Icho Vakadzi Vanofanira Kuziva Pamusoro Pekenza Yamazamu

CHIVERENGERO chezvirwere zvekenza yamazamu chiri kukwira panyika iri yose. Mukuwirirana nedzimwe fungidziro, pakuzosvika gore ra 2000, inenge mirioni imwe yezvirwere zvitsva zvekenza yamazamu zvichanzverwa munyika yose gore rimwe nerimwe.

Mukadzi upi noupi akakotsekana here mukuwana iyi hosha? Chinhu chipi nechipi chinogona kuitwa here kuidzivirira? Uye inyaradzoi netsigiro zvinodikanwa naavo vari kurwisa uyu muvengi?

Kenza dzeganda dzakawanda zvikurusa dzinoparirwa nemwaranzi isingaoneki inobva kuzuva. Kenza dzakawanda zvikurusa dzamapapu dzinoparirwa nokusvuta. Asi hapana chinoparira chimwe chete chakabvumikiswa nokuda kwekenza yamazamu.

Zvisinei, mukuwirirana nenzvero yazvino uno, zvisakiso zvamavara anogarwa nhaka, zvemhoteredzo, uye zvamahormone zvingaita rutivi mukenza yamazamu. Vakadzi vasina dziviriro kuizvi zvisakiso vangava pangozi yakawedzerwa.

Nhau Yemhuri

Mukadzi ane mutezo wemhuri une kenza yamazamu, zvakadai saamai, mukoma, kana kuti kunyange maiguru kana kuti mbuya, ane bviro yakawedzerwa yokuitanga. Kana vanoverengeka vavo vaine iyi hosha, ngozi yake ihuru zvikuru.

Dr. Patricia Kelly, nyanzvi yamavara anogarwa nhaka muUnited States, anoudza Mukai! kuti nepo zvisakiso zvokugara nhaka zvichibatanidzwa, zvinoparira bedzi 5 kusvikira ku 10 muzana yekenza dzose dzamazamu. “Tinofunga,” anotsanangura kudaro, “kuti chiverengero chedzimwe chiri nemhaka yezvisakiso zvisina simba sezvokugara nhaka zvinoshanda mukubatana nemhoteredzo.” Mitezo yemhuri ine mavara anogarwa nhaka akafanana inokombamira kushandisa mhoteredzo imwe chetewo.

Zvisakiso Zvemhoteredzo

“Nomutoo wakajeka kune zvisakiso zvemhoteredzo, zvinofungwa zvakafara, izvo zvinobatanidzwa” mukumutsa hosha yacho, akadaro Devra Davis, nyanzvi inotsinhira mumagazini yeScience. Sezvo zamu romunhukadzi riri rimwe ramativi emuviri anotapurwa zvikurusa nemwaranzi, vakadzi vasina dziviriro kumwaranzi inoita maayoni vane ngozi yakawedzerwa yekenza yamazamu. Zvimwe chetezvo navakadzi avo vasina dziviriro kumakemikoro ane muchetura.

Chimwe chisakiso chemhoteredzo ndizvo zvokudya. Vamwe vanokarakadza kuti kenza yamazamu ingava hosha yokuperevedza kwamavhitamini uye vanonongedzera kukushaikwa kwevhitamini D. Iri vhitamini rinobetsera muviri kupinza calcium, iyo pashure ingabetsera kudzivisa kenza.

Dzimwe fundo dzinobatanidza mafuta ari muzvokudya, kwete sechikonzero, asi sechinosimudzira kenza yamazamu. Magazini inonzi FDA Consumer yakadudza kuti mwero wokufa nekenza yamazamu wakanga uri wakakwirira zvikurusa munyika dzakadai seUnited States, umo kudyiwa kwamafuta namapurotini emhuka kwakakwirira. Yakatsinhira kuti: “Vakadzi vechiJapan munhau vane ngozi yakaderera yekenza yamazamu, asi ngozi iyoyo yave ichikwira nomutoo unokatyamadza, ichiitika panguva imwe chete no‘Kugamuchirwa kwetsika dzokumadokero’ dzemiitiro yokudya; ndiko kuti, kubva muzvokudya zvine mafuta akaderera kuenda kuzvokudya zvine mafuta akakwirira.”

