Ukubuka Okwezwe

Ubusela Bezisebenzi

Ubugebengu bubiza izimboni zaseBrithani imali engaphezu kuka-R23-400 000 000 ngonyaka, kuqinisekisa uJohn Banham, umqondisi-jikelele weNhlangano Yezezimboni zaseBrithani. Kulengqikithi, kusukela emarandini ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-5,2 kuye kwezingu-7,8 zibangelwa ubusela bezisebenzi. Ibika imiphumela yokuhlola kwamuva, iDaily Telegraph yaseLondon yembula ukuthi abangamaphesenti angu-85 alabo okwaxoxwa nabo abazange babacebe abangane babo kwabakhulu ngokweba enkampanini. Ngezinye izenzo zokungethembeki, lokhu kuhlola kwaphawula ukuthi izimo zengqondo zazehlukahluka ngokweminyaka yokukhula. Nakuba izisebenzi ezingaphezu kwengxenye ezineminyaka engaphezu kuka-45 ubudala zakuthola kungemukeleki ukusebenzisa ucingo lwenkampane ngezinjongo zomuntu siqu, bangaphansi koyedwa kwabane eqenjini labaneminyaka esuka ku-16 kuya ku-24 abangavumelananga nakho. Futhi, angu-19 kuphela amaphesenti aleliqembu labasebasha elacabangela ukusebenzisa isikhathi somsebenzi ekukhulumeni izindaba ezingahlobene nezenkampane “njengokweba isikhathi.”

IZINGA LOKUFA KWEZINSANA

IUnited States manje isicishe ibe phezulu ohlwini lwamazwe athuthukile anamazinga aphakeme okufa kwezinsana, kusho uDkt. Regina Lederman, iphini lenhloko noprofesa weSikole Sobuhlengikazi seGatsha Lezokwelapha leYunivesithi yaseTexas. Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule iUnited States yayisendaweni yesihlanu ezizweni zonke ngokuba nezinsana ezinempilo, kodwa ngo-1987 yase yehlele endaweni yama-20. IMelika ihaqwe ukusetshenziswa kabi kwemilaliso nophuzo oludakayo, ingculaza, ukungondleki kahle, ukungabi namakhaya, ukucindezeleka, umqedazwe wokukhulelwa kwentsha, nemiphumela yokubhema. Konke kunikela esisindweni esiphansi sezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa, usongo oluqeda amandla ekuphileni okusanda kuzalwa nembangela yokukhubazeka okuningi kokuphila konke. NgokukaLederman, phakathi kuka-1950 no-1987, ukuzinikela kwesizwe sonke ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kwabesifazane nabantwana kwanyusa iJapane isuka endaweni ye-17 iya endaweni yokuqala, ifinyelela izinga eliphansi kunawo wonke lokufa kwezinsana emhlabeni. “Ngokusobala konke ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi ukunakekela kwangaphambi kokubeletha kwandisa amathuba okubeletha okuvamile nosana olunempilo,” kusho uLederman. “Ngokufanelekile, ukunakekela kwangaphambi kokubeletha kuqala ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.”

UKUNCIPHA KWEZINKAWU

Izinkawu ezinkulu ezingenawo umsila zaseRock yaseGibraltar ezaziwa ngokuthi amaBarbary macaque ziyancipha ngamanani, kubika iTimes yaseLondon. Kuze kube manje lezinkawu beziphila ngokukhululekile eRock ngaphansi kokunakekela kwesikhungo samabutho aseBrithani. Kodwa eziningi zezivakashi eziyizigidi ezintathu nengxenye ezivakasha minyaka yonke zondla lezinkawu ngoshokoledi nabanye oswidi. Ngenxa yalokho, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile nokuthanda uswidi ngokweqile kwenza amanye amaBarbary macaque “alahlekelwe isithakazelo ekuzalisaneni futhi alwe ebanga ukudla.” Lokhu kubangele ukwehla kwezinga lokuzala lalezilwane, futhi inani lazo liye lehla lisuka ku-130 laya ku-70. Ukuze anqande lokhu, uhulumeni waseGibraltar manje usungule ipaki elinabalindi lapho umhlambi owodwa wezinkawu uzovikelwa khona futhi uphiwe ukudla okuyizinhlamvu okulawuliwe okunoshukela omncane. Umqondisi wepaki themba ukuthi lokhu kuzophumela ekuziphatheni okuvamile futhi kusize ekulondolozeni lezilwane ezisengozini.

