Umculo—Ingabe Ungaba Yingozi?
‘KUNGENZEKA kanjani ukuba umculo ube yingozi?’ ungase ubuze. ‘Futhi vele, umculo umane nje uwumsindo.’ Yiqiniso, kodwa imisindo ingasithonya ngokujulile. Ubani ongathintwa ukuklabalasa phakathi kobusuku? Futhi kuthiwani ngohleko lwenjabulo? Uma elinye ilungu lezibukeli lihleka liphimisela, sonke isixuku ngokuvamile siqhuma ngohleko olungenakuzibamba.
Umculo Unamandla
Manje shintshela leyomisindo emculweni. Kuxhomeke ohlotsheni lwengoma noma umculo, ngokushesha izinyawo ziyoshaya phansi, imizimba ishwibeke, iminwe iqhwabaze, amazwi avungazele. Zonke izibukeli zingathonyeka! Zithonywe yini? Umsindo womculo.
Ngokwesibonelo: Ngesinye isikhathi uDavide, othintiwe ngaphambili, wakhonza njengomculi endlunkulu yeNkosi uSawule. Insizwa “yayinekhono lokubetha” ihabhu. Futhi nomculo wakhe wasiza ekudambiseni uSawule owayekhathazekile.—1 Samuweli 16:18-23.
Umculo uvusa imizwa. Isixuku singasukuma sime ngezinyawo lapho iqembu lejazz liqala ukushaya ingoma ejwayelekile. Abathandi bomculo weclassic bangahlabeka umxhwele uma belalela iOverture kaTchaikovsky ka-1812. Lapho kuqubuka izimpi, ombayimbayi bedubula kukhala nezinsimbi zokunqoba, cishe bazibona sengathi balapho. Yebo, umculo unamandla.
Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, abezombangazwe nababusi beye basebenzisa lawomandla ukuthonya izinhliziyo zabantu. Ngayiphi indlela? Ngezingoma zesizwe namaculo okushisekela izwe. Yeka indlela uHitler nenhlangano yamaNazi abasebenzisa ngayo ingoma Deutschland, Deutschland über alles (iJalimane, iJalimane ngaphezu kwakho konke) ukuba baholele isixuku endleleni yokufa neyencithakalo! Ngokuthakazelisayo, lengoma yasuselwa emculweni weclassic owaqanjwa uHaydn. Ekuphenduleni, iBrithani ngokushiseka yacula “Nkulunkulu Sindisa INkosi.” UHitler, naye, wamthatha kakhulu umculo kaWagner.
Amandla ashukumisayo omculo ayesobala nangezikhathi zeBhayibheli. Umbhalo kuEksodusi usitshela ukuthi lapho uMose eseNtabeni iHorebe eyothatha izibhebhe zeMithetho kuJehova, amaIsrayeli ahluleka ukubekezela futhi atshela umfowabo kaMose uAroni ukuba awenzele omunye unkulunkulu—isithombe sethole. Khona benza imihlatshelo kulesithombe emkhosini ongowenkolo. Futhi yini eyalandela? “Abantu bahlala phansi ukuba badle, baphuze; bavuka ukuyodlala.”—Eksodusi 32:1-6.
Lapho uMose noJoshuwa behla entabeni, bezwa ukumemeza ekamu lakwaIsrayeli. UJoshuwa wacabanga ukuthi umsindo wempi. Kodwa uMose wawuchaza kahle lomsindo. Kwakuwukuhlabelela, kungekhona okokuhalalisela ukunqoba namandla noma okokunqotshwa. Kwaku“wumsindo wokunye ukuhlabelela.” UMose wezwa ngomsindo ongavamile ukuthi umculo wawuhlobene nobubi. Kuyini lokho? Abantu babehlabelela futhi besina phambi kwethole legolide. Babehlanganyela ekukhonzeni izithombe okungenakuzibamba ngokuhlabelela nokusina. Umculo wawuphambili ekukhulekeleni kwabo kwamanga, okonakele.—Eksodusi 32:7-25.
