Umsindo—Lokho Ongakwenza Ngawo

EKUPHELENI kosuku olukhathazayo, ulala ufe. Ngokungazelele, uvuswa ukukhonkotha kwezinja zomakhelwane. Uyaphenduka embhedeni unethemba lokuthi lomsindo okhathazayo uzophela ngokushesha. Kodwa uyabelesela. Lezi zinja zikhonkotha zingaqedi. Ucasukile, ukhungathekiswe ukuqwasha, futhi manje usuphapheme, uyazibuza ukuthi omakhelwane bawubekezelela kanjani umsindo ongaka.

Abantu bayahlukahluka ngempela endleleni abawubekezelela ngayo umsindo. Izisebenzi zasesikhumulweni sezindiza ezihlala eduze nendawo izindiza ezisukela kuyo aziphazanyiswa kakhulu umsindo wezindiza njengalezo ezenza umsebenzi ongahlobene nezindiza. Umama osebenzisa umshini kagesi wokuhlanganisa ukudla uwubekezelela kangcono umsindo wawo kunomuntu osegumbini eliseduze ozama ukufunda incwadi noma ukubuka i-TV.

Siyini Isiphazamiso Esiwumsindo?

Amazwe asichaza ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene isiphazamiso esiwumsindo. EMexico, umsindo kuthiwa “yinoma imuphi umsindo ocasulayo oyisidina noma okhathaza abantu.” ENew Zealand kuthiwa umsindo mkhulu ngokweqile lapho “uphazamisa ngokungadingekile ukuthula, ukunethezeka nenjabulo yanoma imuphi umuntu.”

Ososayensi ababili abadumile, u-Alexander Graham Bell, owasungula ucingo, noHeinrich Hertz, isazi se-physics saseJalimane, bahlanganiswa kakhulu nendlela yokulinganisa umsindo. Ama-bel, noma ngokuvamile okuthiwa ama-decibel (ingxenye yeshumi ye-bel), alinganisa ukuduma, kuyilapho ama-hertz elinganisa ukuphakama noma ukuzwakala komsindo. Lapho kulinganiswa umsindo, ngokuvamile imibiko iveza lowo msindo ngesilinganiso sama-decibel.a

Kodwa ubani onqumayo ukuthi umsindo uphazamisa kangakanani? Nguwena owulalele! I-Independent yaseLondon iyaphawula: “Uma kuziwa ekuthungatheni umsindo okhathazayo, indlebe yomuntu iseyithuluzi eliphambili.”

Imiphumela Yomsindo

Njengoba indlebe ‘iyithuluzi eliphambili lokuthungatha’ umsindo, kusobala ukuthi iyisona sitho cishe esingalinyazwa umsindo. Ukulimala kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa angaphakathi endlebeni yakho kungabangela ukuba izindlebe zivaleke unomphela. Yiqiniso, abantu basabela ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene emisindweni ephakeme. Kodwa ukuchayeka ngokuphindaphindiwe emisindweni engaphezu kwama-decibel angu-80 kuya kwangu-90 kungabangela ukuvaleka kwezindlebe kancane kancane. Ngempela, lapho amazinga omsindo ephakeme kakhulu, kulapho sisincane khona isikhathi ongasichitha nsuku zonke kuleyo ndawo ngaphambi kokuba uvaleke izindlebe.

Umagazini i-New Scientist ubika ukuthi imisakazo eminingi efakwa ezindlebeni ethengiswa eFrance inezinga lomsindo eliphakeme elingama-decibel angu-113. Ucaphuna ukuhlola okuthile, waphawula ukuthi “umculo we-rock odlalwa ngomsindo ophakeme ihora elilodwa kuyi-compact disc player ngokuvamile wawuba ngaphezu kwama-decibel ayikhulu futhi wawufinyelela izinga lama-decibel angaba ngu-127.” Okuyingozi nakakhulu umphumela womsindo olalelwa bukhoma emakhonsathini omculo. Umphenyi othile wathola abantu bequlekile bengunge ama-loudspeaker amakhulu. Uyalandisa: “Amehlo ami ayengasaboni kahle, wonke umzimba ungqangqazela ngesigqi esiphakeme, futhi lomsindo wawubuhlungu ezindlebeni.”

