Ukubuka Okwezwe
Yiba Nokwethaba—Futhi Uhlale Uphilile!
“Ngokuba nekhono lokuba namahlaya, abantu bakwazi kangcono ukubekezela, babhekana kahle nokukhungatheka, futhi bahlala bephilile ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo,” kusho uProfesa Sueli Damergian waseSão Paulo University. Ngokombiko othile ephephandabeni laseBrazil i-Estado de S. Paulo, ikhono lokuba namahlaya lingafundwa—njengokufunda ukuzifundela nokubhala. Ngokusobala, lokhu kudinga ushintsho ekucabangeni komuntu oxhukulile. Uprofesa wezokusebenza kwengqondo uRaquel Rodrigues Kerbauy uyachaza: “Uma umuntu ecabanga ukuthi uyokwazi ukumomotheka kuphela lapho izwe selilungile, uyoxhukula kuze kube phakade. Phela, kukhona ukungabi nabulungisa kuyo yonke indawo.” Lombiko uphawula ukuthi ngisho noma bematasa kanjani, abantu abanomusa bayakujabulela ukuhlangana nabanye. Bayazazisa izinto ezincane “njengokuxoxa, uswidi, noma ukulalela umculo omnandi imizuzu emihlanu.” Nokho, uDamergian uyaxwayisa: “Umuntu akufanele aphambanise ukuba nekhono lokuba namahlaya nokuphapha nokungabi nanhlonipho.”
Ingabe Izinyoni Zisongelwa Abathandi Bazo?
Abathandi bezinyoni kungenzeka balimaza izinyoni kunokuba bazizuzise lapho bezishiyela ukudla ezingadini zabo, kubika i-Sunday Times yaseLondon. Ukudla okunobuthi obubangelwa ama-bacterium i-salmonella, amagciwane, kanye nezinye izilwanyana ezincane ezingaziwa muva nje kuye kwabulala amashumi ezinkulungwane zezinyoni zaseBrithani ezithandwayo ezihlala engadini. UJames Kirkwood, udokotela wezilwane omkhulu waseLondon Zoo, ukhathazekile ngokuthi ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni zingase ziqothulwe kwezinye izindawo. Ama-bacterium namagciwane angelapheki ngemithi aphila izinsuku eziningi esitibhilini sezinyoni ezingqwembeni ezidlela kuzo noma enhlabathini. Amantongomane anesikhunta ayingozi kakhulu, kuxwayisa uProfesa Chris Perrins wase-Oxford University. Uyaphawula: “Uhulumeni uyenqaba ukuba abantu bathengiselwe amantongomane anamagciwane kodwa uyavuma ukuba afakwe ekudleni kwezinyoni,” enezela: “Abulala izinyoni eziningi.”
Izindawo Ezinethezekile Zamazeze
Ubusika obushubis’umnkantsha babuvame ukuwabulala amazeze. Kodwa umagazini waseBrithani i-New Scientist ubika ukuthi izinto ziyashintsha. “Kuleminyaka eyishumi edlule kuye kwaba nokwanda kwamazeze amakati,” kusho uJohn Maunder, waseCambridge Medical Entomology Centre. Manje izindlu zanamuhla seziyizindawo ezinethezekile zokucasha zalamazeze, ahlala nasezinjeni. Esikhathini esidlule, amakhaza ayenciphisa umswakama—okwakubulala iminoyi yamazeze. UMaunder uyaphawula: “Manje, umoya ozungezayo kwezinye izindlu mncane kangangokuba izinga lomswakama lihlala liphakeme, futhi ngisho namakhaza ahlala isikhathi eside ngeke awabulale amazeze.”
