Ukubuka Okwezwe

Izingane Ezingabashokobezi

Emhlabeni wonke sekuvamile ukuba emabuthweni abashokobezi kube khona izingane. Ngokwe-International Herald Tribune, izingane ziyashesha ukufunda ukubulala, futhi isifiso sazo sokwamukeleka kunoma iliphi iqembu lezempi eliye laba umndeni wazo sinamandla ngaphezu komuzwa wazo wokuhle nokubi. “ERwanda nakwezinye izindawo, izingane zazingabaphehli bezinye izenzo zonya ezimbi kakhulu,” kusho umkhulumeli weZizwe Ezihlangene. “Zifuna ukuba ngowothile nokudunyiswa, futhi ontanga bayozamukela kuphela ngokuba zibe nesibindi noma unya lobulwane ngaphezu kwabantu abadala.” Kwenye impi yombango e-Afrika, abafana abaneminyaka engu-8 baqeqeshwa futhi baphoqelelwa ukuba benze izenzo zonya, ezinjengokudubula abazali bazo futhi zibanqume oqhoqhoqho. Amantombazane ayethunjiwe aphoqelelwa ukuba apheke, ahlanze, futhi ajabulise abesilisa ngokobulili. “Kulinganiselwa ukuthi manje empini kunezingane ezisukela kwezingu-50 000 kuya kwezingu-200 000 ezimpini zombango ezingu-24,” kusho umagazini i-Newsweek.

Ukulondeka Kwe-cycad

Izazi zezitshalo eziningi zicabanga ukuthi i-cycad okuthiwa i-Encephalartos woodii iyisitshalo esinqabe kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ngakho lapho ngonyaka odlule iNingizimu Afrika inquma ukuthumela eLondon’s Chelsea Flower Show (UMbukiso Wezimbali WaseChelsea ELondon) esinye salezi zithombo zasezindaweni ezishisayo esifana nesundu, yathatha isinyathelo sokulondeka ngokufaka esiqwini saso into evimbela ukuba sebiwe egcotshwe ngamafutha avimbela amagciwane. I-New Scientist ibika ukuthi wonke ama-cycad athunyelwa yiNingizimu Afrika avikelwa ngalendlela. Ukuze kunqandwe amasela, abalondolozi bemvelo eNingizimu Afrika manje bawavikela ngendlela efanayo ama-cycad azimilelayo, besebenzisa isimiso sokuthungatha ngesiphuphutheki.

Izembozo Zemigodi Yokungena Ngaphansi Azikho

Ngo-1994 izakhamuzi zaseBeijing ezingaphezu kuka-200 zawela emigodini evulekile, kubika iphephandaba i-Economic Daily. Siyini isizathu? Ngalowo nyaka amasela ayentshontshe izembozo zemigodi ezingaphezu kuka-2 000 emigwaqweni yenhloko dolobha yaseChina. Eziningi zazo kuthiwa zazebiwe abantu abahlala bethutha, ababizwa ngokuthi umphakathi wonozulane baseChina. Eshumini leminyaka edlule ukwebiwa kwezembozo bekulokhu kwanda nenani elikhulayo lomphakathi waleli dolobha ohlala uthutha. Izembozo ezinesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-60 zingadayiswa ngama-yuan angaphezu kwekhulu (R44). Izakhamuzi ezalimala zahlanganisa abahamba ngezinyawo nabamabhayisikili.

