Kubata Vakadzi Norusaruro

MUWEST Africa muzvinabhizimisi anotenga mwana ane makore mapfumbamwe. MuAsia mwana achangoberekwa anovigwa ari mupenyu mujecha romugwenga. Mune imwe nyika yekuMabvazuva, ndumure inofa nokuziya nenzara iri munochengeterwa nherera—isingadiwi uye isingatarisirwi. Chinhu chimwe chakafanana chakabatanidza ngwavaira idzi: Vanyajambwa vose ava vaiva vasikana. Kuva kwavo vakadzi kwaireva kuti vairangarirwa sevanogona kuraswa.

Handizvo zvoga. MuAfrica zviuru zvevasikana nevakadzi vaduku vanotengeswa kuti vave varanda, vamwe nemari shoma se$240. Uye zvinoshumwa kuti gore rimwe nerimwe mazana ezviuru zvevasikana vaduku vanotengeswa kana kuti vanomanikidzwa kuita chipfambi, zvikurukuru muAsia. Zvakatoipisisa zvikuru, nhamba dzevagari vemunyika dzenyika dzinoverengeka dzinoratidza vakawanda sevasikana vane mamiriyoni 100 “vasiri kuonekwa.” Izvi sezviri pachena zvinoparirwa nokubvisa pamuviri, kuuraya vacheche, kana kungoregeredzwa kwevakadzi.

Kwenguva yakareba—mazana amakore—vakadzi vakaonekwa nenzira iyi munyika dzakawanda. Uye mune dzimwe nyika vachiri. Nei? Nemhaka yokuti munyika dzakadaro, vakomana vanokosheswa zvikuru. Ikoko, vanofunga kuti mukomana anogona kupfuuridzira mutsara wedzinza, kugara nhaka pfuma, uye kutarisira vabereki pavanokwegura, sezvo kazhinji kazhinji nyika idzi dzisina mudyandigere wehurumende upi noupi nokuda kwevakwegura. Chimwe chirevo cheAsia chinotaura kuti “kurera musikana kwakafanana nokudiridza chirimwa chiri mubindu romuvakidzani wako.” Paanokura, achaenda kunoroorwa kana kuti zvimwe anotengeserwa muupfambi nokudaro ndokuva webetsero shomanene kana kuti asingabetseri mukutarisira vabereki vakwegura.

Mugove Muduku

Munyika dzine dambudziko reurombo, murangariro uyu unoguma nezvokudya zvishoma, kutarisira utano kushoma, uye kuendesa kuchikoro zvishoma vasikana vemhuri. Vanzveri mune imwe nyika yeAsia vakawana kuti 14 muzana yevasikana vakanga vasingawani zvokudya zvakakwana, mukuenzanisa ne5 muzana bedzi yevakomana. Mune dzimwe nyika vakomana vanopeta vasikana nekaviri vanoendeswa kuzvipatara, unotsanangura kudaro mushumo unobva kuUnited Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). Uye inopfuura 40 muzana yevakadzi vaduku muAfrica pamwe chete nokumaodzanyemba nemadokero eAsia havagoni kurava nokunyora. “Pane rusaruro runotyisa pakati pevarume nevakadzi munyika dzichiri kusimukira,” akachema chema kudaro mushakabvu Audrey Hepburn, aichimbova mumiririri weUNICEF.

Urwu “rusaruro rwevakadzi nevarume” haruperi apo vasikana vanova vanhu vakuru. Urombo, masimba masimba, uye kushanda zvakaoma nguva dzose kazhinji kazhinji ndiwo mararamire akaoma evakadzi, zvikurukuru nemhaka yokuti mukadzi. Purezidhendi weWorld Bank akatsanangura kuti: “Vakadzi vanoita zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvebasa renyika. . . . Asi vanotambira chikamu chimwe mugumi bedzi chemari yenyika yose uye vane pfuma yenyika iri pasi pechikamu chimwe muzana. Vari pakati pevarombo zvikurusa vevarombo venyika.”

