Ukufakaza Ezweni Lezilimi Ezingama-700
INGABE uyalazi izwe elinendawo encane kuneSpain, kodwa elinezakhamuzi zalo ezingaphansi kwezigidi ezine zikhuluma cishe ingxenye yesine yezilimi zomhlaba? Ungalisho yini igama lezwe elingathwala cishe ingxenye yesiqhingi esingesesibili kwezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Lesosiqhingi iNew Guinea, izwe iPapua New Guinea, futhi isibalo sezilimi ezikhulunywa abantu abahlala kulo singaphezu kwama-700! Yaba khona kanjani lengxubavange yezilimi?
Ingxubevange Enkulu
IPapua New Guinea izwe eliyisiqhingi elingasenyakatho yeAustralia futhi elingamadegrees ambalwa kakhulu ngaseningizimu yenkabazwe. Yakhiwe iziqhingi ezishisayo ezingama-600 ezisabalalele ebangeni elingamakhilomitha ayi-1 600. Nokho, ingxenye engaphezu kwezine kwezinhlanu zayo yonke indawo yasePapua New Guinea isesiqhingini esikhulu saseNew Guinea, leso isizwe esisihlanganyela neIndonesia, ngasentshonalanga.
Abantu abafika kuqala ePapua New Guinea kuthiwa babesuka eAsia bedlula eIndonesia. Kamuva amaMelanesia namaPolynesia azihlanganisa nabo. Abantu behlukene ngebala kusukela kwabansundu ngokukhanyayo kuya kwabamnyama njengelahle futhi nangesimo somzimba kusukela kwabafushane futhi abakhulu kuya kwabade nabazacile. Ngenxa yobubi bezindawo eziphakathi nezwe, kanye namahlathi azo amakhulu nezintaba eziphakeme, izizwe eziningi zahlala ngokuqhelelana futhi zaziqambela izilimi zazo. Eziningi zalezilimi zasePapua zinemithetho yolimi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Yebo, iPapua New Guinea iyizwe elinezilimi ezingama-700, hhayi ezesigodi!
Ngo-1975 iPapua New Guinea yaba isizwe esikuyiBrithani Commonwealth. Iwumbuso obusa ngentando yeningi ephalamende onenkosi yohlu lozalo lwaseBritani njengenhloko yombuso kodwa enondunankulu wendawo. Nakuba isiNgisi siwulimi olukhulunywa yonke indawo namuhla, iningi lalabo abakulamaqembu akhuluma izilimi ezingama-700 likhuluma olunye lwezilimi ezimbili ezijwayelekile, isiHiri Motu noma isiPigdin saseNew Guinea.
Kunezelwa Olunye Ulimi
Nokho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyakukholelwa noma cha, eminyakeni ethile edlule kukhona “ulimi” olwalungekho kulelizwe lezilimi ezingama-700. Kwakuyiluphi lolo? ‘Kwakuwulimi oluhlanzekile’—iqiniso leBhayibheli ngoNkulunkulu noMbuso wakhe. (Zefaniya 3:9, NW) Lolulimi olusha aluzange lulethwe ePapua New Guinea kwaze kwaba phakathi nawo-1930.
Kwaqala ngo-1935 lapho iLightbearer, umkhumbi omncane kaseyili owakhiwa iqembu loFakazi BakaJehova, usuka eAustralia futhi ekugcineni ufika ePort Moresby ngasogwini olungaseningizimum pumalanga yePapua New Guinea. Lokhu kwakungokokuqala ukuba izakhamuzi zizwe “ulimi oluhlanzekile”—zizwe ngokoqobo isigijimi soMbuso kaNkulunkulu njengoba sasisakazwa ngezikhulisa-msindo endaweni engaphandle yeLightbearer.
Nokho, ‘lolulimi oluhlanzekile’ lwaze lwezwiwa kangcono futhi lwasetshenziswa ngo-1951. Kusukela ngalowonyaka kuqhubeke, oFakazi abasuka eAustralia, eCanada, eUnited States, eJalimane, eNgilandi, naseNew Zealand baya ngokuzithandela eTerritory of Papua and New Guinea, njengoba yayibizwa kanjalo ngalesosikhathi. Ngemva kokufakaza kwabamhlophe lapho, ngokushesha bathola izindlela zokukhuluma nabomdabu basePapua ngoMbuso kaNkulunkulu. Lokhu kwakuhilela ukuhamba indlu ngendlu, okwadinga umzamo owengeziwe ngoba ezinye izindlu zazakhiwe phezu kwezinti ezazigxunyekwe emanzini noma ezweni.
