Ukubuka Okwezwe
Ukuwubona Usaqala Umdlavuza Wamabele
Umdlavuza wamabele ungumbulali ovame kakhulu kwabesifazane baseBrazil, ohlasela cishe oyedwa kwabayishumi nambili, kubika iphephabhuku laseBrazil i-Medicina Conselho Federal. Leli phephabhuku likhuthaza ukuba bonke abesifazane abeve eminyakeni engu-25 bazihlole amabele njalo. I-Medicina ibuye ituse ukuba abesifazane baqale ukuhlolwa nge-mammogram uma sebephakathi kweminyaka engu-35 nengu-40, bese behlolwa ngayo njalo ngemva kweminyaka emibili uma sebephakathi kweminyaka engu-40 nengu-50, ngemva kwalokho bese behlolwa ngayo njalo ngonyaka. Nakuba kungabesifazane abadla kakhulu amafutha anqumayo nalabo abavela emkhayeni onomlando walesi sifo abasengozini enkulu, abangamaphesenti angu-70 abanomdlavuza wamabele ayaziwa imbangela yawo. Leli qiniso, kuphawula i-Medicina, “likubonisa ngokucacile ukubaluleka kwenqubo yokuwubona usaqala.”—Bheka i-Phaphama! ka-April 8, 1994.
Imilutha Ethengiswayo
Ukuluthwa imithi ethengiswayo kuyakhula eNyakatho Ireland, kubika i-Irish Times. ENyakatho Ireland, njengakwamanye amazwe amaningi, imikhiqizo enjengezibulala-zinhlungu nemithi yokukhwehlela ene-codeine noma ezinye izidakamizwa ezilutha ngokunamandla ingatholakala ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela. Abanye ababa yimilutha bengaqondile balwela ukulondoloza umkhuba wabo, njengoba ukuwuyeka kungase kubangele usizi kuhlanganise nesicanucanu nokucindezeleka. Omunye ongumlutha wachitha ifa lakhe, wadayisa umuzi, wenza isikweletu sika-£18 000 (R144 000) ukuze anelise ukulutheka kwakhe kwamabhodlela angu-70 ngeviki. UFrank McGoldrick, we-Research on Chemical Dependency Group yaseBelfast, uthi abaningi abasebenzisa kabi imithi ethengiswayo bayangabaza ukuvuma ukuthi bayimilutha yezidakamizwa futhi abanandaba nomqondo wokuthi bazigwaza ngowabo. “Abaphuli mthetho,” kuphawula uMcGoldrick. “Abaningi abaqapheli nokuthi bayisebenzisa kabi.”
Ithonya Lamantombazane Asesesikoleni
Amantombazane asesesikoleni esiphakeme eJapane angompetha ezitayeleni, kusho umbiko owanyatheliswa kuyi-Daily Yomiuri. Izitayela zisakazeka ngokushesha ngokuxoxa nontanga, abangaba ngaphezu kuka-1000 abajwayele. Ithonya lawo lidlulela nakwabanye bobudala obuhlukile lidluliswa abazali nezingane eziwelamayo. “Amantombazane abusiswe ngezimfanelo ezinhle zomthengi: imali, ukulangazelela izimpahla zamuva futhi anesikhathi sokuzidelisa ngazo.” Cishe intsha engamaphesenti angu-68 yaseJapane ithola imali elinganiselwa ku-R1030 ngenyanga, futhi ibuye ithole imali komkhulu nogogo abayitotosayo nangokubamba amatoho. Izazi zezenhlalo zikhathazeka nge-genzai shiko yamantombazane, noma isimo sengqondo sokuphilela olwanamuhla, nangokuntula kwawo imigomo enengqondo. Ukuhlola kwakamuva kuphethe ngokuthi amantombazane asesikoleni esiphakeme namuhla “anenkinga yokucikwa ukuthola noma yini ayifunayo ngaphandle kokuyijulukela.”