Indlela Yokubhekana Neziqhwaga Esikoleni
Njengoba iziqhwaga zasesikoleni ziye zadalulwa muva nje, uMnyango Wezemfundo waseJapane uye wahlola izingane ezingu-9420 nabazali bazo nothisha. Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi abazali abangafinyelela kumaphesenti angu-70 bezingane eziyizisulu zeziqhwaga ezikoleni zabaqalayo nasezikoleni eziphakeme abayazi lenkinga noma abazange bakuthathe ngokungathi sína ukukhononda kwezingane zabo. Njengoba zisaba ukuziphindiselela kweziqhwaga, izisulu eziningi azimtsheli uthisha ukuthi ziyizisulu zeziqhwaga. Nokho, lokhu kuhlola kwabonisa ukuthi lapho uthisha eyithatha ngokungathi sína lenkinga, amaphesenti amabili kuphela aba izisulu zokuziphindiselela kweziqhwaga futhi ukuba izisulu zeziqhwaga kuyaphela kumaphesenti angaba ngu-40 abafundi abayizisulu. UProfesa Yoji Morita wase-Osaka City University, waphawula: “Ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi ukuba izisulu zeziqhwaga kunganqotshwa uma izisulu zikhononda kothisha bazo futhi nothisha bakusingathe ngendlela efanele.”
Izinto Izingane Ezizithandayo Nezizizondayo
Iyiphi into izingane ezingakujabuleli ukuyenza? Ekuhlolweni kwezingane ezineminyaka eyisithupha kuya kweyishumi nanye ubudala okwenziwa uProfesa Gustavo Pietropolli Charmet, wase-University of Milan, e-Italy, iningi lezingane lathi: “Ukuhlala ekhaya ubuke i-TV,” noma “Ukuhlala nomama nenze umsebenzi wesikole wasekhaya.” Iphephandaba i-Repubblica lithi into engazijabulisi neze eziyenzayo “ukuba nezikhathi ezinqunyiwe zokwenza izinto ezithile,” njengokuphuthuma ezifundweni zokudansa, zesiNgisi, zophiyano, njalonjalo. Futhi ngokuvamile ziyakuzonda “ukuba zodwa.” Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaphesenti angu-49 abafana afuna abazali “bavumele izingane zidlale ngaphandle,” kuyilapho amantombazane efisa sengathi abazali “bangajabulela ukudlala nezingane zabo.” Eqinisweni athi: ‘Uma umama edlala nami, kufanele adlale ngempela. Ngiyambona uma engakujabuleli, bese nami ngingajabuli.’
Ukhadinali Watusa Umsebenzi WoFakazi
UKhadinali Suenens waseBelgium, umgqugquzeli wezinhlangano zamasonto obuKatolika naphilisayo, usanda kufa eneminyaka engu-91 ubudala. Iphephandaba laseBelgium i-Het Belang van Limburg lathi nakuba uSuenens afeza izinto eziningi, akazange asibone sifezeka isifiso sakhe ekuphileni. Owamlandela esikhundleni, uKhadinali Danneels, wathi uSuenens “ngaso sonke isikhathi wayefisa ukuba amaKristu ashiseke. Wayezibuza ukuthi kufanele yini siye endlini ngendlu, njengoba kwenza oFakazi BakaJehova. Futhi ekugcineni, wathola ukuthi lena kwakuyindlela enhle. Amazwi ayevame ukuwasho yilawa: ‘UngumKristu weqiniso kuphela uma uye wenza omunye umuntu waba umKristu naye.’”
Ukuhlanza Ulwandle
Ngisho noma lingani, amashumi ezigidi zamalitha amanzi angcolile nemfucumfucu yemigwaqo yasedolobheni kugelezela ogwini olungaseLos Angeles, eCalifornia. Uma lina, lamanzi angaba amalitha ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane! Uhulumeni wedolobha waxhasa uhlelo lokwazisa izakhamuzi ukuthi noma yini elahlwayo, ekhukhulwayo, noma eshanelelwa emgwaqweni iya ngokuqondile olwandle ngamapayipi emfucumfucu—ingafakiwe amakhemikhali! Lokhu kuhlanganisa uwoyela nolunye uketshezi lwezimoto, okusikwe egcekeni, udoti, nendle yezilwane ezifuywayo. Ukuze kugwenywe ukwenza umonakalo eSanta Monica Bay eseduze, izakhamuzi ziyakhuthazwa: Ningalokothi nilahle izibi emgwaqweni; shanelani izindlela zabahamba ngezinyawo kunokuba nizihlanze ngamanzi; phiphani indle yezilwane ezifuywayo; lungisani izimoto ezivuzayo; futhi phindani niwusebenzise uwoyela wezimoto. I-Wall Street Journal ibika ukuthi abantu ababhukuda eduze kwamapayipi emfucumfucu basethubeni elingamaphesenti angu-50 lokuphathwa imfiva, lokuhlanza, lokuphathwa izifo zemigudu yokuphefumula, noma lokuphathwa izindlebe kunalabo abahlala ebangeni eliqhele okungenani ngamamitha angu-360.
