Izihlahla Eziphila Emanzini

NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA! E-AUSTRALIA

Ziyisivikelo ezilwaneni eziningi, izinyoni nezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezisengcupheni yokuqothulwa. Zilondoloza nemvelo ngokukhipha ukungcola emanzini. Eningizimu yeFlorida, e-U.S.A., amaphesenti angaba ngu-75 ezinhlanzi ezidotshwa kwezemidlalo namaphesenti angu-90 ezinhlanzi ezidayiswayo ancike kuzo. Futhi zakha umngcele ovikela izindawo ezisogwini eziphephweni nasemagagasini. Sikhuluma ngani? Ngemihlume!

NJENGOBA itholakala ezingwini ezishisayo ezingaphezu kwengxenye emhlabeni wonke, imihlume iwuhlobo lwezihlahla, noma izihlahlana, eziyizinhlobo eziningana. Ivame ukukhula endaweni esosebeni phakathi kwezwe nolwandle enamanzi anosawoti nangenawo. Nakuba lawo manzi enosawoti omningi kunalowo izimila eziningi ezingakhula kuwo, imihlume ikhula kalula kuwo. Kanjani? Ngokusebenzisa izindlela eziningana ezithakazelisayo—ngezinye izikhathi isebenzise inhlanganisela yazo.

Izungezwe Usawoti

Imihlume ethile, eyaziwa ngokuhlunga usawoti, inezisefo ezivimba usawoti ukuba ungangeni ezimpandeni. Ziphumelela kakhulu ekuvimbeni usawoti kangangokuba isihambi esomile singathola amanzi angenasawoti ezimpandeni zalowo mhlume. Ezinye izinhlobo zomhlume ziyawumunca usawoti ziwuqoqele ndawonye, bese ziwukhiphela emaqabungeni amadala noma ezinye izingxenye zesimila, ezibe seziwohloka.

Ezinye ziyawumunca usawoti zibuye ziwukhiphe ngokushesha, ngokuvamile ngezimbotshana ezikhethekile ezisemaqabungeni. Uma ukhotha iqabunga lalowo mhlume, ubungalizwa linosawoti omningi. Kodwa uqaphele ukuthi ukhetha muphi! Uketshezi olunamfukayo lomhlume okuthiwa i-blind-your-eye lungabangela ubumpumputhe besikhashana uma lungena emehlweni. Kodwa, lolu ketshezi luyelapha futhi lusetshenziselwa ukwelapha izilonda nobuhlungu bokuntinyelwa.

Indlela Eziphila Ngayo

Izimila eziningi zidinga inhlabathi evundile ukuze ziphile futhi zikhule kahle. Kodwa, inhlabathi imihlume ekhula kuyo ivame ukugcwala amanzi. Imfihlo eyenza iphile yizimpande zayo ezingaphandle, ezikhula ngaphezu kwenhlabathi kanjalo zikwazi ukumunca umoya ngokuqondile emkhathini. Lezi zimpande zinokwakheka okuhlukahlukene. Ezinye, okuthiwa ama-knee root, ziyakhula ziphume enhlabathini ziphinde zibuyele kuyo, zakhe amaqhubu afana namadolo agobile.

Izimpande ezicijile okuthiwa ama-snorkel, ama-peg, noma ama-pencil ziphuma enhlabathini zibheke phezulu. Izimpande eziyisisekelo okuthiwa ama-prop, kamuva eziba onoxhongo, ziphuma engxenyeni ephansi yesiqu somhlume. Izimpande okuthiwa ama-plank noma ama-ribbon, ziphuma emsukeni wesiqu zisonteke zibheke phezulu, ingxenye yazo engaphezulu ibe ngaphezu kwenhlabathi. Lezi zinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezimpande azisizi nje izimila ukuba ziphefumule kuphela kodwa zizenza ukuba zizinze enhlabathini ethambile.

Indlela Ethela Ngayo

Umhlume okuthiwa i-cannonball unesithelo esikhulu esiyindilinga esinezinhlamvu ezinokwakheka okunhlobonhlobo. Lapho lesi sithelo sivuthwa siyaqhuma, izinhlamvu zaso zisakazeke emanzini. Ezinye zimuka namanzi, zigcine sezithole indawo ezingamila kuyo.

Izinhlamvu zeminye imihlume zimila zisesesihlahleni ezikhula kuso. Lokhu kuyinto engavamile ezimileni. Le mihlume ikhipha izithombo ezibe sezivuthuluka esihlahleni bese zimuka namanzi izinyanga eziningi noma ngisho unyaka wonke zifuna indawo ezingakhula kuyo.

Indlela isithombo esintanta ngayo namanzi yandisa amathuba okuba sifike endaweni enamanzi anosawoti nangenawo, eyindawo ekahle kakhulu kuso. Sintanta sivundle lapho sisemanzini anosawoti omningi, kodwa lapho singena emanzini anosawoti nangenawo, sintanta siqonde kanjalo sibe nethuba lokungena odakeni.

Izimiso Ezisekelanayo

Imihlume iyisisekelo sesimiso sokudla esiyinkimbinkimbi. Imfucumfucu yamaqabunga nezimila ezibunayo ezivela kuyo ziwumthombo wokudla kwezilwanyana ezincane, nazo eziba ukudla kwezinye izilwane. Izinto eziningi eziphilayo zihlala emahlathini emihlume, zidle khona noma zizalele khona.