Maererano nomushumo weSangano Romubatanidzwa Wenyika Dzapasi Pose, inopfuura 70 muzana yevanhu vane mabhiriyoni 1,3 venyika vanorarama muurombo hwakakomba vakadzi. “Uye zviri kuwedzera kuipa zvikuru,” mushumo wacho wakawedzera kudaro. “Nhamba yevakadzi vokumaruwa vari kurarama muurombo hwakakwana yakawedzera neinenge 50 muzana mumakumi maviri emakore akapfuura. Nenzira inoramba ichiwedzera, nhamo iri pavakadzi.”

Chinotonyanya kutambudza zvikuru kupfuura urombo hunodzvinyirira masimba masimba anoparadza upenyu hwevakadzi vazhinji. Vanofungidzirwa kuva vasikana vane mamiriyoni zana, zvikurukuru muAfrica, vakatambura nokuremadzwa mitezo yokubereka nayo. Kubatwa chibharo kubatwa zvisina kufanira kwakapararira kunoramba kusina zvinyorwa zvinochengetwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kunyange zvazvo nzvero dzichiratidza kuti mune dzimwe nyika mukadzi mumwe muvatanhatu anobatwa chibharo mukati meupenyu hwake. Hondo dzinorwadzisa varume nevakadzi zvakafanana, asi vapoteri vazhinjisa vanomanikidzwa kutiza misha yavo vakadzi nevana.

Vanamai uye Vagoveri

Mutoro wokutarisira mhuri kazhinji kazhinji uri zvikurukuru pana mai. Zvimwe vanoshanda maawa akareba uye vangava ivo mugoveri bedzi. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzokumaruwa dzeAfrica, hafu yemhuri dzose inotungamirirwa navakadzi. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo munyika dzokuMadokero, chikamu chikuru chemhuri chinotungamirirwa nevakadzi.

Uyezve, zvikurukuru munyika dzichiri kusimukira, vakadzi kazhinji kazhinji vanoita mamwe emabasa anorema zvikurusa, zvakadai sokuchera mvura nokutsvaka huni. Kuparadzwa kwemasango nokuparadzwa kwemafuro kwakaita kuti mabasa aya ave akaoma zvikuru. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzine dambudziko rokusanaya kwemvura yakakwana, vakadzi vanopedza maawa matatu kana kuti anopfuura mazuva ose vachitsvaka huni uye maawa mana pazuva vachinochera mvura. Panongova bedzi pashure pokunge iri basa rakaoma raitwa pavanogona kuvamba kuita basa ravanokarirwa kuita pamusha kana kuti kumunda.

Sezviri pachena, vose vari vaviri varume nevakadzi vanotambura munyika umo urombo, nzara, kana kuti magakava zvinoitika mazuva ose. Asi vakadzi vanonyanya kutambura. Aya mamiriro ezvinhu achazombochinja here? Pane kariro dzipi nedzipi here chaidzoidzo dzokuti rimwe zuva vakadzi kwose kwose vachazobatwa norukudzo nokurangarira here? Pane chinhu chipi nechipi icho vakadzi vanogona kuita zvino kuti vavandudze mugariro wavo here?

[Bhokisi/Mufananidzo uri papeji 5]

Vasikana Pfambi—Imhaka Yaani?

Gore rimwe nerimwe vana vanofungidzirwa kuva miriyoni imwe—zvikurukuru vasikana—vanomanikidzwa kana kuti vanotengeserwa muupfambi. Araya,a anobva kuSoutheast Asia, anoyeuka zvakaitika kune vamwe vevaaidzidza navo. “Kulvadee akava pfambi paakanga ane makore 13 bedzi. Akanga ari musikana akanaka, asi mai vake vaiwanzodhakwa uye vaiwanzotamba makasi, naizvozvo vakanga vasina nguva yokutarisira mwanasikana wavo. Mai vaKulvadee vakamukurudzira kuwana mari kupfurikidza nokudanana nevarume, uye pasina nguva refu, akanga ava kushanda sepfambi.”

“Sivun, mumwe mudzidzi aiva mukirasi yangu, aibva kuchamhembe kwenyika. Akanga ane makore 12 chete apo vabereki vake vakamutumira muguta guru renyika kunoshanda sepfambi. Aifanira kushanda kwemakore maviri kuti aripire chibvumirano chakasainwa nevabereki vake. Sivun naKulvadee havashamisi—vasikana 5 pavasikana 15 vemukirasi mangu vakava pfambi.”