Yebo, ukuze kufundiswe “ulimi oluhlanzekile” kulabantu abakhuluma izilimi ezihlukahlukene, oFakazi abasuka kwamanye amazwe kwakumelwe bafunde okungenani olulodwa lwezilimi ezimbili ezijwayelekile. Lokhu akuxazululanga zonke izinkinga zabo ngoba alukho kulezilimi ezimbili olwaluwulimi olwaluncelwe izakhamuzi kodwa kwakumane kuyizilimi ezixutshanisiwe ezazenza abantu abakhuluma izilimi ezihlukahlukene bakwazi ukukhulumisana. Futhi ngisho nazo lezi ezimbili zazingeve zikhulunywa yibo bonke abaseziqhingini. Ngakho ngokuvamile ukufakaza kwakuhilela indlela enzima yokukhuluma kumuntu ngolunye lwezilimi ezijwayelekile bese ehumusha isigijimi ngenzuzo yabanye abakhona.
OFakazi babuye basebenzisa izindlela zakudala zokufundisa, njengokudweba izithombe ezingenamcikilisho oqwembeni noma kunoma yini enye etholakalayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izincwadi zeBhayibheli kanye nomagazini zatholakala ngezilimi ezijwayelekile isiHiri Motu nesiNew Guinea Pidgin. Incwajana ethi Jabulela Ukuphila Emhlabeni Phakade! ngalezilimi ezimbili iye yaba usizo ngokukhethekile ekufundiseni abahlala esiqhingini “ulimi oluhlanzekile.”
Abasebukhosini Bezwa “Ulimi Oluhlanzekile”
UJesu Kristu wathi abafundi bakhe ‘babeyomiswa phambi kwababusi namakhosi ngenxa yakhe, kube-ngubufakazi kubo.’ (Marku 13:9) NgoAugust 9, 1984, ezinye zezithunywa ze vangeli zoFakazi BakaJehova esiQhingini saseManus zanikezwa ithuba lokufakaza kwabasebukhosini, nokho ezimweni ezinhle kakhulu. Ngalolosuku uPrince Charles, indlalifa eyathatha ubukhosi baseGreat Britain, wayevakashele esiqhingini. Kodwa ake uvumele esinye sezithunywa zevangeli sixoxe indaba:
Esezikebheni ezihlotshisiwe, amalungu esizwe samaTitan ayiphelezela inkosi uPrince lapho iphuma emkhunjini wayo iya osebeni lolwandle, olungaphesheya nje komgwaqo ukusuka ekhaya lezithunywa zevangeli. Ngemva kokwemukelwa ngabadansi abayikhulu futhi seyibekiwe ‘njengomholi,’ yaya ekudleni kwasemini uNdunankulu wasesiQhingini saseManus ayememele kukho nezithunywa zevangeli. Lapho iNkosi, ibabuza ukuthi yini ababeyenza esiQhingini, ngenjabulo bayichazela kafushane ngomsebenzi wabo. Bajabula ngokuthola ithuba lokuyazisa ukuthi uNkulunkulu uJehova unoFakazi bakhe nasesiQhingini esikude saseManus.
Ngokungalindelekile, isisebenzi esathula izithunywa zevangeli kuPrince Charles sona ngokwaso sasizifundele incwadi ethi Ungaphila Phakade EPharadesi Emhlabeni. Ngesinye isikhathi, yayiye yadlula ekhaya lezithunywa zevangeli ukuze baxoxe ngesikhathi bephuza ikhofi bedla nekhekhe.
Ulimi Olusha Kowezombangazwe
Usomabhizinisi waseNew Guinea wayehileleke kwezombangazwe naseSontweni laseLuthela. Nokho, isonto lendawo ayesonta kulo lalihlukene kangangokuthi abefundisi ababili abaphikisanayo basungula amaqembu amabili alwa wodwa cishe unyaka ngemikhonto, imicibisholo, nangamahawu. Kulokho kulwa kwafa abantu abayisishiyagalolunye futhi abaningi babelimele. Lendoda yacabanga ukulishiya iSonto laseLuthela kodwa yayingazi ukuthi yayizowafunaphi amaKristu anobunye ngempela. Wacabanga, ‘Hhayi oFakazi BakaJehova, ngoba bangabaprofethi bamanga.’