Umsindo ungakuthinta kanjani? Incwadi ethile ithi: “Umsindo oqhubekayo wezinga eliphansi kuya kweliphakeme ubangela ukucindezeleka, ukukhathala nokucasuka.” UProfesa Gerald Fleischer, wase-University of Giessen, eJalimane, uyaphawula: “Ukukhathazwa umsindo akuqedi injabulo ekuphileni kuphela, kungakhinyabeza umuntu ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo.” NgokukaProfesa Makis Tsapogas, uma umsindo unezela kwezinye izimo eziyingcindezi, ungabangela ukucindezeleka nezifo emzimbeni.

Ukuchayeka emsindweni isikhathi eside kungathonya ubuntu bakho. Lapho abacwaningi bakahulumeni waseBrithani bebuza izisulu zokuphazamisa komsindo indlela ezizizwa ngayo ngabantu ababanga umsindo, zathi zinenzondo, zifuna ukuziphindiselela, ngisho nokubabulala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abantu ababanga umsindo bavame ukuba nolaka lapho abantu bekhononda ngokuphindaphindiwe. Omunye umgqugquzeli omelene nomsindo uthi: “Umsindo unciphisa ukucabangela kwabantu futhi ubangela ulaka nobutha.”

Abaningi abaye baphazanyiswa umsindo baqaphela ukuthi ukusibekezelela kwabo leso siphazamiso kuyancipha kancane kancane. Bazizwa njengowesifazane owayenomakhelwane abanomsindo ababedlala umculo onomsindo njalo: “Uma uphoqwa ukuba ulalele into ongafuni ukuyilalela, iyakukhathaza. . . . Ngisho nalapho umsindo uphela, sasazi ukuthi uzophinde uqale.”

Khona-ke, ingabe ayikho indlela yokubhekana nesiphazamiso esiwumsindo?

Lokho Ongakwenza

Njengoba umsindo ugcwele kangaka, abantu abaningi abaqapheli neze uma bephazamisa abanye. Akungabazeki ukuthi ukube bebazi, abanye bebeyowuyeka lomkhuba ocasulayo. Yingakho ingxoxo enobungane nomakhelwane onomsindo ingasebenza. Omunye umuntu wathukuthela ngenxa yokukhononda komakhelwane kwabomthetho ngokuthi ubanga umsindo. Wathi: “Bengicabanga ukuthi bazokuza bazokhuluma nami uma umsindo ubacasula.” Umama owahlela umcimbi wedlanzana lezingane wamangala lapho ezobonwa isikhulu esiphenya ngesikhalazo somsindo. Waphawula: “Ngifisa sengathi labo abakhononda babefike kwami bangitshela ukuthi abaphathekile kahle.” Khona-ke, akumangalisi ukuthi isikhulu esithile saseBrithani sezempilo yomphakathi samangala lapho sithola ukuthi amaphesenti angu-80 alabo abakhononda ngomsindo wasemakhaya babengakaze bamcele umakhelwane ukuba anciphise umsindo.

Ukwenqena kwabantu ukukhuluma nomakhelwane ababanga umsindo kubonisa ukungahloniphani. Ukusabela abakulindele futhi abavame ukukuthola kuwukuthi: ‘Uma ngifuna ukudlala umculo, ngizowudlala. Nginelungelo lokwenza kanjalo!’ Besaba ukuthi isicelo somusa sokuba umakhelwane anciphise umsindo singabangela ingxabano lapho lomakhelwane onomsindo ecabanga ukuthi bayagxambukela. Yeka ukuthi lokhu kuyisici esibi kangakanani emphakathini wanamuhla! Yeka indlela okufana ngayo namazwi eBhayibheli athi kulezi ‘zikhathi ezibucayi okunzima ukubhekana nazo,’ abantu bebeyoba ‘abazithandayo, abazidlayo, abanolaka nabanenkani’!—2 Thimothewu 3:1-4.

Okuningi kuxhomeke endleleni esetshenziswa isisulu. Umagazini i-Woman’s Weekly wanikeza ukusikisela okulandelayo kwendlela ongadambisa ngayo isimo esishubile ngemva kokungamukelwa kwesikhalazo: “Amazwi anemfudumalo nobuntu athi, ‘Ngiyaxolisa—angikwazanga ukuzibamba kodwa ngikhathala kakhulu uma ngingalali’ mhlawumbe ayokwenza ukwazi ukubuyisana [nomakhelwane abanenkani].” Mhlawumbe bayosusa imishini yabo yomculo odongeni olunihlukanisayo bese bethi ukwehlisa umsindo kancane.