Leso sehlakalo sinikeza izifundo ezithile kumaKristu namuhla. Ngesizathu esisodwa, umculo ungakuthonya. Izwe lanamuhla lithambekele kakhulu emculweni. Kodwa ingabe imiculo ehlabayo neminye imiculo ethandekayo, esikisela ubulili nekhuthaza ukuziphatha okuxekethile, kumelwe idlalwe emibuthanweni yoFakazi BakaJehova? Akumelwe kube njalo! Nokho, eminyakeni yamuva, ngisho nabadala abathile nabazali bekuvumela, kuye kwabakhona ukunganaki kulendaba. Eminye yalemiculo iphakamisa ukuziphatha okubi, ukuhlubuka, imilaliso ngisho nemimoya emibi.
Ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi umculo ngokwawo uyithonya eliphambene? Akunjalo neze. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, umculo wawusetshenziswa ekukhulekelweni okungcwele kukaJehova. Futhi uJesu, emfanekisweni wakhe wokubuya kwendodana yolahleko, wakhuluma ngoyise ezithokozisa “ngokuhlabelela nokusina.”—Luka 15:25.
Ingabe Umculo Ungadlulisela Umqondo Othile?
Ezikhathini zanamuhla umculo udlala ingxenye enamandla kakhulu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Emashumini eminyaka ambalwa amuva, izimboni eziningi zomhlaba zikhule ngokushesha, zikhiqiza amakhulu ezigidi zamarekhodi namakhasethi minyaka yonke. Lapho eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule ukulalela umculo kuculwa ngokoqobo noma ukuhlanganyela kuwo ngokushiseka kwakuwukuphela kwendlela yokuthola umculo, nalokho kwakungavamile, namuhla ukulalela umculo kuyinto eyenzeka nsuku zonke. Ngakho umbuzo ufanelekile—ingabe umculo ungadlulisela umqondo othile? Ingabe umculo ungakuthonya ukucabanga komuntu noma indlela yokuphila?
Isibonelo esiseduze sitholakala ezimemezelweni zomsakazo nethelevishini. Izimemezelo eziningi zezentengiselwano zihambisana nomculo. Khona-ke, ngosizo lomculo igama lomkhiqizo lifakwa ezingqondweni—ngisho nezabantwana.
KumaIsrayeli asendulo, umculo wawusetshenziswa ngendlela efanayo kodwa ngenjongo ephakeme kakhulu. Amahubo ayeculwa, ngokungangabazeki okwakusiza abantu ukuba bawazi ngekhanda umbhalo. Ngokwesibonelo, umbhalo weBhayibheli usitshela ukuthi, ekuvulweni kwethempeli likaSolomoni, kwakunabahlabeleli abangamaLevi nabanye “bephethe amasimbali, nezingubhu, namahabhu, kukhona kanye nabo abapristi abayikhulu namashumi amabili bekhalisa amacilongo . . . abaphethe amacilongo nabahlabeleli bezwakalisa kanye kanye izwi linye lokudumisa nokubonga uJehova.” Lapha, umculo wawungokomoya futhi wakha. Wawusiza ekudumiseni uJehova.—2 IziKronike 5:12, 13.
Cishe kungenzeka, ngalesosikhathi babehlabelela futhi beshaya iHubo 136, futhi umculo ngempela wawungabasiza ukuba bakhumbule amagama. Lokhu kubonisa iphuzu—lokuthi umculo ungadlulisela isigijimi esithile. Kungaba futhi okuthile kokukhulumela umkhiqizo noma umqondo othile, noma yokutusa indlela yokuphila, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umculo uhambisana namagama noma awekho. Lokhu kuyiqiniso namuhla kungakhathaliseki sikhuluma ngomculo weclassic noma izisho zomculo wanamuhla.
