Yimuphi Umbono Onengqondo Kakhudlwana?
AKUKHO muntu owayekhona lapho izinto eziphilayo ziqala ukuba khona emhlabeni. Kanti akekho futhi nowake wabona uhlobo oluthile lwento luphenduka luba olunye—ngokwesibonelo, isilwane esihuquzelayo siba isilwane esincelisayo.a Ngakho-ke, kumelwe sincike ebufakazini obutholakalayo ukuze sifinyelele iziphetho ngomsuka wezinto eziphilayo. Kufanele futhi sibamukele njengoba bunjalo ubufakazi kunokubuphoqa ukuba buvumelane nathi.
Nokho, abaningi abangakholelwa kuNkulunkulu banombono wokuthi isayensi isekelwe kuphela ezintweni ezibambekayo—ifilosofi yokuthi izinto eziphilayo zavela ezintweni ezibambekayo. Isazi sokuziphendukela kwemvelo uRichard C. Lewontin sabhala, “Sesizinikele kakade . . . ekukholelweni ezintweni ezibambekayo kuphela. Ukuthi izinto ezibambekayo yizo kuphela ezikhona, ngoba asinakuyivuma indaba yokuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona.” Khona-ke, abantu abanale nkolelo banamathela kokuwukuphela kwento engavumelana nabo—ukuziphendukela kwemvelo.
Ngisho nabantu abasontayo kungenzeka sebenemibono ethile esonta indlela ababheka ngayo isayensi. Ngokwesibonelo, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, abanye abakholelwa endalweni banamathele embonweni oyiphutha wokuthi uNkulunkulu wadala umhlaba ngezinsuku eziyisithupha zamahora angu-24 okuyiminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa edlule. Njengoba sebezinikele kule nkolelo, bazama ukuphoqa ubufakazi ukuba buvumelane nencazelo yabo eyeqisayo ngeBhayibheli. (Bheka ibhokisi elithi “Lude Kangakanani ‘Usuku’?” ekhasini 9.) Abantu abalichaza ngalezi zindlela ezeqisayo iBhayibheli nesayensi, abazitholi izimpendulo ezanelisayo uma bezama ukuthola ubufakazi bezinkolelo zabo.
Yimuphi Umbono Ohambisana Nawo Wonke Amaqiniso?
Ngokuqondene nemvelaphi yezinhlayiya eziyinkimbinkimbi ezakha izinto eziphilayo, ezinye izazi zokuziphendukela kwemvelo zikholelwa kulokhu:
1. Kwahlangana izakhi eziyinhloko ngandlela-thile zakha izinhlayiya eziyisisekelo.
2. Lezo zinhlayiya zabe sezihlangana zahleleka ngendlela edingekayo ukuze kwakheke i-DNA, i-RNA noma iprotheni ekwazi ukumumatha ukwaziswa okudingekayo ukuze kube nokuphila.
3. Ngandlela-thile lezi zinhlayiya zakha inqubo ethile edingekayo ukuze ziziphindaphinde. Ngaphandle kokuba ziziphindaphinde, bekungeke kube khona ukuziphendukela kwemvelo noma ukuphila.
Izinhlayiya ezidingekayo ukuze kube nokuphila zakheka kanjani futhi zawathola kanjani amakhono azo amangalisayo zibe zingenaye umklami ohlakaniphile? Ucwaningo oluphathelene nokuziphendukela kwemvelo luyehluleka ukunikeza izincazelo ezanele noma izimpendulo ezigculisayo zemibuzo emayelana nemvelaphi yezinto eziphilayo. Empeleni labo abaphika indima yoMdali onenjongo bathi amandla obunkulunkulu amane angamandla ezinhlayiya ezingenanjongo kanye nawemvelo.
Nokho, amaqiniso abonisani? Ubufakazi obukhona bubonisa ukuthi kunokuba izinhlayiya zishintshe zibe izinto eziphilayo eziyinkimbinkimbi, kwenzeka okuphambene: Imithetho yemvelo yenza ukuba izinto ezihlukahlukene—imishini, izindlu ngisho namangqamuzana aphilayo—ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ziwohloke.b Kodwa izazi zokuziphendukela kwemvelo zithi kwenzeka okuhlukile. Ngokwesibonelo, incwadi ethi Evolution for Dummies ithi ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwabangelwa ukuthi umhlaba “uthola amandla amaningi avela elangeni futhi lawo mandla yiwona abangela ukuba izinto zibe yinkimbinkimbi nakakhulu.”
Empeleni kudingeka amandla ukuze into engahlelekile ihleleke—ngokwesibonelo, kudingeka amandla ukuze kwakhiwe indlu ngezitini, izingodo nezipikili. Kodwa lawo mandla, kufanele alawulwe ngokugcwele futhi aqondiswe ngokunembile ngenxa yokuthi amandla angalawulwa akubangela ngokushesha ukuwohloka, njengoba nje amandla avela elangeni nesimo sezulu kungenza isakhiwo siwohloke ngokushesha.c Labo abakholelwa ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo abanakuyichaza ngokugculisayo indlela amandla alawulwa futhi aqondiswe ngayo ukuze kwakheke izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma sibheka izinto eziphilayo nendawo yonke njengemisebenzi yoMdali ohlakaniphile ‘onamandla amaningi ashukumisayo,’ ngeke sagcina ngokuchaza ubunkimbinkimbi besimiso sokwaziswa esiphathelene nezinto eziphilayo, kodwa singachaza namandla ahlelwe ngobunyoninco alawula izinto ezikhona, kusukela emithaleni emikhulu kuya kuma-atom amancane.d—Isaya 40:26.