Ngempela, kuwusizo ukulondoloza ubuhlobo obuhle nomakhelwane bakho. Ezinye iziphathimandla zendawo zinelungiselelo lokulamula omakhelwane abaxabene. Ngenxa yemizwa yobutha ebangelwa ukukhononda kwabanye kwabomthetho, ukubiza inxusa lezomthetho kufanele kubhekwe “njengekhambi lokugcina.”

Uma uhlose ukuthuthela kwenye indawo, uyokuthola kuhlakaniphile ukuhlola izinto ezingase zibange umsindo ophazamisayo ngaphambi kokuba ugunyaze izivumelwano. Abathengisi bezindawo batusa ukuba uvakashele indlu ozohlala kuyo ngezikhathi ezihlukahlukene zosuku ukuze ubone ukuthi ungakanani umsindo. Ungase ucele umbono womakhelwane. Uma kungenzeka kuphakame izinkinga ngemva kokuthuthela endlini yakho entsha, zama ukuzixazulula ngendlela enomusa. Ngokuvamile ukumangalelana kwabomthetho kukhuthaza ubutha.

Kodwa kuthiwani uma uhlala endaweni enomsindo futhi ungenayo imali yokuthuthela kwenye indawo? Ingabe uzohlupheka unomphela? Cha.

Indlela Yokuvikeleka Emsindweni

Bhekisisa ukuthi yini ongayenza ukuze uvikele ikhaya lakho emsindweni ovela ngaphandle. Hlola izindonga nephansi ukuze uthole ukuthi ayikho yini imigodi okufanele ivalwe. Qaphela ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokuxhuma izinto zikagesi. Ingabe zivaleke kahle?

Ngokuvamile umsindo ungena endlini ngeminyango nangamafasitela. Ukufaka ingilazi yesibili emafasiteleni (double glazing) kungasiza ekunciphiseni umsindo. Ngisho nokufaka umucu wesiponji efulemini yomnyango kuyokwenza ukuba isicabha sivaleke ngcí. Mhlawumbe ukwakha uvulandi bese ufaka umnyango wesibili kuyonqanda umsindo wezimoto ophazamisayo ungangeni endlini.

Nakuba umsindo wezimoto wanda ngezinga elishaqisayo, abenzi bezimoto bahlale benza imikhiqizo nezindlela ezintsha zokunciphisa umsindo emotweni yakho. Ukufaka amasondo angenamsindo emotweni yakho nakho kuyasiza. Emazweni amaningi ukuhlola okwenziwa emigwaqweni ehlukahlukene kuye kwenza ukuba kusungulwe imikhiqizo enjenge-“whisper concrete,” eyenza ukuba isondo lingathintani ngokuphelele nomgwaqo. Kubikwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwemigwaqo enjalo kunciphisa amazinga omsindo ngama-decibel amabili ezimotweni ezincane kanti kuwanciphisa nge-decibel elilodwa emalolini amakhulu. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale kungelutho, ukwehla komsindo ngama-decibel amathathu kucishe kulingane nokunciphisa umsindo wezimoto ngengxenye!

Abakhi bemigwaqo sebeklama imigwaqo emikhulu ebiyelwe ngezindonga noma ngenhlabathi, ukuze banciphise umsindo. Ngisho nalapho ingekho indawo yokwenza lokhu, uthango oluklanywe ngokukhethekile, njengalolo olusempumalanga yeLondon olwenziwe ngamahlumela omnyezane nezitshalo ezingabuni, luvikela izakhamuzi eziseduze nomgwaqo omkhulu emsindweni ongafuneki.

Ukuvalela imisindo ephazamisayo ngalokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-white noise—ngokwesibonelo, umoya othule noma ovunguzayo—kungaba usizo kwezinye izindawo, njengamahhovisi.b EJapane sekuthengiswa izimpiyano ezingenamsindo. Kunokuba sishaye intambo yenothi, isando sishukumisa umshini oshaya inothi kuma-earphone omdlali wopiyano.

