Ubhadane Lwezithombe Ezingcolile—Usongo Lungokoqobo!
LOKHO oye wakufunda kuyisiboniso sezindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili namuhla. Ingabe kuyakushaqisa? Ingabe kukwenza uphatheke kabi ngaphakathi? Nokho kuvela ezincwadini ezinikeza incazelo enhle yomongo wendaba wezinye zezindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili ezisemphakathini njengamanje. Nakuba imithombo ecashuniwe yasebenzisa ulimi eyayinomuzwa wokuthi lufanelekile ukuba lufundwe umphakathi, ukuze ingakukhubekisi, iPhaphama! kwadingeka ukuba ilungise futhi olunye lwalololimi ngokuqhubekayo.
Nokho, ukuthi ‘izindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili ziye zaba khona njalo, khona-ke akukho lutho okumelwe kukhathazekwe ngalo’ kubonisa ukungaluqapheli uguquko olubalulekile oluseminyakeni yamuva. Akusezona nje kuphela izigcawu zobunqunu noma ukuhlangana ngokobulili. Kulezinsuku sekuwukuvezwa kokungcola okwenyanyekayo, ukuphendukezelwa kobulili, nobudlova bobuhlanya. Kunezigcawu zokudlwengulwa kwabobulili obuhlukile nabobulili obufanayo; ongqingili besifazane, ongqingili besilisa, ubulili bomlomo, bendunu, nobeqembu; ukulalana kwezihlobo; ukulala nezilwane; ukuzwisa ubuhlungu, ukugogwa komzimba, nokubulala—ngokuvamile kuhilela abangakathombi. Kubalulekile ukuba sikukhumbule lokhu njengoba sicabangela umbono wabanye wokuthi izindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili azinangozi khonake ngaleyondlela azikusongeli.
Ziyingozi Noma Ziwusizo?
Kunemiqondo emibili ecatshangelwayo evamile ngemiphumela yezindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili. Omunye umqondo “uwukukhululwa.” Abasekeli bawo baphikisa ngokuthi awunamphumela omubi kubantu abavamile, nokho unikeza ukukhululeka okulondekile kwabahlasela ngokobulili, ngakhoke azinangozi futhi zingase ngisho zibe yinzuzo. Eqinisweni, labo abaphikisa ngalendlela bayavuma ukuthi lokho umuntu akufundayo noma akubonayo kuyawuveza umphumela. Ngokungaphezulu, bathi abukho ubufakazi obuqinile obubonisa ukuhlangana phakathi kwezindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili nokudlwengula noma ezinye izinhlobo zobudlova.
Kodwa amazwi anamandla ngokufanayo abonisa ukuthi kukhona ukuhlangana. Lawa ngamazwi anokuhlangenwe nakho—alabo okumelwe babhekane ngokuqondile nemiphumela ecindezelayo yezindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili. Izinkulumo eziningi ezifuna ‘ukwaziswa okungokoqobo kwesayensi’ ukuze kufakazelwe ukuhlangana bayazenqaba njengezingezinhle ngempela, futhi bagomela ngomunye umqondo ocatshangelwayo: wokuthi kunabantu abakulingisayo futhi abaye bakulingisa lokho abakubonayo ezithombeni ezingcolile zobulili.
Encwadini eyayiya kuThe New York Times, ongumsizi womhleli wePolice.Times wenza uhlu lwezibonelo zalokho okwenza abaningi emsebenzini wamaphoyisa bakholelwe ukuthi “izindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili zisiza ekudaleni isimo sokuziphatha nesenhlalo esenezela ekoniweni ngokobulili nasekuxhashazweni.” Ezinye izibonelo ezanikezwa yilezi:
● “UWilliam Marshall, otadisha ngabadlwenguli baseCanada ejele, ubika ukuthi ‘izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zemicabango yezindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili zingaholela ebugebengwini.’ Abadlwenguli abayishumi kwabayi-18 bavuma ukuthi izindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili zabathonyela ukuba baphoqelele abesifazane ukuba balale nabo.”