Fundo yazvino uno inokarakadza kuti chiverengero chikuru chezvokudya zvinokodza zvinodyiwa muzvokudya zvine mafuta akawanda chingaparira ngozi chaiyo. Science News yakadudza kuti: “Chokudya chinokodza chiri chose chokunyanyisa chinomutsa ngozi yekenza yamazamu, nezvokudya zvinokodza zvimwe nezvimwe zvokunyanyisa zvinobva mumafuta kuchiparira ngozi huru inenge 67 muzana kupfuura zvokudya zvinokodza zvinobva mumamwe manyuko.” Zvokudya zvinokodza zvokunyanyisa zvinogona kuwedzera makirogiramu okunyanyisa, uye vakadzi vane uremu hwakapfuura mwero zvikuru vanofungidzirwa kuva neinenge ngozi huru nekatatu yekenza yamazamu, zvikurukuru vakadzi vakaguma kuenda kumwedzi. Mafuta omuviri anobudisa oestrogen, hormone yechikadzi inogona kuita nomutoo wakashata panyama yamazamu, kuchitungamirira kukenza.

Nhau Yomunhu Oga Namahormone

Mukati mezamu romukadzi mune nzvimbo yamahormone yakakura iyo inoita chinjo muzamu muupenyu hwake hwose. Dr. Paul Crea, chiremba wokuvhiya kenza, anonyora muAustralian Dr Weekly, kuti: “Muvamwe vakadzi, zvisinei, kusadzivirirwa kwenyama yamazamu kukunyandurwa kunopfuurira kwamahormone . . . kuchatanga ndaza yokuchinja kwamasero uko pakupedzisira kunoguma nokuchinja kusingarapiki” kwekenza. Nokuda kweichi chikonzero kunofungwa kuti vakadzi avo vakava namavambo okukurumidza kuenda kumwedzi pakuvambavamba, pazera ramakore 12, kana kuti vakanonoka kuguma kuenda kumwedzi, pakati pama 50, vane ngozi huru.

Maoestrogen okuwedzera anogamuchirwa kubva kuERT (estrogen replacement therapy) sebatano inobvira kukenza yamazamu yave iri nhau yegakava gurusa. Nepo dzimwe fundo dzichiratidza kuti ERT haiiti ngozi yakawedzerwa, dzimwe fundo dzinoratidza ngozi yakakomba nokuda kwavagamuchiri venguva refu. Ichirangarira fundo dzadzokororwa, British Medical Bulletin ya 1992 yakadudza kuti bviro iripo yokuti “oestrogen isingadzivisi kunamba mimba inowedzera ngozi yekenza yamazamu ne 30-50%” pashure pokushandisa kwenguva refu.

Mishumo pamusoro pebatano huri pakati pemishonga yokudzivisa kunamba mimba yamapiritsi nekenza yamazamu inokarakadza ngozi duku inobva mukushandisa. Zvisinei, panobuda boka rokuwedzera ravakadzi vari pangozi huru zvikuru. Vakadzi vaduku, vakadzi vasina kutongova navana, uye vakadzi vakashandisa mapiritsi okudzivisa kunamba mimba kwenguva refu vangava nengozi huru neinenge 20 muzana yekenza yamazamu.

Bva, vakadzi vatatu muvana vari vose vane kenza yamazamu havagoni kunongedzera kuchinhu chipi nechipi chakananga icho chakaparira kukuva kwavo nehosha yacho. Naizvozvo mubvunzo unomutswa wokuti, Mukadzi upi noupi anofanira kuzvirangarira amene akakotsekana kukenza yamazamu here? FDA Consumer inoshuma kuti: “Kubva muchimiro chendangariro chomushandi womukiriniki, vakadzi vose vanofanira kubatwa savari pangozi yakati yekenza yamazamu.”

