Icosta Rica—Izwe Elincane, Izinto Ezinhlobonhlobo

NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA! ECOSTA RICA

UKUTHI iCosta Rica iyizwe elincane kubonakala ngokushesha lapho indiza ingena eSan José Airport, engamakhilomitha ambalwa ngaphandle kwenhloko-dolobha. Uzithola udlula phezu kweCaribbean Sea, kuthi emizuzwini embalwa nje kamuva uzithole unqamula phezu kwePacific, ulungiselela ukuthi cababa phansi. ICosta Rica, izwe elinezakhamuzi ezingaba izigidi ezintathu, iyizwe elincane elinamagquma nezintabamlilo elihlukanisa iNicaragua nePanama. Ingelinye lamazwe angu-7 akha iMelika Ephakathi, kuhlanganise ne-Isthmus yasePanama, izwe elixhumanisa iMexico eNyakatho Melika neColombia eNingizimu Melika.—Bheka ibalazwe ekhasini 17.

Lapho usuzinzile, uhlabeka umxhwele ngobuhle bendawo yasemaphandleni eluhlaza. Kubonakala sengathi yonke indawo lapho ubuka khona, ubona izihlahla zesundu, izibhanana, umoba kanye nezindawo zokutshala ikhofi nezinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo ezingavamile, izihlahla, nezimbali. ICosta Rica iyipharadesi kumuntu othanda izitshalo. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba sigxile kulelizwe elihlaba umxhwele, ake sithi fahla-fahla ngomlando walo.

Elinye Elatholwa UColumbus

Ngo-1502, uChristopher Columbus, ohambweni lwakhe lwesine, yena nemikhumbi yakhe bahlaselwa isiphepho ngasogwini lwezwe namuhla elaziwa ngokuthi iHonduras. Efuna isikhoselo, wanqamula engxenyeni yeNicaragua manje ebizwa ngokuthi iMosquito Coast futhi wafika emzaneni wabomdabu okuthiwa iCariari. Yamhlaba umxhwele imfudumalo yabantu nohlaza oluhle. Yamhlaba umxhwele nakakhulu imihlobiso yegolide eyayigqokwe abathile bomdabu. UColumbus, enxanela igolide, waphetha ngokuthi lolu kwakuwugu olucebile ngamaminerali ayigugu. Nokho, amathemba akhe ashabalala, kodwa ngemva kokuba abahloli bamazwe baseSpain bebize lelizwe ngokuthi iCosta Rica, noma uGu Olucebile.

Phakathi nomlando, iCosta Rica yaqembuka ngaphansi kweSpain yazimela. Ngo-1949, ngemva kwempi yombango yesikhashana, lelizwe laba ingqayizivele emlandweni wanamuhla—umongameli wesikhashana, uJosé Figueres, wamisa umthetho-sisekelo owenqabela impi! Lesi sinyathelo esinamandla sakhuthaza abangane abathile baseMelika ukuba bathuthele eCosta Rica, lapho basungula khona ifektri kashizi, eSanta Elena. Uma kucatshangelwa amanye amazwe anezinkathazo aseMelika Ephakathi, iCosta Rica ngempela iye yaba isiphephelo sokuthula.

Izwe Lezinto Ezinhlobonhlobo

Njengoba sinqamula lelizwe elincane siyovakashela izintabamlilo iPoás ne-Arenal, zasihlaba umxhwele izitshalo nemithi enhlobonhlobo, izimbali zasendaweni eshisayo, izindawo zezimbali ezihlakuliwe ezivikelwe ngamanethi amnyama, kanye nendawo enkulu yokulima amajikijolo. Sazizwa sibancane eceleni kwamaqabunga amakhulu esitshalo i-sombrilla del pobre (isambulela somuntu ompofu). Amagquma ayembozwe izihlahla zekhofi eziluhlaza cwé ezinezithelo ezibomvana.

ECosta Rica, kugcwele izimvemvane kuyo yonke indawo. NgaseSan José, kunamapulazi amaningana ezimvemvane lapho ungabona khona futhi uthwebule izimvemvane endaweni yazo engokwemvelo. Enye incwadi eqondisa izivakashi ithi “kunezimvemvane eziningi kulelizwe elincane ukudlula lonke elase-United States.” Ithi futhi “ososayensi sebeyazi ukuthi iCosta Rica ingenye yezindawo ezinezinto eziphilayo ezihlukahlukene emhlabeni.” Akumangalisi ukuthi izazi zezitshalo nezazi zesayensi yezinto eziphilayo zithutheleka khona ziyohlola ukuphila okunhlobonhlobo eCosta Rica eyizwe elincane.—Bheka ibhokisi elihambisana nesihloko.

