Ukubuka Okwezwe

Ziyanda Izinkinga Zengqondo

Iqembu lochwepheshe bezempilo bembulunga yonke lixwayisé “ngezinga elishaqisayo lezinkinga zempilo engokwengqondo emazweni asathuthuka,” kusho iphephabhuku i-First Call for Children. Abacwaningi eHarvard Medical School baloba ngamanani aphakeme okugula ngengqondo “okubangelwa impi, izinhlekelele ezingokwemvelo, ukuxhashazwa nokubulawa kwabesifazane nezingane, nokushintsha kwezimo zabantu, ezombangazwe nezomnotho.” Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwatholakala ukuthi amanani abakhubazeke ngokwengqondo nabanesithuthwane ayephakeme ngokuphindwe kathathu kuya kokuphindwe kahlanu emiphakathini ehola imali encane, futhi ukuzibulala kwakuvelele njengembangela eyinhloko yokufa phakathi kwentsha. NgokukaDkt. Arthur Kleinman, owayehola leli qembu, kumelwe kugxilwe empilweni engokwengqondo emhlabeni wonke. Wathi: “Amazwe ampofu kanye nanothile aye ahluleka ukubekelela ingcebo edingekayo yokubuyisela impilo engokwengqondo.”

Injongo Yesivumelwano

“Abaholi bama-Orthodox aseRussia nabamaSulumane bakuma-republic amane obuSulumane ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union—iKazakhstan, iTajikistan, iTurkmenistan, ne-Uzbekistan—baye bafinyelela isivumelwano sokuxuba izinkolo abangakaze basifinyelele ngaphambili sokulawula amahlelo namaqembu angokwenkolo angavamile aseqala ukuba nethonya enkabeni ye-Asia,” kuphawula umagazini i-Christianity Today. Njengoba babehlangene eTashkent, inhloko-dolobha yase-Uzbekistan, lombiko uthi laba baholi benkolo “benza isifungo sokubambisana ekuqedeni ithonya lamaKristu angabavangeli, amaBaptist, amaMormon, noFakazi BakaJehova.”

Kushaywa Indiva Ukulondolozwa Kwemvelo

I-phalarope enentamo ebomvu, inyoni eyivelakancane, yabonakala echibini eLeicestershire, eNgilandi, futhi abathandi bezinyoni bakulo lonke elaseBrithani baya bayoyibona. Kodwa bayibuka bethukile njengoba i-pike enkulu, engamamitha angu-1,2 ishwabadela lenyoni efudukayo. “Kwakunjengesigcawu se-Jaws,” kusho omunye umthandi wezinyoni. “Ngomunye umzuzu lenyoni yayibhukuda—ngokuzumayo yabanjwa futhi yashwabadelwa.” “Kwasala nje izimpaphe ezimbalwa ezazibonisa ukuthi lenyoni yamanzi engavamile yayivelile echibini laseLeicestershire,” kusho umbiko we-Reuters.

“IBhayibheli Akufanele Licutshungulwe”

Ngaphansi kwalesi sihloko, ingosi yomhleli ephephandabeni i-Weekend Australian yajivaza “imizamo yokuchaza kabusha nokuchibiyela izingxenye zeBhayibheli ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zanamuhla.” Nakuba izinguqulo eziningi ezintsha “ziye zalotshwa izazi, zisebenzisa imibhalo yasendulo etholakele nokucwaninga okungokomlando,” lengosi yomhleli yaxwayisa “ngokuphambanisa umsebenzi wokuhumusha nowokuchaza.” Okwakuphikiswana ngakho kwakuyiziqondiso zabefundisi nothisha ezanyatheliswa uMkhandlu WamaKristu NamaJuda ngomzamo wokugwema noma yimuphi umbono wokubandlulula amaJuda. Amazwi anjengathi “amaJuda,” asetshenziswa ngokuqondene nokuqulwa kwecala nokubulawa kukaJesu, ayoshintshwa abe “ezinye izakhamuzi zaseJerusalema,” namazwi athi “abaFarisi,” abe “abanye abaholi benkolo.” Lengosi yomhleli yanezela: “Izincwadi zeTestamente Elisha aziyona imibono. . . . Ukugxambukela emazwini nokushintsha imibhalo kungase kungalawuleki kalula futhi kuholele ekulandiseni okungathembekile kwezenzakalo zokuphila kukaKristu. Isimo somphakathi ayephila kuwo kufanele sihlale sivumelana nezikhathi zakhe.”

