Vatengi Chenjerai!—Kugadzira Zvokunyepedzera Kunogona Kuurayisa
VANYAJAMBWA vasina kurovedzwa, vasingafungidziri vanogona kubatiswa dombo. Wachi inoratidzika seinodhura yaunotengeserwa nomutengesi womumugwagwa nomutengo wakaderera—iwachi kwayo here kana kuti ndeyechipameso? Uchaitenga here? Bhachi remvere remaoresa raunoda kutengeserwa nepahwindo remotokari parutivi rwomugwagwa—mutengesi wacho anovimbisa kuti imvere inodhura. Ko kukwezva kwaro nemutengo wakaderera zvichakudzivisa kuita nokunzwisisa here? Mhete yedhaimani iri pamunwe wemudzimai akarambwa nguva pfupi yapfuura—zvino abhuroka uye asisina musha, akamirira chitima pachiteshi chenjanji yepasi pevhu muNew York—unogona kuva nayo nemari shomanene. Waizofunga kuti sero yacho yakanakisa zvokusarega ichipfuura here? Nemhaka yokuti mibvunzo iyi inobvunzwa munyaya ino iri kubata nokugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvokunyepedzera uye nemhaka yemamiriro ezvinhu apiwa, sezvingabvira unopindura kuti “NYANGWE!”
Aa, asi ngatichinje nzvimbo dzacho nemamiriro ezvinhu ndokuona dzingava mhinduro dzako. Zvakadini nehendibheki inodhura, yomugadziri akakurumbira iri kutengeswa pachitoro chapamutemo chakachipa nemutengo unokwezva wakaderera? Rudzi runozivikanwa zvikuru rwewisiki inotengeswa pabhotorositoro yepakona? Zvirokwazvo pano apa hapana chinetso. Rangarirawo, firimu rine chiratidzo chinooneka riri pasero muchitoro chemirimo kana kuti chitoro chemakamera. Nguva ino wachi inodhura inoita zviuru zvemadhora unoitengeserwa, kwete nemutengesi womumugwagwa, asi nechitoro chakakurumbira. Mutengo wacho waderedzwa zvikuru. Kudai wanga uchida kutenga wachi inodhura kudaro, waizoitenga here? Ipapo kune marudzi anozivikanwa zvikuru eshangu ane mutengo wakaderera zvikuru mune chimwe chitoro chakati chaunoendeswa kwachiri neshamwari. Une chokwadi here chokuti hazvisi zvokunyepedzera hazvo?
Mune zvokuveza mifananidzo, panzvimbo dzokuratidzira mifananidzo iri mufashoni, pane zvinhu zvakawanda zviri kutengeserwa anenge ane mari zhinjisa zvevaunganidzi vemifananidzo inodhura. “Unangwarira,” yakanyevera kudaro imwe nyanzvi yezvokuveza. “Vanamazvikokota vokuongorora mifananidzo vane makore oruzivo rwokuzviwanira vanonyengedzwa. Ndizvo zvinoitawo vatengesi. Ndizvo zvinoitawo vanotarisira miyuziyamu.” Wakadzidza kwazvo here zvokuti ungaenzana nevagadziri vezvinhu zvokunyepedzera vanobvira? Chenjera! Zvinhu zvose zvataurwa zvingagona kuva zvokunyepedzera. Kazhinji kazhinji zvinenge zviri izvo. Yeuka, kana chimwe chinhu chisingagaroonekwa uye chichikosha, mumwe munhu kune imwe nzvimbo achaedza kuchinyepedzera.
Kugadzira zvinhu zvokutengesa zvokunyepedzera ibhizimisi remabhiriyoni 1 800 emadhora munyika yose uye riri “kukura nokukurumidza zvikuru kupfuura maindasitiri mazhinji ariri kutsotsa,” yakanyora kudaro magazini inonzi Forbes. Mapatsi emotokari echipameso anodyira vagadziri vemotokari veAmerica nevatengesi mamiriyoni 108 emadhora pagore semari inorasika munyika yose. “Indasitiri yokugadzira motokari yeU.S. inoti ingapinza basa vamwe vanhu 210 000 kana ingagona kumisa vagadziri vemapatsi echipameso emotokari kuita basa,” magazini yacho yakadaro. Kunoshumwa kuti inenge hafu yemafekitari anogadzira zvinhu zvokunyepedzera ari kunze kweUnited States—kunoda kuva kwose kwose.
