Ingabe Kufanele Sikukhumbule Osekwadlula?

“INGABE amaJuda ayoke akukhohlwe UkuQothulwa Kwesizwe?” Lo mbuzo waphakanyiswa uVirgil Elizondo, umongameli weMexican American Cultural Center eSan Antonio, eTexas. Lokhu kusikhumbuza ukuthi izenzo zonya ezenzeke kuleli khulu leminyaka zingashiya imicabango engasuleki ezingqondweni zabantu. Ukuqothulwa kohlanga lwabantu base-Armenia (ngo-1915-23) nokubulawa kwenqwaba yabantu baseCambodia (ngo-1975-79) nakho kumelwe kuhlanganiswe ezenzweni zonya zaleli khulu leminyaka lama-20. Nokho, uhlu alugcini nje lapho.

Bezama ukukhuthaza ukubuyisana phakathi kwezisulu nabahlukumezi bazo, ngezikhathi ezithile abaholi benkolo nabezombangazwe baye bakhuthaza abantu ukuba bakhohlwe yizenzo zonya ababhekana nazo. Ngokwesibonelo, lokhu kwenzeka e-Athens, eGreece, ngo-403 B.C.E. Leli dolobha lalisanda kukhululwa ekubuseni kobushiqela okucindezelayo kwama-Thirty Tyrant, umbuso weqembu eliyingcosana owasusa, ngisho nangokoqobo, zonke izitha zawo. Ababusi abasha bafuna ukuvuselela ukuzwana emphakathini ngokukhipha umyalo wokuba kuxolelwe (okuyigama elisuselwa kwelesiGreki elisho “ukukhohlwa”) abalandeli bombuso wobushiqela wangaphambili.

Bayalwa Ukuba Bakhohlwe?

Kungaba lula ngandlela-thile ukuzama ukuyala abantu abangenacala ukuba basuse imicabango yezenzo zonya ezenziwa kubo. Ababusi banganquma ukwenza lokhu ngenxa yenzuzo engokwezombangazwe, njengoba kwenzeka eGreece yasendulo nasemazweni ahlukahlukene eYurophu ekupheleni kweMpi Yezwe II. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Italy ngo-1946, kwakhishwa umyalo wokuba kuxolelwe izakhamuzi ezingaphezu kuka-200 000 “ezazinecala lokuhlanganyela, ngandlela-thile, ezenzweni ezimbi zombuso wobuFascist,” kusho iphephandaba i-Repubblica.

Nokho, izinqumo zohulumeni noma izinhlangano zomphakathi zingenye into. Imizwa yamalungu omphakathi ngamanye ingokunye okuhluke ngokuphelele. Akunakwenzeka ukuphoqa izakhamuzi —mhlawumbe eziyizisulu ezazingenakuzivikela zezingxabano zonya, izibhicongo, noma ezinye izenzo zobulwane—ukuba zikhohlwe ukuhlukunyezwa okudlule.

Abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyikhulu baye bafa ezimpini zaleli khulu leminyaka kuphela, abaningi ngemva ngokuhlupheka okushaqisayo. Uma besingahlanganisa bonke labo ababulawa ezibhicongweni zesikhathi sokuthula, izenzo zonya bezingenakubalwa. Abantu abaningi benza okusemandleni ukuze baqiniseke ukuthi abantu abazikhohlwa lezi zenzo zonya.

Labo Abangathanda Ukusula Inkumbulo

Labo abancenga izisulu zezenzo zonya noma inzalo yazo ukuba zithethelele futhi zikhohlwe ngokuvamile bagomela ngokuthi ukukhumbula osekudlulile kubangela ukuxabana, ikakhulukazi uma sekudlule amashumi eminyaka. Bathi ukukhohlwa kuletha ubunye, kuyilapho ukukhumbula kungeke kubabuyise asebafa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bahlupheka kabuhlungu kangakanani.

Kodwa lapho bezama ukwenza abantu bakhohlwe, abanye baye baphika ngisho nobuqiniso bamacala amaningi ahlasimulisayo enziwa kubantu. Ngokwesibonelo, besekelwa abantu abazenza izazi zokubukezwa kwezomlando, abanye bathi akukaze kube khona UkuQothulwa Kwesizwe.a Baye bahlelela abantu ukuba bayobona izindawo ezazingamakamu okubulala, njengase-Auschwitz noma eTreblinka, futhi baye batshela izivakashi ukuthi zazingekho izindlu zokubulala ngesisi esinobuthi kulezo zindawo—nakuba kunofakazi bokuzibonela abaningi nenqwaba yobufakazi nemibhalo egciniwe.

Kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi imibono engamanga kangaka yezazi zokubukezwa komlando ibonakale iyiqiniso kubantu abathile? Ngoba abanye bakhetha ukukhohlwa amacala abo nawabantu bezizwe zabo. Ngani? Ngenxa yobuzwe, imibono yabo siqu, noma ukubandlulula amaJuda noma eminye imizwa efanayo. Izazi zokubukezwa komlando zithi uma izenzo zonya sezingasakhunjulwa, amacala ayaphela. Kodwa abantu abaningi bamelana ngamandla nalezi zazi zokubukezwa komlando, isazi-mlando saseFrance esazibiza ngokuthi “ababulali benkumbulo.”

Abakhohlwa

Ngokusobala kunzima ngempela ngabasindile ukukhohlwa abathandekayo babo abafa empini noma ezenzweni zonya. Nokho, abaningi balabo abafuna ukukhumbula izibhicongo nokuqothulwa kohlanga benza kanjalo ngoba bethemba ukuthi okufundwe ekuhluphekeni kwabo nokwabathandekayo babo kuyoba usizo ekuvimbeleni ukuphindeka kwalolu lunya.

Ngakho-ke uhulumeni waseJalimane unqume ukugubha isikhumbuzo sokutholakala kwezenzo ezishaqisayo ezazenziwa amaNazi ekamu lokuhlushwa e-Auschwitz. Ngokukamongameli waseJalimane, inhloso iwukuthi “ukukhumbula kuzoba izixwayiso ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.”

Ngokufanayo, ngosuku lokugujwa komkhosi weminyaka engu-50 selokhu kwaphela iMpi Yezwe II, uPapa John Paul II wagomela: “Njengoba iminyaka idlula, izinkumbulo zeMpi akumelwe zifiphale; kunalokho, kumelwe zibe isifundo esiqinile esizukulwaneni sethu nasezizukulwaneni ezizayo.” Nokho, kumelwe sisho ukuthi iSonto LamaKatolika alizikhumbuli njalo izenzo zonya nezisulu zaleyo minyaka.

Ukuze izizukulwane ezintsha zithole izifundo nezixwayiso ekuqothulweni kohlanga kwaleli khulu leminyaka nokwamanye amakhulu eminyaka adlule, kuye kwakhiwa imnyuziyamu—njengeHolocaust Memorial Museum eWashington, D.C., kanye neBeit Hashoah Museum of Tolerance eLos Angeles. Ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo, kuye kwakhiqizwa izinhlelo ze-TV namanye amafilimu athinta inhliziyo aphathelene nale ndaba. Konke lokhu kuwumzamo wokwenza ukuba abantu bangabakhohlwa abantu ababehlushwa abanye abantu.

Kungani Kufanele Ukhumbule?

UGeorge Santayana, isazi sefilosofi saseMelika esazalelwa eSpain, wabhala: “Labo abangakukhumbuli osekwadlula nakanjani bayowaphinda amaphutha esikhathi esidlule.” Ngokudabukisayo, njengoba kudlula izinkulungwane zeminyaka, isintu sikukhohlwa ngokushesha osekudlulile, kanjalo sizibeka esimweni sokwenza amaphutha amabi afanayo njalo.

Uchungechunge lwezenzo zokubulawa kwabantu ngonya ngabanye abantu luqokomisa ukuthi ukubusa komuntu omunye umuntu kuye kwahluleka ngokuphelele. Kungani lokhu kuye kwaba njalo? Kungoba abantu baye baphindaphinda iphutha eliyisisekelo elifanayo—baye balahla uNkulunkulu nemithetho yakhe. (Genesise 3:1-6; UmShumayeli 8:9) Futhi namuhla, njengoba nje kwabikezelwa eBhayibhelini, ‘isizukulwane esisontekile’ senza okufanayo futhi sivuna imiphumela yako.—Filipi 2:15; IHubo 92:7; 2 Thimothewu 3:1-5, 13.

Njengoba siye sathinta uMdali, uJehova, engxoxweni yethu, uyini umbono wakhe? Yini ayikhohlwayo, futhi yini ayikhumbulayo? Ingabe izenzo zonya ezibuhlungu eziqhubekayo ezenziwa abantu zinganqotshwa? Ingabe ‘ukonakala kwababi kuyophela’?—IHubo 7:9.

[Imibhalo waphansi]

[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni/Izithombe ekhasini 7]

“Labo abangakukhumbuli osekwadlula nakanjani bayowaphinda amaphutha esikhathi esidlule.”—George Santayana

Indawo yokushisa izidumbu nohhavini ekamu lokuhlushwa e-Auschwitz

[Isithombe ekhasini 7]

Oświęcim Museum