Ukugwema Inhlekelele Yesimo Sezulu

Isimo sezulu somhlaba siyobhekana nenhlekelele phakathi neminyaka ezayo engu-25 kuya kwengu-30 uma kungathathwa isinyathelo ngokushesha, kuxwayisa i-Scientific Advisory Board yaseJalimane. “Ochwepheshe bafuna ukuba kuncishiswe ukukhishwa kwesikhutha (CO₂) esishintsha isimo sezulu okungenani ngephesenti elilodwa ngonyaka,” kubika iphephandaba i-Süddeutsche Zeitung. “Ukwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa akufanele kuvunyelwe kweqe u-0,2° C. eshumini leminyaka ngalinye.” Izephula-mthetho ezinkulu, ezibangela umonakalo ongamaphesenti angu-80 esimweni sezulu somhlaba, amazwe anezimboni. Ngokwesibonelo, isakhamuzi saseJalimane ngokwesilinganiso sikhiqiza isikhutha esiphindwe izikhathi ezingu-20 kunesakhamuzi saseNdiya. Ezinye izinkinga eziyinhloko zendawo ezungezile ezibangelwa umuntu kwathiwa ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi, ukuntuleka kwamanzi ahlanzekile, nokuncipha kwezinto ezingokwemvelo ezinhlobonhlobo.

‘Mawakhiwe Kabusha Umkhaya’

Kuyanda ukunganakwa nokuphathwa ngobudlova kwabantwana, kubika iphephandaba laseBrazil i-Estado de S. Paulo. Nakuba izinkinga zenhlalo nezomnotho zingase zibe imbangela, ukuphathwa kabi kwezingane akukho kuphela emiphakathini empofu. NgokukaLia Junqueira, umxhumanisi we-Reference Center for Children and Adolescents, ‘awukho nomncane umehluko phakathi kwabanothile nabampofu—ngaphandle kokuthi emijondolo noma ezindlini eziminyene, wonke umuntu uyazizwa izingane uma zikhala; kuyilapho ezindlini ezinkulu, izindonga zinciphisa umsindo wokukhala kwazo.’ UPaulo Victor Sapienza, umqondisi wenhlangano yezosizo, ucabanga ukuthi ukuqinisa izibopho zomkhaya kuyikhambi elingcono kakhulu lokulwa nalenkinga. Wathi: “Akusizi lutho ukuyisa ingane esikhungweni lapho ingeke ithole uthando khona. Kudingeka ukuba umkhaya wakhiwe kabusha ukuze izingane zithole uthando ekhaya.”

Izingane Ezine-caffeine

Izingane ezingagxilisi ingqondo, eziyaluzayo, eziphazamiseka kalula, futhi ezihluthukayo kungenzeka zihlushwa ukuphuza i-caffeine eningi, kusho i-Tufts University Diet & Nutrition Letter. Enganeni engamakhilogremu angu-18, “ithini le-cola kanye nohhafu nje wenkomishi ye-iced tea kulingana nezinkomishi ezintathu zekhofi” eliphuzwa umuntu omdala. Lesi sihloko sabhekisela ekucwaningeni kukaMitchell Schare, uprofesa wokusebenza kwengqondo eHofstra University, okwabonisa ukuthi “izimpawu eziningi zokuphuza i-caffeine eningi kwezingane zifana nezimpawu zezifo ezinjengokungezwa.” Sanezela: “Ngaphambi kokuba unqume ukuthi ingane yakho eyaluzayo inalenkinga, ungase uthole ukuthi ikhambi lokuyaluza limane nje liwukunciphisa ukuphuza i-cola netiye.”