Zvinhu Zvokunyepedzera Zvinogona Kuuraya
Mamwe marudzi ezvigadzirwa zvokunyepedzera haana ngozi. Manati, mabhaudhi, uye masikuruu zvinotengwa kunze kwenyika zvinoita 87 muzana yemabhiriyoni 54 emadhora emusika weU.S. Ufakazi kusvikira zvino, zvisinei, hunoratidzira kuti 62 muzana yezvokusungisa izvozvi zvakaisirwa mazita evagadziri okubata kumeso kana kuti zvitambi zvegiredhi zvisiri zvapamutemo. Mushumo wa1990 wakaitwa neGeneral Accounting Office (GAO) wakawana “nzvimbo dzesimba renyukireya dzakanga dzaiswa zvokusungisa zvisizvo” dzinenge 72 dzeAmerica, “zvimwe mugadziriro yacho inofanira kudzima gwenya racho kana pakaitika tsaona yenyukireya. Chinetso chacho chiri kuipa zvikuru, inodaro GAO. . . . Ukuru hwechinetso chacho, ndyiko kuvateri vemutero kana kuti ngozi dzinobvira dzinobva mukushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa [zvisina kusimba] zvakadaro hadzizivikanwi,” yakashuma kudaro Forbes.
Mabhaudhi esimbi, ane masimba asina kukwana nokuda kwezvinangwa zvaanoshandiswa, akagadzirwa okunyepedzera ndokuverevedzerwa muUnited States nevaiti vezvibvumirano vasina kutendeseka. “Angagona kutyisidzira kukotsekana kwezvivako zvemahofisi, nzvimbo dzemagetsi, mabhiriji uye midziyo yehondo,” maererano neAmerican Way.
Mabhureki echipameso akashorwa nokuda kwekubondera kwebhazi muCanada makore anoverengeka akapfuura kwakauraya vanhu 15. Kunoshumwa kuti mapatsi echipameso akadaro akawanwa munzvimbo dzisingakarirwi dzakadai seherikopita dzehondo uye chitundu musere musere cheU.S. “Chimiro chendangariro chomutengiwo zvake nechimwe chinhu apo unenge uchitaura nezvewachi yeCartier kana kuti Rolex yechipameso,” akadaro mumwe anofeya-feya zvekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvokunyepedzera akatanhamara, “asi apo utano hwako nekukotsekana hunoiswa mungozi, ikoko kunochinja mamiriro ezvinhu.”
Ndaza yezvinhu zvechipameso zvinogona kuva nengozi inobatanidza michina yokugadzirisa kurova kwemwoyo yakatengeserwa zvipatara 266 zveU.S.; mapiritsi okudzora kubereka echipameso akasvika mumusika weAmerica muna 1984; uye mishonga yezvirimwa, yechoko zvikurukuru, iyo yakaparadza kofi yeKenya muna 1979. Kune mishonga yechipameso yakapararira inogona kuisa mungozi upenyu hwevatengi. Nzufu dzinoparirwa nemishonga yokunyepedzera munyika yose dzingashamisa.
Kune kuitira hanya kuri kukura pamusoro pemidziyo miduku yemagetsi yapamusha yokunyepedzera. “Zvimwe zveizvi zvigadzirwa zvine mazita evagadziri enhema kana kuti bvumiro dzakadai sendaza yeUnderwriters Laboratory,” American Way yakashuma kudaro. “Asi hazvina kugadzirwa nemipimo yokudzivirira ngozi mimwe cheteyo, naizvozvo zvichaputika, zvichapisa dzimba ndokuparira kuti mudziyo wose uve usina kukotsekana,” akadaro mumwe injiniya wokudzivirira ngozi.