Izinguqulo Ezintsha ZeBhayibheli

“Ezitolo zezincwadi kufika intilibathwa yezinguqulo ezintsha zeBhayibheli zesiNgisi samuva,” kuphawula i-U.S.News & World Report. Kuye kwakhiqizwa amaBhayibheli ezingane, abadlali, abagugile, omama abangasebenzi, obaba, namanye amaqembu. Enye, okuthiwa i-Black Bible Chronicles, “isebenzisa ulimi olungaphucukile nolwamadrama ukuze yenze ukulandisa kweBhayibheli kuphile ezinganeni zabantu abansundu baseMelika.” Enye, okuthiwa i-New Testament and Psalms: An Inclusive Version, izama ukusebenzisa ulimi olungabonisi ubulili balokho okukhulunywa ngakho. UNkulunkulu ubizwa ngokuthi “uBaba-Mama,” futhi iNdodana yomuntu iba “ongumuntu.” Ukuze kugwenywe ukucasula abantu abangamanxele, abahumushi babiza isandla sokudla sikaNkulunkulu ngokuthi ‘isandla sakhe esinamandla,’ futhi ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwalo nobuzwe, elithi ‘ubumnyama’ alisahlanganiswa nelithi ububi. Kanti eyesithathu, okuthiwa i-New International Reader’s Version New Testament, umshicileli wayo uyichaza ngokuthi “iBhayibheli lokuqala elake labhalwa labemfundo ephansi, nelibiza kancane kakhulu.” Lesi sihloko siphetha ngokuthi: “Sezizonke, manje kunezinguqulo ezingaphezu kuka-450 zeBhayibheli lesiNgisi kuphela. Njengoba kufika inqwaba yezinguqulo ezintsha emashalofini ezincwadi, cishe iBhayibheli lisazolokhu liyincwadi edayiswa kakhulu kunazo zonke.”

Inkinga Yezibongo

Njengoba iChina inabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-1200, ibhekene nokuncipha kwezibongo. Ngokwabacwaningi, izibongo ezingu-3100 kuphela ezisetshenziswayo lapho, uma kuqhathaniswa nezingu-12 000 esikhathini esedlule. Cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingu-350—inani elilingana nenani elihlangene labantu base-United States naseJapane—banezibongo ezinhlanu ezivame kakhulu: uLi, uWang, uZhang, uLiu, noChen. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunamabizoqho avame kakhulu ukusetshenziswa. Ngokwesibonelo, eTianjin, abantu abangaphezu kuka-2300 banegama elithi Zhang Li futhi balibhala ngendlela efanayo, kuyilapho abanye abaningi baliphimisela ngendlela efanayo kodwa balibhale ngendlela ehlukile. Ngenxa yalokhu kudideka, ngephutha kuye kwaboshwa abantu okungebona, kuye kwakhishwa izimali emabhange ngephutha, ezibhedlela kwahlinzwa abantu okungebona. IRepublic yaseKorea inenkinga efanayo. Ukuhlola okwenziwa ngo-1987 kwabonisa ukuthi umuntu oyedwa kwabayisihlanu unesibongo esithi Kim. Ukushadana kwabantu abanezibongo ezifanayo kwenqatshelwa ukuze kuvikelwe ukuzalisana kwezihlobo. Lokhu kwaphumela ekutheni izinkulungwane zemibhangqwana zihlale ndawonye kodwa zingayibhalisile imishado yazo, ngaleyo ndlela zingawufanelekeli umshuwalense nezinye izinzuzo. Nokho, inkantolo ephakeme kakhulu yezwe manje iye yanquma ukuthi imishado enjalo yabantu abanesibongo esifanayo isizobhekwa njengesemthethweni uma imibhangqwana iqale yashadela kwelinye izwe.

Abesifazane BaseRwanda Bayasolwa

Abesifazane nabesilisa, kufanele bathwale icala lokubulala abantu okungenani abangu-500 000 eRwanda ngo-1994, kusho inhlangano ezinze eLondon okuthiwa i-Africa Rights. Umbiko wabo uthi, “izinkulungwane zabesifazane zabulawa abanye besifazane. Izinga abesifazane abahlanganyela ngalo ekubulaleni alinakuqhathaniswa. Lokhu akwenzekanga ngengozi. Abashoshozeli balokhu kuqothulwa kwesizwe babefuna ukuhilela abantu abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka—amadoda, abesifazane ngisho nezingane ezincane ezineminyaka eyisishiyagalombili. Babezimisele ukwakha isizwe samavukela ahlanganiswe ndawonye igazi lokuqothula uhlanga.” Abesifazane abaningi ababehilelekile babesezikhundleni zokwethenjelwa—ongqongqoshe basephalamende, abaphathi bezifunda, izindela, othisha, nabahlengikazi. Abanye bahlanganyela ngokoqobo ekubulaleni, besebenzisa ocelemba nezibhamu, kuyilapho abanye babesekela nje ngokuhalalisela abesilisa abangababulali, ngokubavumela ukuba bangene ezindlini nasezibhedlela, nangokuphanga izindlu nangokukhuthuza izidumbu.