Ososayensi sebechithe isikhathi eside kakade becwaninga indlela yokwenza lokho abakubiza ngokuthi i-antinoise. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa omunye umthombo womsindo ukuze kukhiqizwe amaza aqeda imiphumela yomsindo. Yiqiniso, lokhu kudinga imishini eyengeziwe nezindleko ezithé xaxa futhi akuwususi ngempela umthombo wenkinga. I-U.S.News & World Report iyaphawula: “Kuze kube yilapho abantu bebheka umsindo njengesiphazamiso, kungenzeka ukuthi i-anti-noise isewukuphela kwendlela yokuthola ukuthula kwesikhashana.” Mhlawumbe kunjalo, kodwa ingabe ukuthula kuyikhambi lesiphazamiso esiwumsindo?

Ingabe likhona ngempela ithemba lokuthula ekhaya lakho nakomakhelwane? Isihloko sethu esilandelayo sinikeza ithemba langempela.

[Imibhalo yaphansi]

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 6]

Indlela Ongakugwema Ngayo Ukuba Umakhelwane Onomsindo

● Cabangela omakhelwane bakho lapho wenza okuthile okunomsindo, futhi ubazise kusengaphambili.

● Bambisana nomakhelwane lapho ekucela ukuba unciphise umsindo.

● Qaphela ukuthi injabulo yakho akufanele ibangele umakhelwane ukucindezeleka.

● Khumbula ukuthi umsindo nokundindizela kuzwakala kalula emaphasishi naphansi.

● Beka imishini yasendlini enomsindo phezu kokuthile.

● Qiniseka ukuthi ukhona ongathintwa ukuba asingathe ukukhala kwenhlaba-mkhosi ngephutha endlini nasemotweni.

● Ungenzi umsebenzi obanga umsindo noma usebenzise imishini yasendlini enomsindo ebusuku.

● Ungadlali umculo ngendlela ecasula omakhelwane bakho.

● Ungazishiyi zodwa izinja isikhathi eside.

● Ungavumeli abantwana ukuba bagxumagxume, kanjalo baphazamise abantu abangaphansi.

● Ungayishayi i-hooter yemoto, ugaklaze izicabha, noma udumise imoto kakhulu ebusuku.

[Ibhokisi/Isithombe ekhasini 7]

Umsindo Nawe

I-Times iyaphawula: “Umsindo uyingozi yezezimboni esakazeke kakhulu eBrithani namuhla, kanti ukuvaleka kwezindlebe kuwumphumela ovamile.” Okunye ukuhlola kwezemisebenzi kubonisa ukuthi umsindo ongama-decibel angaphezu kwangu-85 ungalimaza umbungu. Izindlebe zomntwana ziyavaleka, futhi ukusebenza kwama-hormone akhe kungase kuphazamiseke futhi azalwe ekhubazekile.

Umsindo ophakeme uvala imithambo yegazi futhi unciphisa ukugelezela kwegazi ezithweni zakho zomzimba. Umzimba wakho-ke wona usabela ngokukhiqiza ama-hormone aphakamisa umfutho wegazi nokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, ngezinye izikhathi okubangela ukucinana noma ngisho nobuhlungu besifuba.

Lapho ukhathazwa umsindo, kungaqubuka nezinye izinkinga. Ukuqwasha kungaphazamisa indlela osabela ngayo emini. Umsindo ungase ungakushintshi ukushesha kwakho emsebenzini, kodwa ungaba nengxenye ekwandeni kwamaphutha owenzayo.

[Ibhokisi/Isithombe ekhasini 9]

Ukuvikeleka Emsebenzini

Uma uthola ukuthi umsindo uyinkinga emsebenzini, cabangela ukufaka okuthile kokuvikela izindlebe.c Ama-earmuff afakwa ekhanda njengama-headphone futhi ngokuvamile ayawunciphisa umsindo ophakeme. Awusizo ngoba usengayizwa imiyalezo ekhulunywayo nezixwayiso zemishini, nakuba uma uwafakile kungase kube nzima ukukhomba lapho umsindo uvela ngakhona. Ama-earplug kufanele akulingane kahle futhi awakulungele uma unesifo sezindlebe noma umgudu wezindlebe ulimele.

Ukunakekelwa kahle kwemishini kunganciphisa ukundindizela kwayo. Ukubeka umshini phezu kwezingqimba zenjoloba kuyonciphisa isiphazamiso esiwumsindo, njengoba kuyoba njalo nokuyivalela endaweni ethile imishini enomsindo.

[Umbhalo waphansi]

[Isithombe ekhasini 8]

Ungazivikela kanjani emsindweni obangelwa izinto zokuhamba ezisetshenziswa umphakathi?