Ukufa Komuntu Omdala Kunabo Bonke Emhlabeni
UJeanne Louise Calment, umuntu omdala kunabo bonke emhlabeni ngokwe-Guinness Book of World Records, wafa ngo-August 4, 1997, eneminyaka engu-122, kubika iphephandaba lesiFulentshi i-Figaro. UJeanne wazalwa ngo-February 21, 1875, e-Arles, eningizimu-mpumalanga yeFrance—ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwesibani sikagesi, igilamafoni, nemoto. Washada ngo-1896, wayenendodakazi eyodwa aphile isikhathi eside kunayo ngeminyaka engu-63, nomzukulu oyedwa, owashona ngo-1963. Uyakhumbula ehlangana nomdwebi uVincent van Gogh ngo-1888, lapho esanda kweva eshumini nambili, futhi wayengumngane wombhali wezinkondlo uFrédéric Mistral, owazuza umklomelo kaNobel ngo-1904. UJeanne waphawula izimfihlo eziningi ezihlekisayo zokuphila isikhathi eside, ebala izici ezinjengokuhleka, ukukhuthala, ‘nesisu esidla konke njengesentshe.’
Izingane Ezikhuluma Izilimi Ezimbili
Lapho ingane ifunda ulimi lwayo lomdabu, ikhono layo elikhulu lokukhuluma lisengxenyeni yobuchopho eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Broca’s area. Muva nje, abacwaningi e-Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center yaseNew York baye basebenzisa inqubo yokuveza isithombe nge-X ray, (magnetic resonance imaging) ukuze babone ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye yobuchopho esebenzayo lapho abantu abakhuluma izilimi ezimbili besebenzisa olunye lwazo. Bathola ukuthi lapho umuntu efunda izilimi ezimbili kanyekanye esengumntwana, zombili zigcinwa engxenyeni eyodwa ye-Broca’s area. Nokho, uma efunda olunye ulimi esekhulakhulile noma esemdala, lugcinwa eceleni kolokuqala, kunokuba zixubane ndawonye. Iphephandaba laseLondon i-Times liyaphawula: “Kunjengokungathi ukufunda ulimi lokuqala kuye kwavimba ngomugqa kuyi-Broca’s area, ngakho-ke olunye ulimi kumelwe lugcinwe kwenye indawo.” Abacwaningi banomuzwa wokuthi lokhu kungasiza ekuchazeni ukuthi kungani kunzima ukufunda olunye ulimi lapho usumdala.
Ukukhathazeka Ngokukhulisa Izingane EzingamaShayina
Muva nje kwenziwa ukuhlolwa okukhulu kobuhlobo phakathi kwabazali nezingane okwakuxhaswe i-Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, kubika i-China Today. Ucwaningo lwembula ukukhathazeka kwabazali abaningi ngokukhulisa izingane zanamuhla. Ngokwe-China Today, “abanye bazizwa bengaqiniseki neze ngokuthi yini okufanele ifundiswe izingane zabo—izimiso zokuziphatha eziyisiko lamaShayina njengokwethembeka, isizotha, ukubekezela nokukhathalela, noma izindlela zanamuhla zokuncintisana?” Cishe amaphesenti angu-60 abazali akhathazeka ngemiphumela emibi ye-TV ezinganeni. Umcwaningi wezindaba uBu Wei weluleka abazali ukuba bakhethe izinhlelo ezibukwa ingane ngokweminyaka yayo nangokohlobo lomuntu eyilo, babukele futhi baxoxe ngezinhlelo nengane, bangavumeli i-TV ithathe isikhathi sengane esiningi.
Isitha Esikhulu Sikashaka?