Esinye isibonelo sezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane zasendle izinyoni zaseCosta Rica. Kumelwe uhlale uqaphile ukuze ubone ezinye zalezi zinyoni futhi usheshe kakhulu ukuze uzithwebule! Imihlambi yama-parakeet aluhlaza yenza umsindo omkhulu nomaphi lapho iya khona. Ama-zopilote, noma amanqe amnyama, ayezula ngenhla, ekufuna ngamehlo abomvu ukudla kwawo okulandelayo. Phezulu emagatsheni emithi yehlathi ungase uthi shazí ama-toucan ayinqaba, anoqhwaku olukhulu. Sabona intaka enemilenze ephuzi kanye ne-kiskadee flycatcher enesifuba esiphuzi zithubeleza phakathi kwemithi. Sathi shazí futhi ne-hummingbird indiza phezu kwezimbali eziseduze ifuna umpe. EZooAve (i-Zoo Yezinyoni), sabona zonke izinhlobo zezinyoni zaseCosta Rica. Kwakunama-macaw amibalabala, anolaka ayefuna ukuqapheleka. Phela, ezinye izinyoni eziyinqwaba kwadingeka ukuba zigcinwe emakhejini, kuhlanganise nomkhaya wezikhova ezine, ezazihleli zisondelene, zibonakala zihlakaniphile.

ICosta Rica idume ngezinhlobonhlobo zayo zamapaki esizwe nawabantu ngabanye, izindawo zokulondoloza imvelo zamaNdiya, neziphephelo zezilwane zasendle. Eqinisweni, cishe amaphesenti angu-27 alelizwe avikelwe, okuyingxenye enkulu yanoma iliphi izwe emhlabeni. Ngakho uma uzimisele ukuhamba, ungazikhethela indawo engokwemvelo oyithandayo.

Uma kwenzeka uye eCosta Rica, kunesixwayiso nje esincane okufanele usikhumbule. Uma ushayela imoto lapho, ungase uxolelwe uma ucabanga ukuthi abashayeli abaningi abaphambi kwakho badakiwe. Ngani? Ngoba bavame ukujikajika kungazelelwe. Benzani? Bagwema imigodi egcwele emigwaqweni yakulelizwe. Ngakho, enye incwajana yezivakashi yathi ngokuqondene neMonteverde Cloud Forest Reserve edumile: “[Ingafinyelelwa] kuphela ngokukhuthazela amahora amaningana ezimweni zomgwaqo ezisabekayo; kutuswa ukuvakasha izinsuku ezimbalwa kunokuthatha uhambo olufushane lokuyobona nje.” Yiqiniso, uma uhamba ngemoto enomzimba oqinile namathayi aqinile, lemigodi ingase ingakuphazamisi kangako.

Ngempela, kunokuningi ongakubona nongakufunda eCosta Rica kangangokuthi ukuvakasha amasonto amabili kungakuvumela ukuba ubukhe nje phezulu ubuhle nezinto ezinhlobonhlobo zalelozwe elihlaba umxhwele. Ihhotela elithile lalinemibukiso embalwa e-zoo encane. Unogada ngomusa wasivumela ukuba singene emakhejini ukuze sithwebule i-toucan ne-ocelot. ECosta Rica kukhona futhi abantu abahlukahlukene abanomoya wokungenisa izihambi.

Umbuthano Oyingqayizivele Wama-tico

Ayini ama-tico? Lelo igama elivamile elinikezwa abantu baseCosta Rica. Livela emkhutsheni wokusebenzisa isijobelelo esiyisinciphiso esithi -ico olimini lweSpanishi. Ngokwesibonelo, elithi chiquitico lisho okuncane, elithi bonitico lisho okubukekayo noma okuhle, nelithi jovencitico elisho osemusha. Edolobheni lasemaphandleni iSarchí, izingcweti ezingama-tico zaziwa ngama-carreta azo, noma izinqola zezinkabi, ezizidwebela zona ngezandla. Ngayinye iwubunyoninco. Izivakashi zithenga eziningi zalezi zinqola ezincane.

Ekupheleni kuka-1994, ama-tico aba nethuba lokubona okuthile okukhethekile ezweni lawo lobuKatolika. Ngo-December 30 kuya ku-January 1, 1995, kwakuyizinsuku zomhlangano ongokwenkolo woFakazi BakaJehova owaqhutshelwa enkundleni yezwe kanobhutshuzwayo eSabana Park, eSan José. Wawunesihloko esingokweBhayibheli esithi Temor Piadoso (Ukwesaba UNkulunkulu), futhi oFakazi bafika bevela kulo lonke izwe, kuyilapho kwakufika amaqembu amancane ezihambeli avela kwamanye amazwe aseMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu. ECosta Rica kunoFakazi abashisekayo abangaphezu kuka-15 000. Babengaba bangaki abantu kulesi senzakalo esikhethekile? NgoLwesihlanu kwakunabantu abangu-21 726—abasha, abadala, abazali, izingane, bonke babegqoke ngokucoceka nangesizotha. NgoMgqibelo lesi sixuku sanda saba ngu-25-539, futhi kwabhapathizwa abangu-681 emachibini amathathu amakhulu ayebekwe ngasohlangothini olulodwa lwenkundla. NgeSonto isibalo sababekhona sakhula saba ngu-27-149! Yeka indlela okwazivusa amadlingozi ngayo izithunywa zevangeli, amaphayona (abashumayeli besikhathi esigcwele), namadoda, abesifazane, nezingane ezithobekile abazikhandla kangaka ukuze bahlanganise insimu yaseCosta Rica endlini ngendlu. Futhi yeka indlela okwakukhuthaza ngayo ukubona imikhaya eminingi kangaka enkundleni evulekile, izivikele elangeni ngezambulela zayo ezimibalabala!