MuUnited States uye muEurope, mapoka ezvendege anokatyamadzwa zvakafanana. MuGermany, somuenzaniso, vendege vakawana mapatsi einjini nemabhureki zvechipameso muzvinhu zvavo zviri mudura. Kufeya-feya kuri “kuitwa muEurope, Canada uye United Kingdom, uko mapatsi asina kubvumirwa (tail rotor shaft nuts) akabatanidzwa nokuwa kwakaipisisa kweherikopita nguva pfupi yapfuura,” vakadaro vakuru vakuru vezvokufambisa. “Matikitivha akabata makumi emapatsi echipameso einjini yejeti, mabhureki, mabhaudhi asina kusimba nezvokusungisa, simbi dzemafuta nokubhururuka dzakafa, midziyo isina kubvumirwa yemukamuri romutyairi uye mativi ekombiyuta yendege anokosha nokuda kwokukotsekana kwokubhururuka,” yakashuma kudaro Flight Safety Digest.
Muna 1989 ndege yakahaiwa yaienda kuGermany ichibva kuNorway yakakoromoka kubva pakakwirira mamita 6 600 payaifamba. Besu racho rakavhunika, richiendesa ndege yacho mukuwa kukuru kune masimba masimba kwazvo zvokuti mapapiro ose ari maviri akavhunika. Mweya yose 55 yakanga irimo yakaurawa. Pashure pokufeya-feya kwemakore matatu, nyanzvi dzendege dzeNorway dzakawana kuti kuwa kwacho kwakaparirwa nemabhaudhi akatsemuka, anonzi locking pins, aibata besu kusvikira mudumbu. Nzvero dzokusimba dzakaratidza kuti mabhaudhi acho akanga akagadzirwa nesimbi isina kana kusimba zvokutsiga pamasimba okubhururuka. Malocking pin acho akatsemuka aiva okunyepedzera—shoko rakanyanya kurovedzeka bedzi kunyanzvi dzendege kwose kwose, nokuti kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvokunyepedzera chinetso chiri kukura chinoisa upenyu hwevashandi vemundege nevatakurwi mungozi.
Apo terevhizheni yenyika yakabvunzurudza mutarisiri mukuru weDepartment of Transportation muUnited States, akati: “Vendege vose vakagamuchira mapatsi echipameso. Vose vanawo. Vose vane chinetso.” Indasitiri yacho inobvuma, akawedzera, “kuti zvimwe vane zvinhu zviri mudura zvisingashandisiki zvinofungidzirwa kuva zvinokosha mabhiriyoni maviri kana kuti matatu emadhora.”
Mubvunzurudzo imwe cheteyo, mukuru mukuru wekudzivirira ngozi dzendege, uyo akapa zano FBI pamabasa echivande akasiyana-siyana anobatanidza mapatsi echipameso, akanyevera kuti mapatsi echipameso anoreva ngozi yechokwadi. “Ndinofunga kuti tiri kukarira chaizvoizvo ngwavaira huru yendege nokukurumidza pane imwe nguva yemberi iri pedyo somugumisiro,” akadaro.
Zuva rokuzvidavirira rave pedyo nokuda kwaavo vane makaro anovabvumira kuisa zvishuvo zvavo vamene zvoudyire mberi kwoupenyu hwevamwe. Shoko rakafuridzirwa raMwari rinotaura chaizvoizvo kuti vanhu vane makaro havasati vachizogara nhaka Umambo hwaMwari.—1 VaKorinte 6:9-10.
[Mifananidzo iri papeji 29]
Zvipfeko, mabwe anokosha, mifananidzo, mishonga, mapatsi endege—chinhu chipi nechipi chinokosha chinhu chechimuko
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 30]
Mapatsi einjini echipameso, mabhaudhi akafa, midziyo yecockpit, mamwe mativi ekombiyuta, uye mamwe mapatsi okunyepedzera akaparira kubheuka kunourayisa