Ngokuvamile abantu bayabesaba oshaka. Kodwa kubonakala sengathi kunesizathu esikhulu esenza ukuba oshaka besabe abantu. Abantu ‘abangaphansi kwekhulu’ bayafa unyaka ngamunye behlaselwa oshaka, kuyilapho oshaka abalinganiselwa ku-100 000 000 bebulawa unyaka ngamunye abadobi, kubika iphephandaba lesiFulentshi i-Monde. Leli qiniso likhathaza izazi eziningi zezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle, ezesaba ukuthi isilinganiso esingokwemvelo sezilwandle singaphazamiseka uma lokhu kubulala kuqhubeka. Oshaka bafeza indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni inani lezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle. Njengoba oshaka bephuza ukukhula ngokobulili futhi bethola abantwana abambalwa ngemva kokumitha isikhathi eside, ukudoba ngokweqile kungase kuqothule izinhlobo ezithile zoshaka. Umkhuba ochwepheshe basolwandle abawulahla kakhulu ‘owokunquma amaphiko’ ngenjongo yokudla bese ushaka ubuye uphonswa olwandle ukuba ufele khona.
Ukuqoqwa Okwenziwa Emkhathini
Izindiza ezihamba kancane ezibizwa ngokuthi izindiza ezilula manje sezisetshenziswa abanye babafuyi base-Australia ukuze baqoqele imfuyo yabo emapulazini amakhulu ezinkomo nezimvu, kubika iphephandaba laseBrisbane, e-Australia, i-Sunday Mail. Omunye umfuyi waseQueensland uthi njalo lapho eqoqa izimvu zakhe, indiza yakhe elula yayimongela umholo wamasonto amabili ayengawukhokhela amadoda amaningi. Uthi: “Isithuthuthu sathatha indawo yehhashi, manje indiza elula isithathe indawo yesithuthuthu.” Izindiza ezilula zinesidlala-makhasethi esinamandla esisakaza umsindo oqoshiwe wokukhonkotha kwezinja. Uma ziwuzwa, “izinkomo nezimvu ezethukile ziyagabavula ziqonde egcekeni eliseduze,” kusho lesi sihloko.
Abantu BaseCanada Abamatasa
Abantu baseCanada basebenza amahora amaningi futhi abaningi babhekana nemiphumela yalokho, kusho iphephandaba i-Globe and Mail. Ukukhathazeka ngomnotho kuye kwenza abesilisa nabesifazane, kuhlanganise nabazali abanezingane ezincane, ukuba bacindezeleke ngenxa yokusebenza kanzima isikhathi eside. Cishe abantu baseCanada abangu-2000 000 basebenza amahora engeziwe angaphezu kuka-9 ngeviki, futhi abangu-700 000 benza okungenani umsebenzi owodwa ngaphezu komsebenzi ovamile. Abanye abacwaningi bathi izinga lokukhathazeka liye lakhuza phezulu ikakhulu ezisebenzini ezihola kangcono. Ochwepheshe bakhathazeka ngemiphumela yalokhu ezinganeni, ezibabona isikhathi esincane abazali bazo. UDkt. Kerry Daly womnyango wezifundo zomkhaya e-University of Guelph, e-Ontario, uyaphawula: “Abantu banomuzwa wokuthi abasakwazi ukulawula ukuphila kwabo. Abazi ukuthi bazophunyula kanjani kulokhu.”
Ukucindezela Kokuntula Umsebenzi
Ngokwemibiko ekhishwe iphephandaba laseJalimane i-Süddeutsche Zeitung, ukucindezela okungokomzwelo nokungokwenhlalo okubangwa ukuntula umsebenzi kungayithinta impilo yomuntu. Ukucindezeleka okunjalo kwenza isimiso sokuzivikela komzimba sibe buthakathaka. Abantu abantula umsebenzi bathambekele kakhulu ekubeni nomfutho wegazi ophakeme nokuhlaselwa isifo senhliziyo kunalabo abasebenzayo. “Ukucindezeleka okumelwe babhekane nako labo abanesikhathi eside bengasebenzi kubi kakhulu futhi kunemiphumela eminingi kunokwalabo abasebenzayo,” kusho uProfesa Thomas Kieselbach, waseHannover University, eJalimane. “Cishe bonke abantu abantula umsebenzi bahlushwa ukucindezeleka kwengqondo.” Inani labantula umsebenzi kuyi-European Union kuthiwa licishe lilingane nenani labantu baseDenmark, eFinland nabaseSweden behlangene.