Isifundo 22

Izethulo Eziphumelelayo

1-3. Esethulweni senkulumo ungasivusa ngani isithakazelo ngendaba na?

¹ Sivusa isithakazelo. Isethulo senkulumo sifanele sivuse isithakazelo ngendaba. Sifanele sikhange izilaleli zakho futhi sizilungiselele ukunikeza ukucabangela okuvumelayo kulokho okulandelayo. Ukukufeza lokhu, kudingekile ukubonisa usizo lwendaba yakho ezilalelini.

² Enye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu yokuvusa isithakazelo enkulumweni wukwenza izilaleli zakho zihileleke. Mazibone ukuthi lendaba ibalulekile kuzo, ukuthi iqondene nokuphila kwazo. Ekwenzeni njalo umelwe uqale esilinganisweni sezilaleli. Lokho kusho ukuthi lokho okushoyo kufanele kwaziwe ngokuvamile yizilaleli. Bekungahle kube-wumfanekiso, noma inkinga, noma uhume lwemibuzo. Kepha ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele kube-ngokuthile okwejwayelekile ezilalelini zakho ukuze zikuqonde futhi zikusebenzise kuzo uqobo.

³ Kungahle kudingeke, ngezinye izikhathi, ukuba kunqotshwe ubandlululo esethulweni sakho. Uma indaba exoxwayo ingeyempikiswano enkulu, lokhu kungahle kube-yiqiniso kakhulu. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo isethulo sakho sibalulekile uma uyobamba izilaleli zakho kuze kube-yilapho izimpikiswano eziqinisa iphuzu lakho zingahlanganiswa ngokuphumelelayo. Enkonzweni yendlu ngendlu kuvame ukuba-nokwenzeka ukunqotshwa kwezwi lokuphikisa elivamile ngokulisho kuqala ngendlela yamasu okungacunuli-muntu bese uqhubeka nendaba ofuna ukuyixoxa.

4-6. Yiziphi ezinye izisusa eziyosiza izethulo zethu zivuse isithakazelo na?

⁴ Lokho okushoyo kubaluleke kakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kepha ukuvusa isithakazelo ngesethulo sakho, indlela okusho ngayo kungathithi ibaluleke kunanoma iyiphi enye ingxenye yenkulumo. Ngalesisizathu isethulo sakho sidinga ukulungiselela ngokunakekela ngaphambili hayi lokho oyokusho kuphela kepha indlela ohlose ukukunikeza ngayo.

⁵ Ngokuvamile, imisho emifushane, elula iyoyifeza kahle kakhulu injongo yakho esethulweni. Njengoba ukukhethwa kwamazwi kubaluleke kakhulu ekufezeni injongo yakho ngesikhashana esitholakalayo sesethulo, ubungahle ukufumane kusiza ukulungiselela eyokuqala emibili noma emithathu imisho ngokunakekela ngempela. Yilobe kokulotshiwe kwakho ukuze uyifunde, noma yifake ekhanda ukuze amazwi akho okuqala abe-nawo onke amandla okushayana awafanele nawawadingayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lokhu kuyokunikeza isibindi esingaphezulu ekuqaleni nethuba lokuzuza ukuthi cósololo okwanele ukuqhubeka ngokungahloswanga.

⁶ Amanye amazwana nje maqondana nokunikeza isethulo sakho, nakuba umeluleki wakho engenakukhathazeka ngalamaphuzu ngokuhlangene nalemfanelo yenkulumo. Uma uzwa unovalo, khuluma ngokungasheshi nangezwi eliphansi. Khuluma ngokuzethemba, kepha xwaya noma yimuphi umcabango wokuba-ngongaphikiswayo. Ukuziphatha okunjalo kungahle kukuphambanise nezilaleli zakho zibekwa nje.

7. Ufanele usilungiselele nini isethulo sakho na?

⁷ Nakuba isethulo senkulumo kuyinto yokuqala ukunikezwa, ngokuvamile silungiselelwa ngokuphumelelayo kakhulu ngemuva kokuba umzimba wenkulumo uhlanganiswe kahle ngesu. Lokhu kuyokwenza ukwazi lokho obekuyokuba-kuhle kakhulu ukukusho ukuze wethule ngokufanele indaba oyilungiselele.

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8-10. Singazenza kanjani izethulo zethu zivumelane nesihloko na?

⁸ Siyavumelana nesihloko. Isethulo sakho siyoholela endabeni ngokuphumelelayo uma kuphela sivumelana nesihloko. Kumelwe kusetshenziswe ukunakekela okukhulu ukusebenzisa esethulweni lokho kuphela okunikela enjongweni yakho ekukhulumeni. Kufanele, phela, kuvumelane nemfanelo yesigijimi soMbuso futhi kuhloselwe ukungacunuli labo abangahle babe-yizihambi ezilalelini.