Nokudaro, vakadzi, zvikurukuru avo vakura mumakore, havana dziviriro kuiyi hosha. Dr. Kelly anotsinhira kuti nepo paine zvinoparira zvakasiana-siana zvekenza yamazamu, ‘zvimwe zvacho, ndinonyumwira, zvinongova bedzi nemhaka yokukura, uye kuparadzana kwamasero kwakashata kunoitika.’

Chikonzero Nei Vasina Dziviriro

Kunzvera kugadzirwa kwezamu romunhukadzi kunotsanangura chikonzero nei risina dziviriro zvikuru kukenza. Mariri mune tumwena, tunzira tudukuduku, tunotakura mukaka kubva kuzvinogadzira mukaka kuenda kumunyatso. Zviri mumadziro metumwena twacho masero anoparadzana ndokuchinja nomutoo unopfuurira mukuita kunhambo yomwedzi nomwedzi yomukadzi, kuchimugadzirira nokuda kwemimba, kugadzira mukaka, uye kumwisa muduku wake. Ndimo mutumwena utwu umo kenza zhinjisa dzamazamu dzinotanga.

Mubhuku rinonzi Alternatives: New Developments in the War on Breast Cancer, munzveri Rose Kushner anotsanangura kuti: “Muitiro upi noupi uyo uri kukanganiswa nguva dzose nedzongonyedzo imwe chete kana kuti imwe—kunyange kana iri yomuzvarirwo zvakakwana . . .—unogona kutapurwa nengozi huru zvikuru yezvikanganiso.” Anopfuurira kududza kuti: “Sero rezamu rinoshandwa zvakanyanyisa riri kucheneswa nguva dzose muhormone iyo inoraira kuti, ‘Rega kuita ichocho. Tanga kuita ichi.’ Hakushamisi kuti masero mazhinji kwazvo omwanasikana anoumbwa nokukamukana anova asingadzoreki.”

Kenza yamazamu inovamba apo sero risiri romuzvarirwo rinokamukana, rinorasikirwa nokudzorwa kwomuitiro waro wokukura, uye rinovamba kubereka. Masero akadaro haamiri kubereka, uye pashure penguva yakati anokurira nyama yakapoteredza ine utano hwakanaka, achichinja mutezo une utano hwakanaka kuva une hosha.

Kuchinja Nzvimbo Kwechirwere

Apo kenza inenge iri muzamu, mota rinogona kubviswa. Apo kenza yamazamu inenge yapararira kunzvimbo dziri kure mumuviri, inonzi kenza yamazamu inochinja nzvimbo. Iyoyi sezvingabvira zvikurusa ndiyo chisakiso chorufu muvarwere vane kenza yamazamu. Sezvo masero ekenza anowanziridzika muzamu uye mota richikura muukuru, masero ekenza anogona kubuda chinyararire uye pachivande nzvimbo yokutanga yemota ndokupinda nomumadziro etsinga uye mumalymph node.

Padanho rino masero emota anogona kufamba kuenda kunzvimbo dziri kure dzomuviri. Kana akanzvenga dziviriro dzokusatapurwa nehosha dzomuviri, idzo dzinobatanidza masero anouraya omuzvarirwo anotenderera muzvose zviri zviviri ropa nezvinoyerera zvelymph, aya masero anouraya anogona kutapa mitezo inokosha, yakadai sechiropa, mapapu, uye uropi. Imomo anogona kubereka ndokupararira zvakare, pashure pokuita iyi mitezo ine kenza. Kana kuchinja nzvimbo kwechirwere kwangovamba, upenyu hwomukadzi hwava mungozi.

Naizvozvo, chinhu chinokosha kukupukunyuka ndechokuwana kenza yamazamu nokukurumidza mukutanga kwayo, isati yava nebanza rokupararira. Chii chinogona kuita mukadzi mumwe nomumwe kuti avandudze mabanza okuwana nokukurumidza? Pane chinhu chipi nechipi here chinogona kuitwa kubetsera kudzivisa kenza yamazamu pakutanga?

[Mashoko okukwezva vaverengi ari papeji 4]

Vakadzi vatatu muvana vari vose vane kenza yamazamu havagoni kunongedzera kuchinhu chipi nechipi chakananga icho chakaparira kukuva kwavo nehosha yacho