Wayesekulowomqondo lapho iqembu lendawo loFakazi BakaJehova lifaka isicelo sokuqasha ibhasi lakhe ukuze liye emhlanganweni wesigodi. Ngenxa yezizathu zebhizinisi, wavuma futhi ibhasi lashayelwa nguye uqobo. Waba khona esimisweni sangeSonto futhi wahlabeka umxhwele kakhulu ngokuthula nokuhleleka, ukulalelisisa kwezilaleli—abadala nabancane—ezazilandela izikhulumi ngokuhlola emaBhayibhelini azo. Wamangala kakhulu ngisho nangokwengeziwe ngehora lokudla kwasemini, lapho ebona oFakazi abajabulayo bemi ngokuzithoba emgqeni belindele ukudla kwabo, abamhlophe kanye nezikhulumi belindele ithuba labo njengabanye futhi bedla ukudla okufanayo. Phakathi nohambo lokubuyela emuva olungamahora ayisithupha, wezwa oFakazi becula izingoma zoMbuso ngokujabula. Wacabanga, ‘Yeka umehluko kunamaLuthela alwayo!’
Lendoda yavuma ukutadisha iBhayibheli noFakazi osendaweni, kodwa ngasese, ukuze ingawacasuli amanye amaLuthela. Nokho, ngokushesha wathola amandla angokomoya okusula kokubili esontweni nasemisebenzini yakhe yezombangazwe. Yona nomkayo ‘bashintshela olimini oluhlanzekile’ futhi baqala ukuba “babize igama likaJehova, bamkhonze nganhliziyonye” nofakazi baKhe abanobunye.—Zefaniya 3:9.
Kusenokufundisa Okuningi Okumelwe Kwenziwe
Yeka umsebenzi omangalisayo oye wenziwa yizithunywa zevangeli nabanye oFakazi abaye beza ngokuzithandela besuka kwamanye amazwe bezofundisa “ulimi oluhlanzekile” ePapua New Guinea! Kusukela kubamemezeli ababili kuphela ngo-1951, inani labashumayeli abangoFakazi nabafundisi liye lakhula laba ngaphezu kwe-1 800, manje iningi labo liphuma kubantu basendaweni.
LaboFakazi basendaweni bawumthombo wesikhuthazo kulabo abaye basuka kwamanye amazwe bezokhonza lapha. Umzalwane oyiNgisi ohlala esiqhingini saseBougainville uyabhala: “Enye yezinto ezikhuthaza kakhulu ezisishukumisela ukuba siqhubeke sikhonza uJehova lapha ukubona indlela abazalwane bethu basePapua New Guinea abaqhubeka ngayo bekhonza uJehova ngokwethembeka, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima kakhulu. Abaningi babo abanawo amakhaya abo siqu kodwa kumelwe bahlale nezihlobo. Ngokuvamile kumelwe bahambe amabanga amade esimweni sezulu esishisayo noma emvuleni enamandla ukuze beze emihlanganweni noma baye enkonzweni yasensimini. Omunye wodadewethu basendaweni uhlala endaweni eyihlathi. Ukuze onge isikhathi lapho ehlangana nathi ngenjongo yokufakaza emgwaqweni, umyeni wakhe umwelisa umfula ngeshubhu elikhulu kanye nendodakazi yakhe encane nomntwana.”
Kusenomsebenzi omningi wokufakaza omelwe wenziwe kubantu bakulendawo. Banesithakazelo. Lokhu kufakazelwa iqiniso lokuthi abantu abayizi-10 235 baba khona eSikhumbuzweni sokufa kukaKristu ngo-1987. Kodwa kudingeka usizo olwengeziwe ukuze kunakekelwe sonke lesithakazelo ‘olimini oluhlanzekile.’ Kunjengoba uFakazi wakwelinye izwe, oweza lapha ezosiza lapho indingeko yayinkulu khona, ayibeka: “K wenza inhliziyo yami ibe lusizi ukucabanga ngabantu abaningi abathakazelayo kulendawo engayodwa enamahlathi yasePapua New Guinea. Asinazo ngempela izisebenzi ezanele kulensimu yalapha. Kunesidingo esikhulu ngempela kulengxenye yomhlaba. Siyazi ukuthi uJehova uyakuqaphela lokhu nokuthi uzokwenza amalungiselelo okunakekela labantu abalambele iqiniso. ”
Kuthiwani ngawe? Ingabe ungathanda ukuhlanganyela ekufundiseni “ulimi oluhlanzekile” kulelizwe lezilimi ezingama-700?
[Ibalazwe ekhasini 21]
(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)
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