⁹ Isethulo sakho asimelwe siholele kuphela endabeni yengxoxo yakho, kepha simelwe siwuveze ngokukhanyayo umbono othile wendaba oyokuyiphatha. Lokhu kusho ukulinganisela indaba yakho esihlokweni esiqondene-ngqo bese, ngandlela-thize, ukhomba lesosihloko kangangoba kunokwenzeka esethulweni sakho. Uma ungasisho ngempela isihloko, ubungahle, ngezinye izikhathi, usebenzise amazwi ayisihluthulelo noma esihloko esethulweni. Ngalendlela izilaleli zakho azinakulindela ukuthi uhlanganise eminye imibono ethile yendaba isihloko senkulumo yakho ebesingahle siyisikisele.

¹⁰ Zonke izinkulumo zifanele zibe-yindikimba ehlangene, zingaqali ngenye into zigcine ngenye. Futhi, lendaba yokuba isethulo sivumelane nesihloko imelwe ilinganiswe nokwenza isethulo sivuse isithakazelo. Ngamanye amazwi, isihloko asifanele siyekelelwe nje indaba enhle zibekwa nje. Injongo yenkulumo yakho ifanele iphathe ukukhethwa kwendaba yakho. Futhi imelwe ifanelane futhi ivumelane nomzimba wenkulumo.

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11-14. Singanquma kanjani noma isethulo side ngokwanele na?

¹¹ Side ngokufanele. Isethulo sifanele sibe-side kangakanani na? Akukho-mpendulo eqondene-ngqo eyofanela zonke izimo. Ubude besethulo bencika esikhathini esivunyelwe indaba uqobo lwayo, injongo yenkulumo, izilaleli ezihilelekile nokuningi okunye ukucabangela okufanayo.

¹² Eqinisweni, ekulaleleni inkulumo, kufanele ngokuvamile kube-nzima, ngenxa yokuqhubeka, ukuphawula ukwahlukana okuchazwe ngokukhanyayo phakathi kwesethulo nomzimba. Lena yinkinga umeluleki wakho ayokuba-nayo ekuphatheni lemfanelo epheshaneni lakho Leseluleko Senkulumo. Bonke abafundi basebenzisa amazwana athile esethulo enkulumweni yabo, kepha umeluleki uyothakazelela lokhu: Ingabe isethulo sakho sizulazula, sixovaxove, siyindendende kangangoba izilaleli zakho zize ziyaluze ngaphambi kokuba zingene ezizathwini ezinkulu ezimelwe zinikezwe na?

¹³ Isethulo sifanele siqhubeke ngokukhanyayo, okuhlelekile nokusheshayo ukulandelana komcabango ngasendabeni ngaphandle kokuyekelela izimfanelo ezivusa isithakazelo. Simelwe siphelele, singabi-nazikhala. Lokhu kubizela ukucabangisisa, ngokuba uma ukuqala kwakho kukude nendaba kangangoba kubizele incazelo eyindendende nexovaxovayo, ngakho-ke bekuyokuba-kuhle kakhulu ukubukeza isethulo sakho futhi mhlawumbe uthole ukuqala okusha.

¹⁴ Uma kunzima ukuthola ukwahlukana okukhulu phakathi kwesethulo nomzimba wenkulumo, kungenzeka-ke ukuthi isethulo sakho side ngokufanele. Kuyobonisa ukuthi uzingenise kahle izilaleli zakho endabeni kangangoba zilalela izizathu zakho ngaphandle kokukuqaphela ngempela. Ngenye indlela, uma ziqala ukuzibuza ukuthi uyongena nini emnyombeni wendaba, ungaqiniseka-ke ukuthi isethulo sakho side kakhulu. Lokhu kuvame ukuba-wubuthakathaka ekunikeleni kwendlu ngendlu, lapho kuvame ukudingeka khona ukuthi uguqule ubude bezethulo zakho kusuka kwenye indlu kuya kwenye.

15, 16. Isethulo senkulumo sifanele sibe-side kangakanani lapho iyingxenye yenkulumo eyodwa ehlanganyelwa yizikhulumi ezahlukene na?

¹⁵ Lapho unikeza inkulumo okukuphela kwayo esimisweni, noma unikeza inkulumo yomfundi, isethulo sakho besingahle sibe-sidana ngezinye izikhathi. Kepha uma inkulumo yakho iyingxenye yenkulumo eyodwa ehlanganyelwa yizikhulumi ezahlukene, noma iyingxenye emhlanganweni womsebenzi, isethulo sakho-ke singaba-sifushane futhi sishaye emhloleni ngokuba siyingxenye yendikimba ehlangene eseyethuliwe kakade. Kuchitheka isikhathi esiningi ngokungadingekile ngezethulo eziyindendende, ezilukhuni. Umzimba wenkulumo oyonikeza imiqondo omelwe uyinikele.

¹⁶ Ngokubukeza, isethulo sakho simelwe sihlanganise kuphela, sivuse isithakazelo futhi siholele endabeni oyoyixoxa. Yenza lokhu ngokushesha okunokwenzeka bese ungena olwazini lwangempela lwendaba yakho.