I-batik—Indwangu Enhle Yase-Indonesia

SEKUYIMINYAKA eminingi i-batik ikhona, kodwa ayiphelelwa yisikhathi. Igqokwa abasebukhosini uma beya emicimbini ephambili, njengoba kunjalo nangalabo abadayisa ezimakethe. Yinhle, inemibala egqamile futhi iyizinhlobo eziningi. Kodwa yini i-batik? Yenziwa kanjani? Yavelaphi? Isetshenziswa kanjani namuhla?

I-batik yindwangu enomlando wasendulo. Umklamo wayo wenziwa ngendlela ekhethekile futhi esiyingxenye ebalulekile yesiko-mpilo lase-Indonesia. Izindwangu ezifana nayo zithandwa kuwo wonke umhlaba.

Ukuhlanganiswa Kukadayi Nengcina

Umenzi we-batik ochwepheshile wenza le ndwangu ngokusebenzisa ithuluzi elincane lethusi elinoketshezi lwengcina ukuze adwebe imiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi endwangwini. Uma ingcina seyomile, indwangu iyadaywa. Izingxenye zendwangu ezinengcina azidayeki, zilondoloza umbala wazo wemvelo. Le nqubo ivame ukuphindaphindwa kusetshenziswa odayi abanemibala ehlukahlukene ukuze kwenziwe imiklamo egqamile.

Phakathi nekhulu le-19, abadwebi be-batik babesebenzisa izigxivizo zethusi lapho befaka ingcina. Le ndlela yayishesha kunokusebenzisa ithuluzi eliphathwa ngesandla futhi yayisetshenziselwa nokwenza imiklamo efana nsé. Phakathi nekhulu lama-20, izimboni zaqala ukwenza imiklamo noma imifanekiso endwangwini. Isadayisa namanje i-batik eyenziwe ngesandla. Kodwa, ezimakethe namuhla sekuvame kakhulu i-batik ependwe ngendlela yezimboni zemikhiqizo.

Ngokuvamile, kusetshenziswa ukotini noma usilika uma kwenziwa i-batik. Odayi benziwa ngamaqabunga, ngokhuni, ngeziqu zemithi nangezinongo, konke lokhu okutholakala endaweni nakuba zikhona nezinye izinhlobo zikadayi eziyingxube. Ngaphambi kokuba kusetshenziswe ingcina, kwakusetshenziswa imifino egxotshiwe, amafutha ezilwane ngisho nodaka ukuze kwenziwe imiklamo. Namuhla, sekunezinhlobo zengcina eziyingxube. Kodwa, isasetshenziswa ingxube kaphalafini nengcina eyenziwa ngamakhekheba ezinyosi.

Inomlando Omude—Nekusasa Eliqhakazile

Akekho owaziyo ngempela ukuthi i-batik yaqala nini ukwenziwa. EChina, izinsalela zayo zihlehlela emuva ekhulwini lesithupha C.E. Akukacaci namanje ukuthi bafika nini lobu buciko e-Indonesia, kodwa ngekhulu le-17, kwase kunobufakazi bokuhwebelana nge-batik yase-Indonesia.

Emashumini eminyaka amuva, i-batik iye yathandwa kakhulu futhi isiwuphawu lwesizwe sase-Indonesia. Ngo-2009, lapho i-UNESCO ihlonipha umlando omude we-batik yase-Indonesia nethonya layo emasikweni akuleli zwe, yathi i-batik ingelinye “Lamagugu Awusiko-mpilo Lwesintu Elinomsuka Ongaziwa.”

Izingubo Ezenziwe Nge-batik

Kunezindlela zomdabu zokugqoka i-batik, zokuyigoqa nokuyenza ezithonywa yizinkolelo nezinkolelo-ze zendawo. Izifundazwe eziningi zase-Indonesia zinemibala yazo ye-batik kanye nezinhlobo zazo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-batik yasogwini lweJava olusenyakatho inemibala egqamile, ngokuvamile eba nemidwebo yezimbali, imidwebo yezinyoni nezinye izilwane. Kodwa i-batik yamaphakathi neJava ivame ukuba nemibala embalwa efanayo, futhi ivame ukuba nemidwebo eyimiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi. Kunemiklamo ye-batik eyaziwayo engaba ngu-3 000.

Indwangu yomdabu ye-batik ibizwa ngokuthi i-selendang, esebenza njengebhayi noma indwangu yokubopha izinto uzitshathe futhi imbathwa abesifazane. Abesifazane babeletha ngayo izingane noma baphathe ngayo izimpahla abazithenge emakethe. Kodwa leli bhayana libuye lisetshenziselwe ukwemboza ikhanda uma ilanga libalele.

Amadoda asebenzisa indwangu yomdabu yokumboza ikhanda, ebizwa ngokuthi i-iket kepala. Le ndwangu ye-batik eyisikwele kushuqulwa ngayo. Ibhekwa njengento ehloniphekile lapho kunemicimbi.

Enye ingubo yokugqoka ethandwayo eyenziwe nge-batik, yindwangu engunxantathu eboshwa emzimbeni, ebizwa ngokuthi i-sarong. Ngezinye izikhathi amachopho amabili ale ndwangu athungelwa ndawonye akhe okusamkhono. I-sarong evamile ibhincwa okhalweni bese yehlela emilenzeni, njengokungathi iyisiketi esinganamatheli emzimbeni. Igqokwa abesilisa nabesifazane.

I-batik isetshenziswa cishe kunoma yisiphi isitayela sento egqokwayo, kusukela emabhulukweni apholile kuya ezingutsheni eziphambili. Kodwa le ndwangu ibuye isetshenziswe nasemidwebweni, ezintweni ezilengiswa odongeni, ezindwangwini zamatafula nezemibhede njalonjalo. Isihambi esizihambela emakethe yase-Indonesia singase sibone izikhwama ezenziwe ngesitayela se-batik, izinxabulela, amalambu ngisho nezembozo zama-laptop. Ziningi kakhulu izinhlobo zale ndwangu enhle kakhulu!

[Isithombe ekhasini 23]

Kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elincane lethusi olunengcina ewuketshezi ukuze kudwetshwe ngesandla imiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi

[Isithombe ekhasini 23]

Indwangu enomklamo wengcina icwiliswa ngokuphindaphindiwe kudayi

[Izithombe ekhasini 23]

Ingubo Ye-batik

1. I-selendang

2. I-iket kepala

3. I-sarong