira uye netsitsi kunzwa kwemwana.” Vana vakagamuchira ushamwari hwakadaro kubva kuna mai vanoitira hanya zvirokwazvo vanofanira kuvaonga.—Zvirevo 23:22.

Kupfurikidza nokuyamwisa, vanamai vakawanda vanogovera mhoteredzo yechidakadaka nokuda kwemwana wavo kubvira pakuberekwa chaipo. Zvikurukuru mumhuri dzine urombo mukaka wamai pachavo chipo chisingaenzaniswi chavanogona kupa kuachangobva kuberekwa wavo. (Ona bhokisi riri pamapeji 10-11.) Nenzira inofadza, Bhaibheri rinotiudza kuti muapostora Pauro akaenzanisa chidakadaka chake nokuda kwevaKristu vemuTesaronika neche“mureri” ano“varaidza vana vake.”—1 VaTesaronika 2:7, 8.

Kunze kwokupa zvokudya nokuchengeta vana vavo, mai kazhinji kazhinji ndiye mudzidzisi wavo mukuru. “Mwanakomana wangu, inzwa kurayirira kwababa vako; usarasha kudzidzisa kwamai vako,” rinorayira kudaro Bhaibheri, richireva rutivi rukuru rwunoitwa nanamai mukudzidzisa vana vavo. (Zvirevo 1:8) Zvikurukuru ndimai kana kuti mbuya vanodzidzisa mwana nokushivirira, kutaura, kufamba, uye kuita mabasa emumba uye zvimwe zvinhu zvisingaverengeki.

Tsitsi Dzinodikanwa Zvikuru

Chimwe chezvipo zvikurusa icho vakadzi vanogona kupa mhuri dzavo itsitsi. Apo mutezo wemhuri unorwara, mai vanoita basa remukoti, apo vanenge vachiri kungotarisira mamwe mabasa avo ose. “Vakadzi kutaura idi vanotarisira utano zvikurusa munyika,” rinotsanangura kudaro bhuku rinonzi Women and Health.

Tsitsi dzamai dzingatovasunda kuti ivo pachavo vadye zvishoma kuitira kuti vana vavo vasashayiwa zvokudya. Vanzveri vakawana kuti vamwe vakadzi vanorangarira kudya kwavo sekwakakwana kunyange vasingawani zvokudya zvakakwana. Vakarovedzana zvikuru nokupa mugove mukuru kuvarume vavo nevana kuti chero bedzi vachiri kugona kushanda, vanozvirangarira sevari kuwana zvokudya zvakakwana.

Pane dzimwe nguva tsitsi dzomukadzi dzinoratidzwa mukuitira hanya kwake mhoteredzo yomunzvimbomo. Mhoteredzo iyoyo inokosha kwaari, sezvo achitamburawo apo kusanaya kwemvura yakakwana, kuita gwenga kwenyika, uye kuparadzwa kwemasango zvinoparadza nyika. Mune imwe taundi iri muIndia, vakadzi vakatsamwa zvikuru pavakaziva kuti imwe kambani yokutema miti yakanga ichizotema miti 2 500 musango riri pedyopo. Vakadzi vacho vaidira miti iyi zvokudya, huni, uye zvokudya zvezvipfuwo. Apo vatemi vemiti vakasvika, vakadzi vakanga vatovapo, vakabatana maoko, vakatenderedza miti mukudzivirira. ‘Munofanira kutigura misoro kana muchida kutema miti,’ vakadzi vacho vakaudza vatemi vemiti. Sango racho rakachengetedzwa.

“Mupei Mubayiro Waakawana”

Mungava mubasa rokuva mugoveri wezvokudya, mai, mudzidzisi, kana kuti zvimwe chitubu chetsitsi, mukadzi akafanirwa nokuremekedzwa nokukudzwa, sezvakaita basa rake. Murume akachenjera Remueri, akarumbidza zvikuru mukadzi anogona basa, akakoshesa zvose zviri zviviri basa romukadzi nezano rake. Kutaura idi, Bhaibheri rinotsanangura kuti shoko rake rakatorwa zvikurukuru mumurayiridzo waakanga apiwa namai vake. (Zvirevo 31:1) Remueri akanga achipwiswa kuti mudzimai uye mai vanongwarira havafaniri kurerutswa. “Mupei mubayiro waakawana,” akanyora kudaro. “Mabasa ake anomurumbidza.”—Zvirevo 31:31, NIV.