Imikhumbi-ngwenya Enoboya
Ngokukamagazini i-New Scientist, iButho Lemikhumbi laseSweden linoxhaxha lwemibhobho yokuthungatha umsindo wamagwebu abangelwa ukuphenduphenduka kophephela bemikhumbi-ngwenya. Lapho ihlola imibiko engu-6000 “yomsebenzi ongavamile owenzeka ngaphansi kwamanzi,” esekelwe esimisweni semibhobho nalokho okubonwe umphakathi, ikhomishani kahulumeni yathola ubufakazi obuqand’ikhanda bomsindo wemikhumbi-ngwenya emibikweni eyisithupha kuphela. Lombiko uthi eziningi zalezi zinhlabamkhosi kungenzeka zabangelwa “ukugwedla ngamandla kwemilenze emincane.” Kubonakala sengathi amaklolodo nemithini ebhukudayo yenza umsindo ofana nsé nomsindo wophephela bomkhumbi-ngwenya, okubangela ukudideka kumatilosi alalele.
Izingane Zixhaphaza Izingane
Izinkulungwane zezingane zaseNingizimu Afrika zixhashazwa ezinye izingane ngokobulili, kubika iphephandaba laseGoli i-Saturday Star. U-Evanthe Schurink, we-Human Sciences Research Council, uthi lokhu kuxhashazwa kubangelwa ngokwengxenye abashoshozeli abasebasha nabo abaphathwa ngesihluku. UMarilyn Donaldson, umeluleki wezingane e-Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation’s Trauma Clinic, uyavuma, ethi: ‘Emakhaya amaningi, lezi zingane zichayeke ebudloveni basekhaya obunonya futhi ngokuvamile izisulu zazo ziyingxenye yomndeni wazo.’ Futhi uthi isithukuthezi nokunganakwa abazali nakho kunengxenye enkulu kulokhu kuxhashazwa. Uyaphawula: “Akunamuntu osala nezingane uma umzali esebenza, ngakho zisezandleni zabaxhaphazi.” Ebhekisela kwenye ingozi, uDonaldson wathi ubona ‘izingane ezengeziwe ezineminyaka eyisithupha kuya kweyishumi ubudala ezizoza kulesi sikhungo zinengculaza, edluliselwe ngokobulili.’
Utshwala Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa
“Ukucwaninga okusha kuye kwaqinisekisa ukuhlobana phakathi kokuphuza utshwala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokwanda kwamathuba ezinsana okuba ne-leukemia,” kubika i-Medical Post yaseCanada. Lokhu kuhlola kwakuhilela izisulu ze-leukemia ezingu-302 ezazinezinyanga ezingu-18 ubudala noma ngaphansi lapho kutholakala ukuthi zinalesi sifo, kanye nelinye iqembu lezingane ezingu-558 okwakuqhathaniswa nalo. Ezinganeni onina bazo ababephuza utshwala phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu zokuqala noma ezintathu ezilandelayo zokukhulelwa, amathuba okuba ne-acute myeloid leukemia ayecishe aphindwe izikhathi eziyishumi kunalezo onina ababengaphuzi. Lokhu kuhlola okusha kwathiwa kuvumelana nokunye ukuhlola okuphathelene nomama abakhulelwe abaphuza utshwala namathuba okuba izingane zabo zibe ne-leukemia.