Ngokwesibonelo, izinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni zisebenzisa imihlume njengendawo yokwakha izidleke noma yokondla amaphuphu, nanjengendawo yokuphumula lapho zifuduka. Izwe laseBelize lilodwa linemihlume enezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingaphezu kuka-500. Izinhlanzi eziningi zizalela kuyo noma zithembele esimisweni sayo semvelo ukuze zithole ukudla. Kuye kwabanjwa izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingaphezu kuka-120 ehlathini lemihlume laseSundarbans phakathi kweNdiya neBangladesh.

Ezinye izimila nazo zikhula kahle emahlathini emihlume. Ogwini olusempumalanga ye-Australia, kuye kwatholakala izinhlobo ezihlukene ezingu-105 zolele ezikhula emihlumeni. Izinhlobo eziningi zikahlinzamfuku, ama-orchid, umhlalanyoni nezinye izimila nazo zikhula kahle kule ndawo. Ngempela, imihlume yomhlaba ifeza indima ebalulekile ezilwaneni nasezimileni—kusukela oleleni kuya emahlosini—ngisho nakubantu.

Izinzuzo Eziningi Kubantu

Ngaphandle nje kokusiza ekulondolozeni imvelo, imihlume iwumthombo wezinto eziningi ngandlela-thile, okuhlanganisa izinkuni zokubasa, amalahle, umuthi wokushuka izikhumba, ifolishi nemithi yokwelapha. Kule ndawo kutholakala nezibiliboco, ezinjengenhlanzi, izimbaza noju. Empeleni, amatilosi athile ayecabanga ukuthi ama-oyster ayekhula ezihlahleni ngoba ayetholakala kalula emihlumeni lapho kubonakala izimpande ngenxa yokwehla kwamanzi.

Imihlume ikhiqiza nezinto ezisetshenziswa ezimbonini zephepha, zendwangu, zesikhumba nezokwakha. Ezinye izimboni ezizuzayo kuyo zihlanganisa ezokudoba nezokuvakasha.

Naphezu kokuthandwa okukhulayo ngenxa yokubaluleka kwawo, amahlathi emihlume ancipha ngezinga elingamahektare angu-100 000 ngonyaka. Ngokuvamile ayagawulwa ukuze kwenziwe eminye imisebenzi ebonakala ingenisa inzuzo engcono, njengezolimo nezindlu. Abantu abaningi babheka amaxhaphozi anemihlume njengezindawo nje ezinodaka, ezinuka kabi, ezigcwele omiyane okungangcono ukuzigwema.

Kodwa, iqiniso liwukuthi imihlume inezinjongo ezinhle futhi ezisindisa nokuphila. Izimpande zayo ezikhula ngaphandle kwenhlabathi futhi ezihlunga usawoti ziye zasungula izimiso zemvelo ezicebile futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ibalulekile ezindaweni zokudoba ezisogwini, ezimbonini zemikhiqizo yokhuni nasezilwaneni zasendle. Futhi ivikela izindawo ezingasogwini zingaguguleki ngokuvimba iziphepho ezinamandla ebezingabulala izinkulungwane zabantu. Ngempela, kufanele sibonge ngemihlume!

[Ibhokisi/Isithombe ekhasini 24]

Ukufuna Uju Lwasendle

Amahlathi emihlume amakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni aseSundarbans, eyingxenye yeSizalo saseGanges esikhulu, esiphakathi kweNdiya neBangladesh. Abanye babantu abahlala lapho amaMowali, aziphilisa ngale mihlume. Umsebenzi wawo ungomunye wemisebenzi eyingozi kakhulu ezweni.

AmaMowali aphila ngokufuna uju. Ngo-April nango-May unyaka ngamunye, aqunga isibindi aqonde emahlathini emihlume efuna amakhekheba ezinyosi. Lezi zinyosi zinkulu, ngoba zikhula zibe amasentimitha angaba mane ubude. Futhi zinolaka, zaziwa ngokubulala izindlovu!

Ngakho, abafuna uju baphatha izimbaqa ezenziwe ngohlaza lwemihlume, bazishise ukuze baxoshe izinyosi ngomusi. Abantu abahlakaniphile abafuna uju bashiya ingxenye yesidleke ukuze izinyosi zisivuselele, kanjalo bathole uju unyaka nonyaka.

Lezi zinyosi azilona usongo okuwukuphela kwalo kwabafuna uju. Ezinye izinsongo zihlanganisa izingwenya nezinyoka ezinesihlungu, ezihlala emihlumeni. Futhi amasela angabaqamekela abafuna uju lapho sebephuma ehlathini noju nemovu. Nakuba lezi zinto ziwusongo, into eyingozi kakhulu ihlosi iRoyal Bengal. Minyaka yonke, lezi zilwane zibulala abantu abafuna uju abaphakathi kwabangu-15 nabangu-20.

[Umthombo]

Zafer Kizilkaya/​Images & Stories

[Izithombe ekhasini 23]

Imihlume nezithombo zayo ikhula kahle endaweni ezinye izimila eziningi ebezingafa kuyo

[Imithombo]

Top right: Zach Holmes Photography/Photographers Direct; lower right: Martin Spragg Photography (www.spraggshots.com)/Photographers Direct