Zvisinei, apo Remueri akanyora mirangariro iyoyo, yakanga isingori chiratidzo chokufunga kwevanhu. Yakanyorwa muBhaibheri, riri Shoko raMwari. “Rugwaro rwose rwakafuridzirwa naMwari.” (2 Timotio 3:16) Mirangariro iyoyo inoratidza Murangariro waMwari Wamasimba Ose weVakadzi, sezvo Mwari akafuridzira ndima idzodzo dziri muBhaibheri nokuda kwokurayiridzwa kwedu.

Uyezve, Shoko raMwari rakafuridzirwa rinotaura kuti varume vanofanira ku“kudza [vakadzi vavo].” (1 Petro 3:7) Uye pana VaEfeso 5:33, murume anoudzwa kuti: “Mumwe nomumwe ngaade mukadzi wake sezvaanozvida iye.” Zvirokwazvo, VaEfeso 5:25 inoti: “Imi varume, idai vakadzi venyu, Kristu sezvaakadawo kereke, akazvipa nokuda kwayo.” Hongu, Kristu akaratidza rudo rwakadaro kuvateveri vake zvokuti aida kuvafira. Muenzaniso wakaisvonaka zvakadini, usina udyire waakagadza nokuda kwavarume! Uye mitemo iyo Jesu akadzidzisa ndokurarama nayo yairatidza mitemo yaMwari, yakanyorwa muBhaibheri kuti tibetserwe.

Bva, pasinei zvapo nebasa ravo rakaoma munzvimbo dzakawanda kudaro, vakadzi vazhinji havawanzorumbidzwa nokuda kwezvavanoita. Vanogona sei kunyange zvino kuvandudza mugariro wavo muupenyu? Uyewo, pane mukana upi noupi here wokuti maonerwe avanoitwa achachinja? Chii chiri kariro dzomunguva yemberi nokuda kwevakadzi?

[Bhokisi/Mufananidzo uri papeji 10, 11]

Nzira Nhatu Idzo Mukadzi Anogona Kuvandudza Nadzo Magariro Ake

Dzidzo. Kune vakadzi vanenge mamiriyoni 600 vasingagoni kurava nokunyora munyika—vazhinjisa vaivava havana kumbowana mukana wokuenda kuchikoro. Iwe pachako ungave wakaenda kuchikoro zvishomanene, asi izvozvo hazvirevi kuti haugoni kuzvidzidzisa. Hazvisi nyore, asi vakadzi vakawanda vakabudirira. “Zvikonzero zvorudzidziso zvinogona kuita basa rinokosha mukusunda vanhu vakura kuti vawane unyanzvi hwokurava nokunyora,” rinotsanangura kudaro bhuku rinonzi Women and Literacy. Kukwanisa kwako kuzviravira Bhaibheri mubayiro wakaisvonaka wokudzidza kurava. Asi kune dzimwe betsero dzakawanda.

Mai vanogona kurava nokunyora havana mikana mikuru yeupfumi bedzi asi vanogonawo kudzidza nezvemiitiro yakanaka youtano. Nyika yeIndia yeKerala inoenzanisira zvakajeka betsero dzokurava nokunyora. Kunyange zvazvo nzvimbo iyi iri pasi peavhareji kana toreva nezvemari, 87 muzana yevakadzi vayo vanogona kurava nokunyora. Nenzira inofadza, munyika imwe cheteyo kufa kwevacheche kwakaderera nekashanu paIndia yose yasara; paavhareji, vakadzi vanopfuurira kurarama makore 15; uye vasikana vose vanopinda chikoro.

Nenzira yomuzvarirwo, mai vanogona kurava nokunyora vanonyandura muitiro wokudzidza muvana vavo—hachisi chinhu chisingakoshi. Kudzidziswa kwevanasikana kuchengetera nguva yemberi kwakaisvonaka. Hapana chimwe chinhu chine simba rakadaro rokuvandudza utano hwemhuri nokuvandudza upenyu hwevakadzi pachavo, chinodaro chinyorwa cheUnited Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) chinonzi The State of the World’s Children 1991. Pasina mubvunzo, unyanzvi hwokurava nokunyora huchakubetsera kuva mai vari nani nomugoveri.a