Ngokwe-Encyclopædia Britannica, emlandweni wayo kaLudwig van Beethoven, “oqashelwa kabanzi njengomqambi omkhulu owake waphila,” ithi: “Waveza ngokusobala kakhulu kunabanye ababengaphambi kwakhe amandla omculo ukuba udlulisele umqondo othile wokuphila ngaphandle kosizo lwamazwi akhulunywayo.” Irekhodi lakhe elaziwa emhlabeni jikelele iPastoral Symphony liyisibonelo salokhu. Ngokusobala lidlulisela uthando lukaBeethoven ngendalo. Yebo, umculo ungasishukumisa futhi uthinte imizwa yethu.
Thatha futhi njengesinye isibonelo imisebenzi yomqambi ongumOstriya uGustav Mahler, manje othandwa kakhulu ngabathandi bomculo weclassic. Esinye isazi sezomculo sikhuluma “ngomcabango wokufa” walomqambi futhi sichaze “ukufuna okuphikelelayo ukuba sithole incazelo ethile yokuphila eyofanelana nokuphila nomculo kaMahler.” Ekhuluma ngeculo lakhe iSymphony No. 1, umlobi uchaza elikuqukethe, uthi: “Injabulo yokuphila ifiphazwa umcabango wokufa.” Uyaqhubeka athi: “ISymphony No. 2 iqala ngomcabango wokufa . . . iphethe ngokuvuma inkolelo yomKristu yokungafi. Izici zenkolo zibonakala kakhulu kulamaculo.” Ngakho manje umbuzo uyaphakama, Ingabe ukukhungatheka kukaMahler ngokwenkolo, umcabango nokungasebenzi kahle kwemizwa kuyasithinta isilaleli?
Enye indaba yileyo yeThe Rite of Spring kaStravinsky. Lomculo weballet ubonisa umkhuba wobuhedeni lapho intombi esencane idansa ize ife ibonga unkulunkulu wentwasahlobo. Lomkhuba, njengoba omunye umkhulumeli abhala, “lapha ubonakaliswa ngomculo lowo isimo sokushaya kwawo ngokushesha singamandla esigqi sawo—amandla aluthayo, agcizelelayo ezimo zesigqi.” Umphumela uyesabisa futhi mhlawumbe ubangele ukungakhululeki. Eqinisweni, “wabalwa njengowisa ukuqiniseka kwabaseYurophu ngesiko lomculo.”
Ngakho, ngisho nomculo weclassic kumelwe ukwenze ume futhi uzibuze, Ingabe ukulalela kakhulu uhlobo oluthile lomculo kuvama ukungidangalisa noma kungijabulisa ngokweqile? Ingabe umqondo othile womqambi ungangingena ngokunyelela futhi mhlawumbe uthonye ukucabanga kwami ngokuhlukile? Yebo, uma umculo wakhe ungalululazi ukholo ngakuMdali nemisebenzi yaKhe emikhulu, ithonya lomqambi lingaba ngelingathathi-hlangothi noma ngisho linethemba. Khona-ke, futhi kunokwenzeka ukulalela umculo ngaphandle kokwazi ukuthi yini eyayisengqondweni yomqambi. Esimweni esinjalo, incazelo, uma ikhona, iyoxhomeka ngokuphelele emcabangweni wesilaleli.
Manje, ingabe lezimiso zingasetshenziswa emiculweni yanamuhla? Ingabe umculo wanamuhla uyakha noma uyonakalisa? Ingabe ungaba yingozi ekuziphatheni komKristu nobumoya bakhe? Isihloko sethu esilandelayo sizohlaziya lena kanye neminye imibuzo.
[Isithombe ekhasini 5]
Umculo ungasetshenziswa ukubikezela inhlekelele
[Izithombe ekhasini 6]
Ingabe Wonke Umculo Wabo Uyakha?
MAHLER
WAGNER
STRAVINSKY