Isikhumbuzo Kubathandi Bezilwane

Ingabe uyazithanda izilwane? Uma kunjalo, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi inja enobungane iye yakukhotha ebusweni noma ezandleni. Nokho, ngokukaLane Graham, udokotela wamagciwane e-University of Manitoba, kungenzeka ukuba ungenwe amagciwane ezibungu noma izikelemu. “Kungcono kakhulu ukuba ungavumeli umlomo wenja usondelane nowakho,” kubika i-Winnipeg Free Press. Izinja zisebenzisa izindimi zazo ukuze zizigeze; futhi njengoba izindimi zazo zinjengepulangwe lokuwasha, zibutha izinto eziningi, kuhlanganise nokungcola kwendle. Leli phepha laphawula ukuthi imidlwane “yaziwa ngokugcwala amagciwane eboyeni bayo.” Nakuba emancane amathuba okugula, iseluleko siwukuba “ugeze izandla nobuso bakho, kanye nobezingane, ngemva kokukhothwa inja isikhathi eside, ukuze nje uphephe.”

Izithembiso Ezingafezwanga

“Njenganoma iyiphi inkathi yezinguquko zezokwelapha ngaphambili, umkhakha wezokwelapha ngezakhi zofuzo waqala unombono wekusasa eliqhakazile,” kuphawula umagazini i-Time. “Abacwaningi bathembisa ukwelapha izifo zofuzo ezinjenge-cystic fibrosis, ukuwohloka kwemisipha, ne-sickle-cell anemia, hhayi ngendlela yokwelapha evamile kodwa ngamandla amangalisayo obunjiniyela bezici zofuzo, ngokufaka izakhi zofuzo eziphilile esikhundleni sezingasebenzi.” Kodwa manje, eminyakeni engaphezu kwemihlanu ngemva kokugunyazwa kokuqala kokuhlolwa kwabantu nokubhalisa kwabangu-600 emitholampilo eyikhulu, akukabi nemiphumela emihle. “Ngemva kwakho konke lokhu kuhlola nokukhangisa, abukabikho ubufakazi obusobala bokuthi ukwelapha ngezakhi zofuzo kuye kwelapha—noma ngisho kwasiza—isiguli esisodwa,” kusho i-Time. Eqinisweni, abacwaningi namanje abayazi indlela ephumelelayo yokufaka izakhi zofuzo ezingqamuzaneni ezilimele noma indlela yokwenza ukuba isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela singazenqabi. “Lapho bungekho ubufakazi bokuthi okuthile kuyasebenza,” kusho isazi sezakhi zofuzo sase-University of Arizona uRobert Erickson, “kufana nje nokuthi akusebenzi.”

Ukubhekana Nama-elk

“ESweden, ingxenye yazo zonke izingozi zomgwaqo ezibikwa emaphoyiseni zihilela ukushayisana nezilwane zasendle,” kubika i-New Scientist. Abantu baseSweden abaphakathi kwabangu-12 nabangu-15 bayafa unyaka ngamunye ngenxa yalokhu kushayisana. Izilwane ezikhathaza kakhulu ama-elk aseYurophu, angakhula abe amakhilogremu angu-800 futhi angenawo umzwelo ongokwemvelo wokwesaba izimoto. EFinland eseduze, ama-elk kulelizwe ‘ayimbangela yesibili ephambili yezingozi zomgwaqo, elandela utshwala,’ kusho i-Newsweek. Ukuze isize ekubhekaneni nalenkinga, inkampani yezimoto yaseSweden i-Saab ihlola ukushayisa kwezimoto, isebenzisa ama-elk mbumbulu, ukuze ihlole ukuphepha kwezimoto zayo. Futhi iziphathimandla zaseFinland ziye zabekela eceleni amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-80 ukuze kwakhiwe imihubhe yama-elk ehamba ngaphansi kwemigwaqo ematasa. ‘Lemihubhe izokwenza ukuba ama-elk abone umkhathizwe ngalé, futhi emaceleni kuzotshalwa izitshalo azithandayo,’ kusho i-Newsweek. “Lapho kuyinkathi yokukhwelana, ama-elk awabheki nhlangothi zombili.”