Abahlanzi Abangokwemvelo

Ezinye izitshalo eziqhakazayo zibonisa ikhono elimangalisayo lokuhlanza nokuvuselela inhlabathi yasogwadule engcoliswe uwoyela, kubika i-Times yaseLondon. Izazi zesayensi ziye zathola ukuthi lapho isisindo sikawoyela singaphansi kwesesihlabathi ngamaphesenti ayishumi, lezi zitshalo zingakhula futhi izimpande zazo zihlale zihlanzeke ngokuphelele. Siyini isizathu? Izigidi zama-bacterium ahlala ezimpandeni zezitshalo ayawumunca uwoyela abese ewushintsha ewenza ube imikhiqizo engeyona ingozi. Lezi zitshalo zivela komunye wemikhaya emikhulu kakhulu yezitshalo, i-Compositae, ehlanganisa ama-daisy, ama-aster, nolunye ukhula oluningi. Izazi zesayensi zitusa ukuba lezi zitshalo zitshalwe ukuze kusheshiswe ukuhlanzwa kogwadule lwaseKuwait. Nakuba sekuphele iminyaka emine kwalwiwa impi ne-Iraq, cishe amakhilomitha-skwele angu-50 ogwadule asangcolile.

Basebenzisa Amakhanda Abo

“Abesifazane base-Afrika bahamba amabanga amade bethwele imigqomo esindayo yamanzi noma amabhodwe okudla njengokungathi abathwele lutho,” kusho umagazini i-Discover. “Abacwaningi baye bathola ukuthi abesifazane bangathwala imithwalo esindayo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa noma imaphi amandla engeziwe.” Abanye besifazane baseKenya bangathwala umthwalo ongaphezu kwesisindo sabo ngamaphesenti angu-20 ngaphandle komzamo owengeziwe. Bakwenza kanjani? Ngokuthwala “imithwalo yabo kahle kunabantu abathwele ojosaka abasindayo noma abantu abangazange baqeqeshelwe ukusebenzisa amakhanda abo,” kuphendula i-New Scientist. “Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi imfihlo isendleleni imizimba yabesifazane enyakaza ngayo lapho behamba.” Lapho sihamba, sinjengento elengayo eya ngapha nangapha, ethatha isisindo kolunye uhlangothi isiyise kolunye. KubeLungu, ikhono lokudlulisela amandla kolunye uhlangothi liyancipha lapho umthwalo uya usinda ngokwengeziwe. Kodwa kwabesifazane abaNsundu abathwala imithwalo yabo emakhanda, ikhono labo liyakhula, kangangokuba imisipha yabo akudingeki yenze umsebenzi owengeziwe. Nokho, lobu buciko buthatha iminyaka ukubufunda.

“Isifo SaseJerusalema”

“Siwukugula okuphatha izivakashi, ezithi ngemva kokuba imizwa yazo ithintwe ukuba kuleli dolobha, ziqiniseke ukuthi ziwuMsindisi, noma omunye umuntu othile ovelele waseBhayibhelini, noma ukuthi uNkulunkulu uzinikeze isigijimi esikhethekile noma uzithumile,” kusho umagazini i-Time. “Abaningi banomlando wokuba nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.” Umuntu waseNtaliyane onentshebe, watholwa ezulazula emagqumeni aseduze neBethlehema egqoke amasaka, ethi unguJesu. Indoda ethile enqunu eshwiba inkemba, igijima inqamula kuleli Dolobha Elidala, ithi ithunywe ukuba iphulukise izimpumputhe. Indoda ethile enkulu yaseCanada ithi inguSamsoni futhi lokho “ikubonisa” ngokwephula izinsimbi ezisefasiteleni legumbi ekulo esibhedlela futhi yabaleka. Labo abanalesi sifo ngokuvamile bayiswa eJerusalem’s Kfar Shaul Psychiatric Hospital—hhayi ukuba belashwe kodwa ukuba behliswe umoya ukuze baphindele ekhaya bayokwelashwa. Lesi sibhedlela samukela iziguli ezingu-50 ngonyaka, ngokuyinhloko ezivela eNtshonalanga Yurophu nase-United States.