Ni ibiki bitegerezwa guhinduka?

“Intwaro si wo muti w’ingorane zacu; ahubwo ni yo iziteza.”—Vyavuzwe na Ronald W. Reagan, mu nsiguro ya mbere yashikirije ari umukuru w’igihugu agira 40 wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

HARACIYE imyaka irenga 30 Ronald Reagan avuze ayo majambo. Ico gihe, Leta Zunze Ubumwe zari mu ngorane itoroshe, iyo Reagan yise “amarushwa yo mu vy’ubutunzi akomeye cane.” Yasiguye ati: “Ingorane ijanye n’iduga ry’ibiciro ntiyari bwigere ikomera cane ukuraho canke ngo imare igihe kirekire cane gutya mu gihugu cacu. Tumaze imyaka mirongo tuza turasohora amahera menshi kuruta ayo twinjiza, tugashira mu kaga kazoza kacu n’ak’abana bacu kubera ukumererwa neza kw’akanya gato kwo muri iki gihe. Nivyabandanya gutyo, ntihazobura kuba uruhagarara rukomeye mu bantu, mu bijanye n’imico kama, mu vya politike no mu vy’ubutunzi.”

Naho biboneka ko Reagan yabona ibintu mu buryo bubi cane, yari yizigiye ko ibintu bizogenda neza. Yavuze ati: “Ingorane z’ivy’ubutunzi dufise zafashe imyaka mirongo kugira ngo zitsimbatare. Ntizizohera mu misi ingahe, mu ndwi zingahe canke mu mezi angahe, mugabo zizohera.”—Ni twe dushimitse.

None ibintu vyifashe gute muri iki gihe? Raporo yashikirijwe mu 2009 n’Ubushikiranganji bwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe bujejwe uburaro n’iterambere ry’ibisagara, yagize iti: “Abantu barushiriza kwongerekana usanga . . . bakoresha mu buryo burenze urugero ibintu bifasha ikibano, uburaro budahagije be n’uburyo bwo kwivuza bwataye igihe, biraburabuza iryo terambere. Nkako, [igisata kimwe c’Ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu] citwa ONU-HABITAT citeze ko mu myaka mirongo itatu iri imbere, umuntu umwe kuri batatu azoba abayeho asa n’uwihebuye, ni ukuvuga adafise akazu ka surwumwe n’amazi meza, ashobora gushikirwa n’ingaruka ziterwa n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere, ivyo bikazotuma indwara n’ibiza birushiriza gukwiragira.”

Ibiraje ishinga abantu bose

Aho woba uba hose, niwihweze ibibazo bikurikira:

● Woba wumva utekaniwe mu vy’amahera kuruta uko vyari mu myaka cumi iheze?

● Woba ubona ko amagara yawe n’ay’umuryango wawe yitwararitswe bihagije?

● Woba ubona ko ibibanza bigukikije bisukuye be n’uko ibintu vyifashe neza aho ubaye?

● Igihe wiyumviriye ivya kazoza, woba ubona yuko ibintu bizorushiriza kumera neza mu myaka 10, 20 canke 30 iri imbere?

Amasezerano hagati y’intwaro n’abanyagihugu

Intwaro nyinshi usanga zigiranira amasezerano n’abanyagihugu, ano akaba ari imyumvikano yanditse canke itanditse iba hagati y’abategetsi n’abanyagihugu itomora uburenganzira izo mpande zompi zifise be n’ivyo zibwirizwa gushitsa. Nk’akarorero, muri rusangi vyitezwe ko abanyagihugu bisunga amategeko y’igihugu, bakariha amakori kandi bagafasha mu vyo gutuma aho baba harangwa umutekano. Abategetsi na bo akenshi babasezeranira yuko amagara yabo azokwitwararikwa mu buryo bubereye, bagafatwa kumwe bakongera bagatekanirwa mu vy’ubutunzi.

None intwaro zoba zarashikije ivyo bintu bitatu? Raba ibimenyamenya biri ku mpapuro zitatu zikurikira.

Kwitwararika amagara mu buryo bubereye

Ivyo abantu bipfuza kubona: Kuba abantu bashobora kwivuza mu buryo butazimvye kandi bakavurwa neza.

Ibiba koko:

● Raporo yasohowe n’Ibanki y’isi yose ku bijanye n’isuku ivuga yuko “buri musi abana 6.000 bapfa bahitanywe n’indwara ziturutse kw’isuku rike no ku mazi mabi. Indwara yo gucibwamwo yonyene ihitana umwana umwe uko haciye amasegunda 20.”

