Ukubuka Okwezwe

Qhubeka Ufunda Njengoba Ukhula

Iphephandaba i-Toronto Star libika ukuthi ukufunda ubuchwepheshe obusha emsebenzini, njengama-computer nezimiso zokuxhumana, kungazicindezela ezinye izisebenzi esezikhulile. Uchwepheshe wezemisebenzi u-Ann Eby uthi ngokuvamile inkinga ayikona ukuthi zifundani kodwa iwukuthi zikufunda kanjani. UJulia Kennedy, umongameli we-Axiom Training and Development, uyachaza: “Njengoba sikhula, liyehla izinga lezinqubo zezinzwa zethu kodwa ubuchopho busala buwumqemane.” UKennedy uphawula ukuthi ngokungafani nezingane, zona ezingochwepheshe ekufundeni into ngokuba iphindaphindwe ngaphandle kokunaka incazelo, “abantu abadala kudingeka baqhathanise lokho asebekwazi kakade (izinto abazifunde ekuphileni) nalokho abasanda kukufunda.” Yize kungase kuthathe isikhathi eside ukuba izisebenzi esezikhulile zifunde imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi, zisenalo ikhono lokufunda. UKennedy usikisela okulandelayo ezisebenzini esezikhulile ezizama ukufunda imisebenzi emisha nenzima: Uma kungenzeka, hlela izikhathi zakho zokuqeqeshwa zibe sekuseni, zama ukubamba imiqondo kunokubamba yonke imininingwane, futhi gwema ukuziqhathanisa nabanye.

Izibalo Zamuva Zikawoyela Emhlabeni

Umagazini i-Scientific American uyabika: “Ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu yocwaningo, i-U.S. Geological Survey [USGS] yakhuphula isilinganiso sayo sasekuqaleni sikawoyela ongahluziwe osemhlabeni ngamaphesenti angu-20, saba imiphongolo eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-649.” USuzanne Weedman, umxhumanisi we-USGS World Petroleum Assessment 2000, uthi: “Samane sabheka ikusasa sabe sesibikezela ukuthi kuzotholakala [uwoyela] ongakanani eminyakeni engu-30 ezayo.” Lo magazini uthi ngaphandle kwemithombo esanda kutholakala, intuthuko ebuchwephesheni bokumba yandisa ukutholakala kukawoyela emhlabeni ngokwenza izinkampani zikawoyela ukuba “zimbe uwoyela omningi ezindaweni zikawoyela ezikhona kakade.”

Izingubo Ezipholile—Zibangela Ubuvila Emsebenzini?

I-Sunday Telegraph ibika ukuthi ukuhlola okwenziwa kulo lonke elase-Australia kwathola ukuthi ezinye izisebenzi zasemahhovisi zikholelwa ukuthi ukugqoka izingubo zokuphola emsebenzini kubangela ubuvila. Cishe amaphesenti angu-42 alabo abasebenzela izinkampani zama-computer manje bagqoka izingubo zokuphola ngaso sonke isikhathi, kanti izinkampani zase-Australia ezingamaphesenti angu-40 “zinoLwesihlanu lwezingubo zokuphola,” lapho zivumela khona izisebenzi ukuba zigqoke izingubo zokuphola uma zithanda. Nakuba izisebenzi zithanda ukugqoka izingubo zokuphola emsebenzini, amaphesenti angu-17 abaphathi okwaxoxwa nabo acabanga ukuthi ukugqoka kanjalo kuyayiphazamisa indlela izisebenzi ezisebenza ngayo. Leli nani lihambisana nombono wezisebenzi ngokwazo, ngoba abesifazane abangamaphesenti angu-21 nabesilisa abangamaphesenti angu-18 bathi ukugqoka izingubo zokuphola kunethonya elibi emsebenzini okhiqizwayo.

