Ukubuka Okwezwe
Amarekhodi Ezokwelapha—Ahlanganisa Nemikhuba Yokubukela Ithelevishini?
Iqembu lodokotela bezifo zezingane eSpain litusa ukuba kumarekhodi engane ezokwelapha kuhlanganiswe nemikhuba yayo yokubukela ithelevishini. Ngokwephephandaba laseSpain i-Diario Médico, lab’ odokotela banomuzwa wokuthi kufanele bazi ukuthi ingane eyisiguli ichitha amahora amangaki ngosuku ibukele i-TV nokuthi ibukela ziphi izinhlelo futhi nobani. Ngani? Ngoba ucwaningo olwenziwa yilab’ odokotela bezifo zezingane lwembula ukuthi ukubukela i-TV kubangela ubuvila, ukwanda kolaka, isifiso sokuthenga izinto, ukuphazamiseka ezifundweni zesikole nengozi yokuba umlutha we-TV. Lo mbiko uthi: “Odokotela bezifo zezingane batusa ukuba abazali bangayibeki ithelevishini ekamelweni lezingane noma endaweni lapho [izingane] zingashintsha khona iziteshi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubukela ithelevishini ngesikhathi sokudla kufanele kugwenywe, futhi abazali kufanele balinganisele isikhathi sezingane sokubukela ithelevishini emahoreni amabili kuphela ngosuku, nakuba kutuswa isikhathi esingaphansi kwehora elilodwa ngosuku.”
Ukwanda Kwenani Labantu BaseChina
“Abantu baseChina sebengaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1,26 futhi sebephila isikhathi eside, banemfundo engcono futhi baphila isimanje,” kusho i-abcNEWS.com. NgokukaZhu Zhixin, umqondisi we-National Bureau of Statistics, leli nani liye lakhula ngezigidi ezingu-132,2 kusukela ngo-1990. Izinga eliphansi lokwanda okungamaphesenti angu-1,07 ngonyaka libangelwa izinkambiso zaseChina zokuzala ingane eyodwa kuphela ezaqala ukusetshenziswa ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970. Kodwa-ke, iziphathimandla zikhathazekile ngoba ucwaningo lwango-1999 lwembula ukuthi kuzalwa izingane zabafana ezingu-117 kulezo nalezo ezingamantombazane eziyikhulu, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokukhishwa kwezisu uma umntwana eyintombazane. Lo mbiko uthi: “Izazi zokuhlalisana kwabantu zinovalo lokuthi lesi silinganiso esiyingxemu sokuzala sizobangela ukuntuleka komakoti, sibhebhethekise ukudayisa ngomzimba nokuthunjwa kanye nokudayiswa kwabesifazane emendweni.”
“Ingcebo Engaphansi Komhlaba”
Abacwaningi abaholwa isazi se-hydrogeology saseBrazil uHeraldo Campos baqede umkhankaso weminyaka engu-7 wokuthola imithombo emikhulu yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba eNingizimu Melika. IGuarani Aquifer, engaphansi kwezingxenye ezithile zeBrazil, i-Uruguay, iParaguay ne-Argentina, ihlanganisa indawo engaba amakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi ezingu-1,2 futhi inamanzi alinganiselwa kuma-cubic kilometer angu-40 000. Ngokombiko we-Global Environment Facility, “umthamo wamanzi akhona namuhla wanele ukuba usetshenziswe yibo bonke abantu baseBrazil iminyaka engu-3 500.” Esikhathini esizayo le “ngcebo engaphansi komhlaba” ingase isetshenziselwe ukunqanda ukwanda kwezingwadule, futhi ngenxa yezinga lokushisa lamanzi, angase asetshenziswe njengomunye umthombo wamandla kagesi. Ngokuthungatha le mithombo yamanzi, abacwaningi banethemba lokuvikela izindawo amanzi ayo ashona kuzo ukuze zingangcoliswa yizibulala-zinambuzane nomanyolo.
Ukwanda Komdlavuza Wesikhumba
Ngokwengosi yezindaba yaseSpain i-Pais Digital, kuye kwaba nokwanda okukhulu kwe-melanoma, umdlavuza wesikhumba oyingozi kakhulu. Maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, i-melanoma yayitholakala kumuntu oyedwa kwabangu-1 500. Ekupheleni kuka-2000, leli nani lenyukela kumuntu oyedwa kwabangu-75, ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yomkhuba wokuthamela isigcaki. Engqungqutheleni ye-European Society for Medical Oncology, uProfesa J. Kirkwood wathi amaphesenti angu-40 omdlavuza we-melanoma abangelwa yizici zofuzo, kuyilapho amanye amaphesenti angu-60 ebangelwa ukuba selangeni ngokweqile. Abesifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-23 nengu-50 yibona abasengozini kakhulu. UKirkwood wachaza ukuthi lapho umuntu esakhula, imisebe yelanga ingase ishintshe izakhi zebala lesikhumba, nakuba umdlavuza ungase uvele ngemva kweminyaka eminingi. UKirkwood waphawula: “Isikhumba siyayigcina imisebe yelanga esiyizwayo.”
Ushukela Uba Ipulasitiki
Ososayensi be-Institute of Technological Research eBrazil batholé uhlobo olusha lwegciwane olukwazi ukushintsha ushukela ube ipulasitiki. Izinhlobo ezatholwa ngaphambili zigaya ushukela bese ziwuguqula ngemva kokuba usuhlukene waba yizinhlayiyana ezincane, kodwa “ikhono elikhulu laleli [gciwane elisanda kutholakala] ukugaya ushukela ngokuqondile,” kusho unjiniyela uCarlos Rossell. Uma ewufunzwa ngokweqile, la magciwane asebenzisa lo shukela omningi ukuze enze izicucu zepulasitiki ebolayo, ososayensi abayithola ngokusebenzisa isithako esincibilikisayo. Ngokwabacwaningi, “kungatholakala ikhilogremu elilodwa lepulasitiki ngamakhilogremu amathathu kashukela,” kusho iphephandaba i-Estado de S. Paulo.