Utano. Samai, unofanira kuzvitarisira, zvikurukuru kana une pamuviri kana kuti uchiyamwisa. Unogona kuvandudza zvokudya zvako here? Zvikamu zvinenge zviviri muzvitatu zvevakadzi vane pamuviri muAfrica pamwe chete nokumaodzanyemba uye kumavirira kweAsia vakaonekwa kuchipatara kuti vane anemia. Kunze kwekukusveta simba, anemia inowedzera ngozi dzine chekuita nokubereka mwana uye inoita kuti kubatwa nemarariya kubvire zvikuru. Kunyange zvazvo nyama kana kuti hove zvingave zvisingachawaniki kana kuti zvichidhura, mazai uye michero ine iron yakawanda kana kuti miriwo ingangowanika. Usabvumira kudavira mashura kuchikudzivisa kudya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri, uye usabvumira tsika dzomunzvimbomo dzichikudzivisa kudya mugove wako wezvokudya zvemhuri.b

Kuyamwisa kwakakunakira iwe pamwe chete nemwana wako. Mukaka wezamu wakachipa, une utsanana zvikuru, uye unovaka muviri kupfuura umwe unotsiva upi noupi. UNICEF inofungidzira kuti kufa kwevana vane miriyoni gore rimwe nerimwe kwaigona kudziviswa kudai vanamai vaiyamwisa vana kwemwedzi mina kusvika kumitanhatu yokutanga youpenyu hwavo. Chokwadika, kana mai vane hosha inotapuriranwa inozivikanwa kuti inopfuudzwa nomumukaka wavo wemuzamu, ipapo zvimwe zvokudya zvakakotsekana zvinofanira kushandiswa.

Iva nechokwadi chokuti pane mhepo yakafanira kana uchibikira mumusha mako nemoto. “Kuenda pane utsi nemagasi anouraya okubikisa zvichida ndeimwe yengozi yeutano yakakomba zvikurusa yepabasa inozivikanwa nhasi,” rinoyambira kudaro bhuku rinonzi Women and Health.

Usaputa fodya, pasinei zvapo nedzvinyiriro dzacho. Kushambadzira mudzanga kwakapararira munyika dzichiri kusimukira kwakananga vakadzi, kuchiedza kuvapwisa kuti kuputa ndokwemazuvano. Ichi hachisi chokwadi nyangwe napaduku pose. Kuputa kunokuvadza mwana wako uye kunogona kukuuraya. Kunofungidzirwa kuti pakupedzisira chikamu chimwe muzvina chevaputi vose vanourawa nokupindwa kwavo muropa nefodya. Uyezve, nyanzvi dzinoyambira kuti mikana yokuti anoputa mudzanga kokutanga apindwe muropa nefodya yakakwirira zvikuru.

Utsanana. Muenzaniso wako uye zano rako pamusoro poutsanana zvinokosha zvikuru nokuda kwoutano hwemhuri yako. Chinyorwa chinonzi Facts for Life chinoronga nhano dzinokosha dzinotevera nokuda kwoutsanana hwakanaka:

• Geza maoko ako nesipo nemvura pashure pokubata tsvina uye usati wabata zvokudya. Iva nechokwadi chokuti vana vako vanogeza maoko avo vasati vadya.

• Shandisa chimbudzi, uye chichengete chakachena uye chakavharwa. Kana izvi zvisingabviri, itirai tsvina kure sezvinobvira neimba yenyu, uye fusirai tsvina yacho nokukurumidza.—Enzanisa naDheuteronomio 23:12, 13.

• Edza kushandisa mvura yakachena mumba mako. Nechinangwa ichi, chengeta matsime akavharwa uye shandisa midziyo yakachena kutakura mvura.

• Kana usingagoni kuwana mvura yokunwa yakachena, vidza mvura uye ipapo woibvumira kutonhora usati wainwa. Kunyange zvazvo mvura isina kuvidzwa ingaratidzika seyakachena, inogona kuva yakasviba.

• Yeuka kuti zvokudya zvisina kubikwa zvinobvira kupfuudza utachiona zvikuru. Zvokudya zvinofanira kudyiwa zvisina kubikwa zvinofanira kugezwa zvisati zvadyiwa uye ipapo zvodyiwa nokukurumidza sezvinobvira. Zvimwe zvokudya zvinofanira kubikwa zvakasimba, zvikurukuru nyama uye huku.

• Chengeta zvokudya zvakachena uye zvakavharwa kuitira kuti zvipembenene nemhuka zvisagona kuzvisvibisa.

• Pisa kana kuti fusira marara epamba.c

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 8]

Vakadzi vazhinji munyika dzoKumavirira vanoshanda mumahofisi

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 8, 9]

Vakadzi vazhinji vanofanira kushanda mumhoteredzo ine tsvina

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Godo-Foto

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 9]

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