● Ngokomsunguli wePhoenixbased Citizensfor Decency Through Law, ‘Amaphoyisa abika ukuthi amaphesenti angama-11 alabo abahlupha izingane zabafana namaphesenti angama-87 alabo abahlupha izingane zamantombazane avuma ukuthi ukuzama ukuziphatha ngokobulili kwakulolongwa izindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili.’”
● Umnyango Wezamaphoyisa waseLos Angeles uveza ukuthi emacaleni angaphezu kwangama-40 okoniwa kwezingane ngokobulili kowawahlola . . . kwatholwa izithombe ezingcolile zobulili kuwo wonke amacala.”
● “Kusetshenziswa izithombe ezingcolile zobulili zabantu abadala nezezingane . . . ukuze kuyengelwe izingane ebulilini. Kwenye indaba, intombazane eneminyaka eyisithupha yakufakazela ukuthi uyise wayesebenzisa izindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili ukuze ayikhange.”
Ngokungaphezulu, ngokweThe New York Times kaMay 14, 1986, isigungu esicwaninga ngezindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili esakhiwa uMnyango Wezemithetho waseUnited States, ekuhloleni kwayo konyaka owodwa iye yaphetha “ngokuthi ukuba nezinto zaloluhlobo kunobuhlobo obuthile obuyimbangela kuze kube sesilinganisweni sodlame olungokobulili, ukucindezelwa ngokobulili noma ukuhlaselwa okungafunwa ngokobulili kubantu abangavikelekile kanjalo.”
Iqiniso, kunalabo abangavumelani nalesiphetho, kodwa ngisho noma besivuma isidingo sokulawula udlame olungadingekile nokuhileleka kwezingane ezindabeni nasezithombeni ezingcolile zobulili, ngenxa yalokho futhi bayavuma ukuthi izindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili ziyabathinta labo abazisebenzisayo. Kumelwe kube sobala ukuthi kukhona ukuhlangana phakathi kwalokho umuntu akubonayo nakufundayo, nalokho umuntu akucabangayo nakwenzayo.
Naphezu kwezinkulumo zokuhlakanipha ezimelene nomqondo wokuhlangana, into eyodwa iyakhanya: Abasunguli bezindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili bazi kahle ukuthi kungani bekhiqiza lokhu futhi abakusebenzisayo bazi kahle ukuthi kungani bekuthenga. Abasunguli bezindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili bayayivuma injongo yakho—ukuvusa inkanuko yobulili. Khonake yini elandelayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukushaya indlwabu noma okubi kakhulu, akunakukhishwa ngokungenaluzwela njengokuwukuphela komthwalo wemfanelo walowo okusebenzisayo. Umkhiqizo ngokwesimo sawo kanye wonakalisa umthengi. Wona nabathengisi bawo basoleka ngokufana ncimishi nomlaliso oluthayo nabawuthengisayo.
‘Kuthiwani Ngamalungelo Ethu?’
Kusekhona labo abaxwayisa ngokuncisha abantu amalungelo abo okufunda, okubuka, nawokuba nanoma yini abayifisayo ngasese emakhaya abo, ngokufanayo nangamalungelo okukhipha nokuthengisa izincwadi ezinjalo. Kwesatshwa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwazo kuzosetshenziswa kabi.
Lokhu ngokuvamile kuwukukhathazeka okuyiqiniso. Kodwa ngisho nakuba kunento enjengenkululeko yokukhuluma, awunakusho noma ukhiphe izinto ezithuka abanye noma wenze ukukhononda okungamanga emphakathini okungabeka engozini ukulondeka nokuphila kwabanye. Awukho uhulumeni womuntu oqinisekisa ngenkululeko eqinisekile. Kumelwe kucatshangelwe amalungelo nenkululeko yabanye.
Labo ababuza ukuthi, “Yini engalungile ngokubuka komuntu izithombe ezingcolile zobulili ngasese uma engazilingisi ukuze alimaze abanye?” abasinaki isimo esibalulekile samalungelo abantu. Njengoba izithombe ezingcolile zisetshenziselwa ukuyenga bona kanye abancane kakhulu ukuba bahileleke ebuhlotsheni bobulili phakathi kwezihlobo nakwezinye izinhlobo zokoniwa kwezingane ngokobulili, futhi njengoba kokubili abantu abadala nezingane ezincane eziboniswe ezithombeni nakumafilimu ngokuvamile bayaphoqelelwa ukuba bahlanganyele ekuvezeni izithombe ezingcolile zobulili, umuntu angaphika kanjani ukuthi ukulimala kuyenziwa kubona.