● Itohoza rikomeye ryagizwe mu 2008 n’Ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu ryitaho amagara y’abantu (OMS) ku bijanye n’ukuntu amagara yitwararikwa mu “bihugu bitunze no mu bihugu bikenye,” ryerekanye yuko “hariho ubudasa buteye ubwoba” be n’uko “hatariko harashitswa ivyo ikibano kirushiriza kwitega mu bijanye n’ukwitwararika amagara gushingiye ku vyo abantu bakeneye, kutarimwo akarenganyo, kutazimvye kandi kwiza.”

Haciye imyaka ibiri, iryo Shirahamwe ryarabonye ko “intwaro zo kw’isi yose biriko birazigora kwitwararika amagara y’abanyagihugu. Uko abantu biterera mu myaka, uko barushiriza kurwara indwara zidakira, uko haboneka uburyo bushasha bwo kuvura kandi buzimvye kuruta, ni ko amahera akoreshwa mu vyo kwitwararika amagara arushiriza kuba umurengera.”

● Mu bijanye no kwitwararika amagara harabaye ibintu bitari vyitezwe bishobora kubangamira ubuzima: Ya miti yitwa ko ivura indwara zananiranye yoshobora kuba itakivura. Indwara ziterwa n’imikorobo zahora zihitana abantu amamiliyoni mu myaka iheze, nk’imibembe n’igituntu, zarahashijwe n’imiti irwanya imigera, uwa mbere muri yo ukaba watanguye gukoreshwa mu myaka ya 1940. Mugabo ubu, nk’uko bivugwa na raporo imwe (World Health Day 2011) yasohowe na rya Shirahamwe OMS, “imigera irinda imiti iriko irarushiriza kwibonekeza no gukwiragira. Imiti ikomakomeye iriko irarushiriza kunanirwa. Ico twokwita ububiko bw’ibirwanisho vyo kurwanya indwara buriko buragabanuka.”

Ibitegerezwa guhinduka: Turakeneye kubona iranguka ry’ubuhanuzi bwo muri Bibiliya buvuga ibijanye n’igihe aho “[ata] wuhaba azovuga ngo: ‘Ndarwaye.’ ”—Yesaya 33:24.

Ubutungane n’ukungana kw’abantu

Ivyo abantu bipfuza kubona: Ivyo kwinuba abantu b’inkehwa no gukubagura abakenyezi birangiye; hadasubiye kubaho abatunzi n’abakene.

Ibiba koko:

● Raporo imwe yagizwe n’ishirahamwe rikomeye riraba ivy’agateka ka zina muntu ryo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, yavuze iti: “Ubukazi bukorerwa abantu, amazu y’ugusengeramwo be n’inyubakwa zifasha ikibano kubera ukwinubana gushingiye ku moko, kw’idini, ku kuba umuntu akwegerwa n’igitsina kanaka, canke ugushingiye ku bwenegihugu, buguma ari bwinshi cane kandi bubandanya kuba ingorane ikomeye muri Amerika.”

● Itororokanirizo ry’amakuru ryagizwe n’Ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu rishingiye kuri raporo imwe (Progress of the World’s Women: In Pursuit of Justice) rigira riti: “Abagore amamiliyoni bo hirya no hino kw’isi barabandanya kurenganywa, gukorerwa ivy’ubukazi no kudafatwa nk’abandi mu ngo zabo, ku kazi be no mu kibano.” Nk’akarorero, muri Afganistani, abagore nka 85 kw’ijana ntibavurwa igihe bibarutse. Muri Yemeni, nta mategeko ahari ahana ubukazi bukorerwa mu ngo. Muri Repubulika iharanira demokarasi ya Kongo, abagore barenga igihumbi barafatwa ku nguvu ku musi ku musi.

● Muri Gitugutu 2011, Umunyamabanga mukuru wa ONU Ban Ki-moon yavuze ati: “Isi yacu irangwamwo ukwivuguruza gukomeye. Irimwo ibifungurwa vyinshi cane mugabo abantu umuliyaridi barashonje. Abantu bari ku rushi barafise ibihinda, mugabo abandi benshi cane bishwe n’ubukene. Hari iterambere rikomeye mu vy’ubuvuzi mugabo ba inabibondo barapfa buri musi bariko baribaruka . . . Amahera amamiliyaridi arakoreshwa mu kugura ibirwanisho vyo kwica abantu aho gukoreshwa mu kubakingira.”

Ibitegerezwa guhinduka: Turakeneye kubona abantu b’inkehwa be n’abakenyezi batarenganywa, abantu “banyag[a] ubutungane abarushwa” na bo bagakurwaho.—Yesaya 10:1, 2.