Lapho isimiso siphela, izinkulungwane zakhipha amaduku azo futhi zawaphephezelisa zivalelisana. Kwakuyisikhathi esithinta inhliziyo.

ICosta Rica Idinga Izwe Elisha LikaNkulunkulu

Nakuba kunokuningi kulelizwe okukhumbuza umuntu ngepharadesi—izitshalo nezilwane zalo ezinhlobonhlobo nesimo sezulu esicwathile—ama-tico, njengabantu banoma iliphi elinye izwe, adinga ‘amazulu amasha nomhlaba omusha’ uJehova akuthembise ngoKristu Jesu. (Isaya 65:17; 2 Petru 3:13; IsAmbulo 21:1-4) Njengoba kubonakala emhlabeni kabanzi, kunezimpawu zobumpofu, njengoba imikhaya ihlala ezindlini ezingafaneleki. Kukhona futhi nezifo nokufa, okuhlupha sonke isintu. Ngakho-ke, oFakazi BakaJehova bashumayela ngentshiseko izindaba ezinhle zokubusa koMbuso kaNkulunkulu, uMbuso wonke amaKristu aqotho awucelayo emthandazweni odumile kaBaba Wethu, noma uMthandazo WeNkosi. Ngaphansi kwalokho kubusa kokulunga okuthenjisiwe, izinto ezinhlobonhlobo zaseCosta Rica zizoqhakaza ngisho nakakhulu, kube ukudunyiswa kukaNkulunkulu phakade.

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 19]

Izinto Ezinhlobonhlobo ZaseCosta Rica

Incwadi ethi Costa Rica—A Natural Destination ithi: “ICosta Rica igcwele izinhlobonhlobo zokuphila. Lelizwe elincane elihlanganisa indawo engaphansi kwezingxenye ezintathu kweziyizinkulungwane eziyishumi [0,03%] emhlabeni liyikhaya lamaphesenti amahlanu azo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane okwaziwa ukuthi zikhona.” Ngokwesibonelo, kukhona:

Okungenani izinhlobo zezinyoni ezingu-830, kuhlanganise nama-toucan nama-quetzal

Okungenani izinhlobo zezinambuzane ezingu-35 000

Okungenani izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingu-9 000

Okungenani izinhlobo zezilwane ezincelisayo ezingu-208, kuhlanganise nama-ocelot

Okungenani izinhlobo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezingu-220, kuhlanganise noxamu abakhulu

Okungenani izinhlobo zezilwane eziphila emanzini nasemhlabathini ezingu-160, kuhlanganise nama-poison arrow frog

Okungenani izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingu-130

Abanye ososayensi balinganisela ukuthi kungenzeka kunezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo eziyisigidi eCosta Rica.

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 19]

Izintabamlilo

Kwaziwa ukuthi kunemigodi yezintabamlilo engu-112 engasaqhumi kanye nesaqhuma. Intabamlilo i-Arenal ehlaba umxhwele, ephakeme ngamamitha angaphezu kuka-1 500 ingenye yeziqhuma kakhulu emhlabeni. Uma ufisa ukuyibona, kungangcono uhlaziye isibikezelo sezulu ngaphambi kokuba uthathe loluhambo olukhathazayo emigwaqweni enemigodi. Ngokuvamile i-Arenal imbozwa amafu.

Intabamlilo i-Irazú iphakeme ngamamitha angaphezu kuka-3 400. Yayiqhuma kusukela ngo-1963 kuya ku-1965.

Intabamlilo iPoás, ephakeme ngamamitha angaphezu kuka-2 700, iyintaba enamehlo amabili—elinye limhlophe futhi liyabila emgodini wentabamlilo oqubukayo kanti elinye liyichibi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka elizungezwe ihlathi elenile.

[Ibalazwe ekhasini 17]

(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)

NICARAGUA

COSTA RICA

Arenal

Monteverde

Poás

Sarchi

San José

Cartago

Limón

PANAMA

[Izithombe ekhasini 16, 17]

Ikhasi 16:

Intabamlilo iToucan ne-Arenal

Ikhasi 17:

1. Umgodi wentabamlilo iPoás

2. I-“macaw”

3. Umdanso ongokwesiko

4. I-“bromeliad”

5. Isitshalo se-“parasol”

6. Uxamu

7. I-“ocelot”

[Izithombe ekhasini 18]

UMhlangano “Wokwesaba UNkulunkulu” eSan José; kwabhapathizwa abangu-681, kuhlanganise noDigna (kude ngakwesokudla)