Ngokungaphezulu, kuthiwani ngodlame oluzwiwayo lapho labo abasetshenziselwa izindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili beboshwa, bezwiswa ubuhlungu, boniwa ngokomzimba, futhi kwenziwa kubo ubulili obubuhlungu, obungebona obemvelo? Futhi kuthiwani ngezinye izingane eziphendulelwa emaqenjini ezingane zobulili ngenxa yokuhweba kwabo okunenzuzo ezweni lonke? “Kuyenyanyeka!” usho njalo. Kodwa kuthiwani ngamalungelo azo? Ingabe ilelonani okumelwe likhokhwe ngenxa yabanye abantu ukuze babe nelungelo ‘lokujabulela’ izindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili? Ingabe lokho ‘kuwukwenza kwabanye njengoba ubungathanda ukuba benze kanjalo kuwe’?—Mathewu 7:12.
Khona lapho, abaningi bathi ukuhlolwa kwezithombe ezingcolile zobulili akuyona impendulo. Ngesizathu esisodwa, ukuze abenzi bezithombe ezingcolile zobulili babekwe icala kumelwe ukwazi ukubona okuyizithombe ezingcolile nokungezona izithombe ezingcolile. Nokho, ngisho nezinkantolo azizange ziphumelele ekwenzeni kanjalo.
Okusobala kuwukuthi wena nomkhaya wakho nisongelwa yilolubhadane lwezithombe ezingcolile zobulili. Amaphoyisa, amaqembu amelene nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili, abameleli babathengi, nabahlolayo bonke babonakala bengakwazi ukulawula noma ukuqeda umqedazwe. Ingabe ikhona indlela ngabantu abakhathazekile yokuba bavikele labo ababathandayo?
[Ibhokisi ekhasini 24]
“Amadoda amathathu athumba ngokuphumelelayo owesifazane, intombazane eneminyaka eyishumi nambili, nogogo, futhi babashaya baquleka, bebakhahlele ebusweni, ekhanda, nasemzimbeni. Ngemva kokuba bequlekile, bayadlwengulwa bashaywe futhi.”
‘lmizimba yabesifazane enqunu negogiwe iphanyekwa ibheke phansi ocingweni olunameva, futhi owesifazane aphoqelelwe ukuba [ahlanganyeie esenzweni sobuhlobo bobulili phakathi kwesilwane nomuntu].’
‘Amantombazanyana [ayehileleke ebulilini bomlomo nasohlotsheni lobulili phakathi komuntu nesilwane], nabafana abaneminyaka eyisishiyagatombili noma eyisishiyagalolunye . . . benziwa izisulu zobungqingili.’
[Ibhokisi ekhasini 25]
Ukutholwa kwamavoti kwangoMarch 1985 okwenziwa eUnited States iNhlangano yeCallup kwenzelwa umagazini INewsweek kubonisa imibono ethakazelisayo elandelayo yabantu baseMelika ezindabeni ezihlobene nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili:
● Amaphesenti aphakeme kakhulu angama-73 abantu baseMelika akholelwa ukuthi izincwadi nezinye izinto zobulili ezingokoqobo “ziholela abanye abantu ekudlwenguleni noma ebudloveni bobulili.”
● Amaphesenti angama-34 kuphela acabanga ukuthi izindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili zanikeza “ukwaneliseka okulondekile kubantu abanezinkinga zobulili.”
● Iningi, amaphesenti angama-76, ayekholelwa ukuthi izincwadi zobulili ezithe ngqo ziholela abanye abantu ukuba balahlekelwe yinhlonipho ngabesifazane.”
● Abangaphezu kwezingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu, okungamaphesenti angama-67, baba nomuzwa wokuthi izindaba nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili zingaholela ekuwohlokeni kwezimiso zokuziphatha zomphakathi.”
● Amaphesenti angama-63 avelele kuya kumaphesenti angama-73 ayecabanga ukuthi kumelwe avalwe ngokuphelele amavideo, amafilimu, noma omagazini abaqhamisa ubudlova bobulili.