Ukudla Okunamafutha Kubulala Ingqondo
“Ukudla okunamafutha kungacinanisa ubuchopho bakho kanye nemithambo yenhliziyo,” kusho umagazini i-New Scientist. Ukuze baqonde imiphumela ukudla okunamafutha okunayo ebuchosheni, abacwaningi baseCanada “banikeza amagundane anenyanga eyodwa ubudala ukudla okunamafutha amaningi ezilwane noma emifino kwaze kwaba yilapho esenezinyanga ezine.” Elinye iqembu lokuqhathanisa lanikezwa ukudla okungenamafutha. Womabili la maqembu abe esenikezwa imisebenzi yokufunda. Yaba yini imiphumela? Amagundane ayedla ukudla okunamafutha amaningi “enza kabi kakhulu kunamagundane ayengadli mafutha.” Umcwaningi uGordon Winocur wathi: “Ukudla okunamafutha kuthiya ukusebenza kwazo zonke izici zethu. Kuyamangalisa ukuthi lezi zilwane zinenkinga kangakanani.” Ngokwalo mbiko, abacwaningi banomuzwa wokuthi “amafutha athiya ubuchopho bungakwazi ukumunca i-glucose, mhlawumbe ngokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwe-insulin, esiza ekulawuleni amazinga kashukela egazini.”
Ukudayiswa Kwezinto Zokuhlukumeza
“Ukudayiswa kwamathuluzi okuhlukumeza kuyanda,” kusho isihloko sephephandaba lesiJalimane i-Südwest Presse. Ngokwenhlangano yamalungelo abantu i-Amnesty International, izinkampani ezingu-150 emhlabeni wonke ziye zahlanganyela kulolu hwebo olubi, kuhlanganise nezingu-30 eJalimane nezingu-97 e-United States. Impahla edayiswayo ayihlanganisi nje amaketanga emilenze nozankosi bezithupha abanamazinyo esaha kuphela kodwa nemishini kagesi enamandla. Inkampani ethile e-United States kuthiwa idayisa amabhande alawulwa ngomshini abamba umuntu ngogesi ongama-volt angu-50 000. Abahlukumezi bayawathanda amathuluzi anjalo anamandla kagesi amakhulu, ngoba awashiyi mkhondo ezisulwini zabo.
Izicabucabu Eqhweni
Lapho ecwaninga ngesicabucabu i-crab spider, umcwaningi waseJalimane uPeter Jaeger waseMainz University “uthole izinhlobo ezintsha ezingu-50 eziphila eqhweni lasezintabeni zaseHimalaya, endaweni engamamitha angu-3 800 ukuphakama,” kusho iphephandaba i-Asian Age. “Nakuba singase sibe ngamasentimitha amane ubukhulu, isicabucabu i-crab spider asiyona ingozi kubantu.” Sihlala emifantwini yamadwala noma ngaphansi kwamagxolo ezihlahla futhi sidla izinambuzane, esizithola kalula ngenxa yendlebe ebukhali. Kodwa kwenziwa yini ukuba lesi sicabucabu singomi ngenxa yamakhaza ebusika? Ngokungefani nezinye izinhlobo zasemazweni ashisayo, izinhlobo zaseHimalaya “zinendlela yemvelo yokunqanda amakhaza,” kusho uJaeger. “Zigcina amakhemikhali kagologo ashubile emzimbeni futhi lokhu kuzisiza ukuba zisinde emazingeni okubanda angaphansi kwezinga-qhwa.”
Ukuhogela Izifo
Ukuhlolwa kwekhono lokuhogela kungase kusize ekutholeni ngokushesha izifo ezinjenge-Parkinson noma i-Alzheimer, kubika umagazini wesayensi waseJalimane i-natur & kosmos. Ukuwohloka kwekhono lokuhogela kuvela lapho umuntu eqalwa isifo i-Parkinson futhi kuphakathi kwezimpawu ezivame kakhulu. Ngenxa yomsebenzi kaProfesa Gerd Kobal, manje sekusungulwe inqubo esebenzayo yokuhlola izinga lokuwohloka kwekhono leziguli lokuhogela. Nakuba izimpawu ezisobala ze-Parkinson, njengedumbe nokoma kwemisipha, zivela kamuva, ukungasebenzi kwekhono lokuhogela kungatholakala izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka ngaphambili, ngenxa yendlela yokuhlola ukuhogela esanda kutholakala. Lokhu kuvula indlela yokwelapha engabambezela ukubhebhetheka kwalesi sifo esingelapheki okwamanje.
Ukusaphaza Ukudla
“Kusaphazwa ukudla okuningi emadilini omshado neminye imikhosi,” kusho i-Mainichi Daily News yaseJapane. Ucwaningo lukahulumeni oluphathelene nokusaphazwa kokudla lwembula ukuthi ngokwesilinganiso, imikhaya isaphaza amaphesenti angu-7,7 okudla kwayo, izitolo zokudla zisaphaza amaphesenti angu-1,1, kanti izindawo zokudlela zisaphaza amaphesenti angu-5,1 okudla okungakaphekwa. Kodwa-ke, leli phephandaba lithi “amadili amakhulu anokudla ayelahla amaphesenti angu-15,7 okudla kwawo,” kanti cishe amaphesenti angu-24 okudla okuphekelwe amadili omshado “ayesala noma alahlwe.” Abakhiqizi bokudla kuphela ababika ukuthi “abasaphazi ngisho nokudla okuncane.”