Umonakalo Wezikhukhula ZaseMozambique

Ngonyaka odlule ngale nyanga, izikhukhula zaseMozambique zashiya abantu abangaphezu kwesigamu sesigidi besele dengwane, zabhubhisa ingxenye yesithathu yesivuno sommbila saleli zwe, futhi zaminzisa izinkomo ezingaphezu kuka-20 000. Ngesikhathi leli zwe lilulama kulezi zikhukhula, okuthiwa izikhukhula ezimbi kakhulu kusukela ngo-1948, abaningi babuza ukuthi zenzeka kanjani futhi ngani. Umagazini i-African Wildlife wathi intuthuko yasemadolobheni, ukulinywa kwezimfunda zotshani, nokuklabisa imfuyo ngokweqile emazweni angomakhelwane enhla nomfula ukusuka eMozambique kuye kwaqeda ikhono lemvelo lokumunca amanzi lezimfunda zotshani namaxhaphozi aleli zwe. Ngakho-ke, ukugeleza kwemvula enamandla kugcina sekuyizikhukhula. UDavid Lindley, umxhumanisi wokunakekelwa kwamaxhaphozi eNingizimu Afrika, uthi: “Lokho abantu abaye bakwenza, ngenxa yokugabadela njalo nokuntula ikhono lokubona izinto kusengaphambili, kuye kwaphazamisa amaxhaphozi ethu futhi kwashintsha imifula yethu.”

Izinkomo Namagesi Abamba Ukushisa

Igesi i-methane kuthiwa inamandla okubangela ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke aphindwe izikhathi ezingu-20 kunesikhutha. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi emhlabeni wonke, izinkomo, izimvu nezimbuzi ezibalelwa ezigidini eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili zikhiqiza amathani ayizigidi ezingu-100 e-methane. I-Canberra Times ithi e-Australia, imfuyo ikhiqiza amaphesenti angu-13 amagesi abamba ukushisa, kanti eNew Zealand amaphesenti angaba ngu-46. Izilokazane ezincane ezisesiswini sesilwane esetshisayo zigaya ifolishi zikhiqize i-methane, ephuma ngomlomo wesilwane. Bezama ukunciphisa igalelo lezilwane ekufudumaleni kwembulunga yonke, ososayensi manje bazama izindlela zokwandisa ubisi olukhiqizwa yinkomo ngayinye kuyilapho benciphisa i-methane ekhiqizwa yizilwane.

Insumansumane Yokubhema Iyaphikiswa

Iphephandaba laseCanada i-Globe and Mail libika ukuthi: “Impikiswano yezomnotho yokuthi abantu ababhemayo abawona umthwalo esimisweni sezempilo kunabanye ngoba basheshe bafe ingamanga.” Abacwaningi baseNetherlands abacwaninga impilo yezakhamuzi zaseNetherlands nezaseMelika ezingu-13 000 bathola ukuthi abantu abangabhemi bahlala isikhathi esincane begula kunababhemayo. UDkt. Wilma Nusselder womnyango wezempilo e-Erasmus University eRotterdam uyabhala: “Ukuyeka ugwayi ngeke nje kwandise ukuphila kanye nenani leminyaka abantu abayiphila bengaguli kuphela, kodwa futhi kuyonciphisa ukukhubazeka kube yisikhathi esifushane.” Ngokwe-Globe, “cishe kunabantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1,15 ababhemayo emhlabeni wonke, okuyingxenye yesithathu yabantu abadala emhlabeni. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi izigidi ezingu-943 zalabo bantu ababhemayo zihlala emazweni asathuthuka.”