Ugutekanirwa mu vy’ubutunzi

Ivyo abantu bipfuza kubona: Akazi kuri bose; ugutekanirwa mu vy’amahera.

Ibiba koko:

● Ikigo kimwe (Worldwatch Institute) kivuga yuko “hariho abantu benshi bashobora gukora kugira ngo bateze imbere ivy’ubutunzi, mugabo bose ntiboshobora kuronka akazi. Ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu riraba ivy’akazi (Bureau international du Travail) rifatiye ku kuntu ivy’ubutunzi bisigaye vyifashe nabi, rigereranya yuko igitigiri c’abashomeri cashitse ku bantu imiliyoni 205 mu 2010.”

● Raporo imwe yashikirijwe mu makuru yo kuri BBC ivuga yuko “Ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu riraba ivy’akazi (Bureau international du Travail) ryagabishije ko ubutunzi bwo kw’isi yose bugira bwinjire mu kiringo gishasha kandi kigoye kuruta co kubura akazi coshobora gutuma abantu baja mu ruhagarara. . . . Igabanuka riherutse kuba mu vy’ubutunzi ryerekanye yuko ubuzi bungana n’ica kabiri c’ubukenewe ari bwo gusa bwoshirwaho. . . . Iryo shirahamwe [Bureau international du Travail] ryaraharuye kandi abantu bababazwa n’uko batagira akazi bakongera bagashavuzwa n’uko umenga hari abadashigikira utwigoro tugirwa two kugerageza gutorera umuti ingorane zo mu vy’ubutunzi. Ryavuze yuko abantu bo mu bihugu vyinshi cane bashobora kuja mu ruhagarara, na canecane abo mu bihugu bigize rya Shirahamwe ry’Abanyaburaya be n’abo mu bihugu vyo mu karere k’Abarabu.”

● Igitabu kimwe (The Narcissism Epidemic) casohowe mu 2009 kivuga yuko muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika “umwenda abantu bafise biciye kuri twa dukarata bakoresha mu gusuma kw’ideni ubu urenga amadolari 11.000 (nk’amarundi 13.890.000), ukaba ungana n’uwo bari bafise mu 1990 uwugwije na gatatu.” Abanditsi b’ico gitabu bavuga yuko abantu benshi bafata amadeni kugira gusa baboneke ko ari abatunzi. Ico gitabu kigira giti: “Iyo Abanyamerika babonye abantu bafise imiduga n’impuzu bizimvye, baca biyumvira yuko bategerezwa kuba ari abatunzi. Mu vy’ukuri, akenshi usanga umuntu ataba yihenze igihe yiyumviriye yuko abo bantu bafise umwenda.”

Ibitegerezwa guhinduka: Abantu bose bakwiye kuronka akazi, kandi bagakoresha amahera mu buryo buri ku rugero. Bibiliya iremera icese yuko “amahera akingira umuntu” mugabo kandi ikagabisha yuko “urukundo rw’amahera ari umuzi w’ibibi vy’ubwoko bwose.”—Umusiguzi 7:12; 1 Timoteyo 6:10.

Umuntu aravye ibivugwa ku rupapuro rwa 4 gushika ku rwa 8, womenga nta kintu na kimwe cotuma yizigira kazoza. Ariko rero, ntidukwiye kwihebura. Isi yacu izohinduka imere neza, mugabo ntizohindurwa n’intwaro z’abantu.

[Uruzitiro/Igicapo ku rup. 5]

Ni ibiki abakiri bato bavuga ko bohindura ku bijanye n’isi? Nk’uko bivugwa n’umuhora wa Internet witwa 4children.org, itohoza ryagizwe mu Bwongereza ku bana nka 2.000 bari hagati y’imyaka 4 na 14, ryerekanye yuko bokora ibintu bikurikira:

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[Uruzitiro/Igicapo ku rup. 5]

Itohoza ryagizwe mu 2009 n’Ishirahamwe rimwe ryo mu Budagi (Bertelsmann Foundation) ryarahishuye ibintu biraje ishinga kuruta ibindi abakiri bato nka 500 bafise imyaka iri hagati ya 14 na 18.

Mu bibazo abo bakiri bato babonye yuko bidahambaye cane, harimwo ibitero vya ba gaterabwoba be n’igwirirana ry’abantu. Mbere n’ingorane z’ivy’ubutunzi bazishize mu bintu vya nyuma ku rutonde bagize. Nk’uko iryo Shirahamwe ryabisobanuye, ivyo bishobora kuba vyatumwe n’uko abo bakiri bato batari bwashikirwe n’izo ngorane mu buzima.

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