Ukukholelwa kuMdali kuyavumelana futhi nombono manje osewamukelwa kabanzi wokuthi indawo ebonakalayo yaba nesiqalo. “Ekuqaleni uNkulunkulu wadala amazulu nomhlaba,” kusho uGenesise 1:1.
Njalo nje, izinto ezintsha ezitholakalayo zenza kube nzima ukufakazela ifilosofi yokukholelwa ezintweni ezibambekayo kuphela, okuyiqiniso eliye lashukumisela abanye abangakholelwa kuNkulunkulu ukuba bayihlole kabusha imibono yabo.e Yebo, abanye ababekholelwa ukuthi uNkulunkulu akekho baye bafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi izimangaliso zendawo yonke ziwubufakazi obusobala ‘bezimfanelo ezingabonakali namandla angunaphakade’ oMdali wethu, uJehova uNkulunkulu. (Roma 1:20) Ngeke uthande yini ukuyihlola ngokwengeziwe le ndaba? Ayikho indaba ebaluleke njengale.f
[Imibhalo yaphansi]
a Nakuba isazi sezinto eziphilayo u-Ernst Mayr sasikholelwa ngokuqinile ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo, savuma ukuthi “umlando wemivubukulo unokungaxhumani,” ngoba izinhlobo ezintsha zezinto eziphilayo zavele zaba khona.
b Ososayensi bathi ukuwohloka okunjalo kubangelwa umthetho wesibili wokushintsha kwamandla nokwakheka kwezinto. Ngamafuphi nje, lo mthetho uthi kungokwemvelo ukuthi izinto ezihlelekile ziwohloke zigcine seziyinhlakanhlaka.
c I-DNA ingashintshwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo, okungabangelwa izinto ezinjengemisebe namakhemikhali athile. Kodwa lokhu akuvezi izinhlobo ezintsha zezinto eziphilayo.—Bheka isihloko esithi “Ingabe Ukuziphendukela Kwemvelo Kuyiqiniso?” esikuyi-Phaphama! ka-September 2006.
d Bheka incwadi ethi Is There a Creator Who Cares About You? enyatheliswa oFakazi BakaJehova.
e Bheka isihloko esithi “Ngakhula Ngingakholelwa KuNkulunkulu,” kuyi-Phaphama! ka-November 2010.
f Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe ngendaba yokudala nokuziphendukela kwemvelo, sicela uhlole incwajana ethi Ingabe Izinto Eziphilayo Zadalwa? nethi The Origin of Life—Five Questions Worth Asking, ezinyatheliswa oFakazi BakaJehova.
[Ibhokisi ekhasini 8
INGABE ABANTU BATHUTHUKELA EKUBENI NGCONO NOMA BAYAWOHLOKA?
Ososayensi abathile bakhathazeke kakhulu ngokuthi izakhi zofuzo zesintu ziyawohloka ngenxa yokwanda koshintsho olwenzeka kuzo noma ngenxa yezici zokungapheleli. Uma kuyiqiniso lokho, lokhu kungase kuphikise umbono wokuthi siyathuthuka. Kodwa uma kunguNkulunkulu owadala ufuzo kubantu, kungani luwohloka? IBhayibheli lisitshela lokho isayensi engenakusitshela khona—ukuthi ukungapheleli kwabangelwa yisono noma ukungamlaleli uNkulunkulu. EyabaseRoma 5:12 ithi, “Ngomuntu oyedwa isono sangena ezweni nokufa kwangena ngesono.” Ngakho-ke, ukuwohloka kofuzo kuphikisana nokuziphendukela kwemvelo kodwa kusekela iBhayibheli. Ingabe lokho kusho ukuthi ufuzo luyoqhubeka luwohloka kuze kube phakade? Cha! UNkulunkulu uthembise ukungenela ezindabeni zabantu futhi alungise umonakalo owabangelwa abazali bethu bokuqala. Yebo, uMdali wethu oyophelelisa ufuzo lwethu, hhayi ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okungenangqondo.—IsAmbulo 21:3, 4.
[Ibhokisi ekhasini 9]
LUDE KANGAKANANI “USUKU”?
EBhayibhelini, igama elithi “usuku” lingabhekisela ezikhathi ezinobude obungalingani. Ngokwesibonelo, kuGenesise 2:4, sonke isikhathi sokudala “esiyizinsuku” eziyisithupha kubhekiselwa kuso ngokuthi “ngosuku uJehova uNkulunkulu enza ngalo umhlaba nezulu.” Ngokusobala usuku ngalunye lwaluyisikhathi eside impela. Ngokuthakazelisayo, nakuba iBhayibheli likhuluma ngokuqondile ngokuphela “kosuku” ngalunye kweziyisithupha zokuqala, alisho lutho ngokuphela kosuku lwesikhombisa. Kungani? Kungenxa yokuthi lolo suku lusaqhubeka namanje.—Genesise 2:3; Hebheru 4:4-6, 11.
[Isithombe ekhasini 8]
Uma zinganakekelwa, izinto ziyawohloka
[Isithombe emakhasini 8, 9]
Amandla kaNkulunkulu nezinye izimfanelo zakhe kubonakala endaweni yonke