Izifo Ezithathelwana Ngobulili Nezingane

I-Times yaseLondon iyabika: “Izingane ezincane ezineminyaka engu-11 zelashelwa izifo ezithathelwana ngobulili.” Elinye idolobha laseNgilandi linenani eliphindwe kabili kunesilinganiso sabaphethwe isipatsholo kulelo zwe, kanti intombazane eyodwa kwangu-8 ine-chlamydia. Isifo se-chlamydia eNgilandi sesiphindeke cishe kabili kusukela ngo-1995 futhi siye sanda ngengxenye yesihlanu phakathi kwentsha ngonyaka odlule kuphela. Ukwanda kwabaphethwe isipatsholo ngamaphesenti angu-56 ezweni lonke eminyakeni emihlanu kuye kwathinta kakhulu intsha.

Ukusebenzisa Ikhanda Layo

Izintuthwane ezingoqumbu zohlobo lwe-Blepharidatta conops, zasenkangala yaseBrazil, zinekhanda elikhulu eliyisicaba esiyindilinga. Ngokohlelo lwaseBrazil lwe-National Geographic, lezi zintuthwane zisebenzisa lesi sitho esingavamile ukuze zivale umnyango womgodi lapho kugcinwa khona amaqanda namaqhamuza, ziwavikela kubahlaseli. Izindonga zesigodlo sikaqumbu zenziwe ngezingcezu zemizimba yezinambuzane eziqoqwe yizintuthwane eziyizisebenzi. Ngemva kokumunca uketshezi kule mizimba futhi zilahle inyama yazo ngokucophelela, izintuthwane eziyizisebenzi zakha uthango lokubiyela uqumbu, zishiye isikhala esilingana nekhanda lakhe kuphela. Izintuthwane eziyizisebenzi zingena kulesi sigodlo ngokushaya ikhanda likaqumbu ngendlela yakhona eyimfihlo.

Amasela Kagesi

Izinkampani zezinkonzo zomphakathi e-United States seziqala ukunqanda inkinga ekhulayo—ukwebiwa kukagesi. I-Wall Street Journal iphawula ukuthi eminyakeni edlule ugesi wawubonakala ushibhile kakhulu ukuba ungantshontshwa, kodwa izindleko zikagesi ziye zenyuka kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva, okwenza ukwebiwa kukagesi kwande. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Detroit Edison Company ilinganisela ukuthi ngo-1999 yalahlekelwa izigidi ezingu-40 zama-dollar (amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-300) ngenxa yokwebiwa kukagesi. Amasela, ngokuvamile engazinakile izingozi, kuthiwa asebenzisa amathuluzi angafanele, njengezintambo zebhetri zemoto, izintambo zokuxhuma ugesi zasendlini namapayipi ethusi. Abanye baye bamba ngaphansi ukuze badonse ugesi wenkampani ezintanjeni ezingaphansi komhlaba.

Akakhunjulwa Nokukhunjulwa?

Muva nje kutholakale izinsalela ezomisiwe zendoda yimbe endlini eHelsinki, eFinland. Indoda eyangena izofaka inhlaba-mkhosi yomlilo esakhiweni yabona ingqumbi yezincwadi ezivela eposini yezwa nephunga elibi. Amaphoyisa eyawashayela ucingo afika athola umuntu owayesethathe umhlala-phansi oneminyaka engu-55, owayehlala yedwa lapho, eseneminyaka eyisithupha ashona. Njengoba kwabikwa ephephandabeni i-Helsingin Sanomat, sonke leso sikhathi i-Social Insurance Institution yayikhokhela umhlala-phansi wakhe futhi ihhovisi lezenhlalakahle lalikhokha intela yakhe, kodwa akukho muntu owayeke weza wazombona. Ngisho nezingane zakhe esezikhulile ezihlala edolobheni zazingamkhumbuli. “Umuntu uhlala iminyaka eyisithupha emphakathini wabantu—okungukuthi, hhayi ehlane, edolobheni elinabantu—kodwa kungabi bikho muntu omkhumbulayo azihluphe ngokuthi uphi noma kwenzekeni kuye,” kuphawula uNkkz. Aulikki Kananoja, umqondisi woMnyango Wezinkonzo Zezenhlalakahle eHelsinki.