Kune mamiriyoni evaduku vakafanana naSivun naKulvadee. “Indasitiri yezvevatano musika mukuru une mufambiro wawo pachawo,” anodaro Wassyla Tamzali, weUNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization). “Kutengesa musikana ane makore 14 chazova chinhu chakakurumbira zvikuru, hachisi chinhu chitsva.” Uye kana vasikana ava vangotengeserwa muuranda hwevatano, kuti varipire mutengo wavakatengwa nawo kunogona kubvumikisa kuva kunenge kusingabviri. Manju, uyo ana baba vake vakamutengesa paakanga ane makore 12, akanga achine chikwereti che$4 000 (ZIM) pashure pemakore manomwe eupfambi. “Hapana chandaigona kuita—ndakanga ndasungwa,” anotsanangura kudaro.

Kupukunyuka AIDS kunogona kuva kunenge kwakaomera vasikana vacho sokupukunyuka vanovapinza muupfambi vanovaita varanda. Nzvero yakaitwa muSoutheast Asia yakaratidza kuti 33 muzana yevana pfambi ava vakanga vatapurwa nevhairasi yeAIDS. Chero bedzi indasitiri youpfambi yemabhiriyoni mashanu emadhora ichiramba ichibudirira, vasikana ava vangangoramba vachitambura.

Ndiani ane mhaka yemuitiro uyu wakaipa? Sezviri pachena, avo vanotenga kana kuti kutengesera vasikana muupfambi vane rutivi rukuru rwemhaka yacho. Asiwo vanofanira kushorwa varume vanonyadzisa vanoshandisa vasikana kugutsa ruchiva rwavo rwevatano. Nokuti kudai pasina vaiti vounzenza vakadaro, upfambi hwevasikana ava hwaisazovapo.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Mufananidzo]

Gore rimwe nerimwe vasikana vaduku vanenge miriyoni vanomanikidzwa kuva pfambi

[Bhokisi/Mufananidzo uri papeji 6]

Zuva Rokushanda Romukadzi muCentral Africa

Mukadzi anomuka paawa yechitanhatu ndokugadzirira mhuri naiye chisvusvuro, chavachadya pakati pemangwanani. Pashure pokuchera mvura murwizi ruri pedyo, anoenda kumunda wake—ungave panofambwa inenge awa imwe.

Kusvika awa yechina masikati, anotimba, kusakura, kana kuti kudiridza munda, achimira zvishomanene kuti adye zvokudya zvipi nezvipi zvaauya nazvo. Maawa maviri asara echiedza chezuva anoshandiswa kutema huni nokutora mujumbura kana kuti mimwe miriwo nokuda kwemhuri—izvi zvose anozvitakura oenda nazvo kumba.

Kazhinji kazhinji, anosvika kumba zuva richinyura. Zvino pane basa rokuita kugadzira zvokudya zvamadekwana, basa ringatora maawa maviri kana kuti kupfuura. Misi yeSvondo inopedzwa achigeza mbatya murwizi rwomunzvimbomo uye ipapo kuchisa, kana mbatya dzacho dzangooma.

Murume wake haawanzoonga basa rose iri rakaoma kana kuti kuteerera zvikarakadzo zvake. Hazvimunetsi kutema miti kana kuti kupisa sango kuitira kuti mukadzi agogadzirira munda nokuda kwokudyara, asi hapana zvimwe zvaanoita. Panhambo nenhambo, anoenda nevana kurwizi kuti vanozvigezesa, uye angavhima nokuredza zvishomanene. Asi rutivi rukuru rwezuva rake runopera achitaura nevamwe varume vomumusha macho.

Kana murume achizvigona, pashure pemakore mashomanene, achaunza kumba mukadzi muduku, mutsva, achava nyachide wake. Mukadzi wake wokutanga, zvisinei, achave achiri kukarirwa kuramba achishanda senguva dzose, kusvika utano hwake husisamubvumiri kana kuti afa.

Vakadzi veAfrica vanotakura mutoro webasa unorema