UKUKHETHA UBUZWE EYUROPHU

“Izimeneja zawo-1990,” kubika iEuropean, “kudingeka zinqobe imigoqo engaphezu kweyolimi” uma zizothola umsebenzi kwamanye amazwe. Ukuhlola okwenziwe eYurophu kubonisa ukuthi kukhona “ukukhetha ubuzwe okucacile” uma kuziwa ekuqasheni abakwamanye amazwe. Ekuhlolweni kwezinkampane ezingu-700 zaseBrithani, amaJalimane namaDashi atholakala efaneleka ngaphezu kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu, kuyilapho amaNtaliyane nabaseSpain bengathandwa kangako. AmaFulentshi nabaseBelgium ngokuvamile bayemukelwa njengezisebenzi zakwamanye amazwe, kodwa abaseSwitzerland kuthiwa bafuna amaholo aphakeme futhi abaneliseki. Ngezinkampane zaseSpain, abangcono kakhulu okungaphendukelwa kubo amaFulentshi. AmaNgisi namaDashi athanda ukuphathisa abanye umsebenzi, kodwa akunjalo ngamaFulentshi namaNtaliyane. “Abantu abafani” kuphawula iphephandaba, “ngakho behlulela amakhono ngokungefani.”

ISIZATHU SOKUBALEKA KWEZINGANE

ICanberra Times yaseAustralia yahlela izizathu zokuthi kungani izingane zibaleka emakhaya. Kwezinye, kuyisinqumo esithathwa ngalesosikhathi. Ezinye zihamba ukuze zizwe ukuthi kunjani. Iningi lalezingane ezibalekayo ngokushesha ziyalamba futhi zibe nesizungu bese zibuya ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Kodwa ezinye zinezizathu ezijule kakhudlwana, njengezinkinga zasesikoleni, abazali abayizidakwa, ukuphathwa kabi ngokomzimba noma ngokobulili, kanye nokwehlukana komshado wabazali. Lezo ezishiya ikhaya ngalezozizathu zihamba isikhathi esijana, ezinye ngokuphelele. Zingase ziphendukele ebufebeni nasebugebengwini obuncane ukuze zithole imali yokuba ziqhubeke ziphila. Nazi izimpawu ezixwayisayo: izingxabano ezingapheli ekhaya, ukungabibikho njalo ekhaya kuze kube sebusuku kakhulu, nokungayi esikoleni okuphikelelayo. Ukuze kuncishiswe ithuba lokubaleka, lesihloko sihlelela abazali lokhu kusikisela: ‘Yenzani indawo yasekhaya ifudumale, futhi ibe nothando; yibani nokulinganisela phakathi kokuzitika ngokweqile nokushiqela ngokweqile; nikezani abantwana ukuziphatha nomthwalo wemfanelo; thuthukisani amakhono awusizo okukhulumisana, ikakhulukazi ikhono lokulalela; nikezani isiyalo esihle nesingaguquguquki.’

AMABUDDHA AZOVIKELA INGCEBO

Abathengisi bamatshe ayigugu eJapane babika ukuthi izithombe zegolide zikaBuddha ngokungazelelwe sezenza izinto zabo ezithengwa kakhulu. Kungani? Izinto zegolide ziye zehla kakhulu ngentengo selokhu kumiswe isimiso esisha sentela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunenkolelo edumile yokuthi lezithombe zenkolo aziyikhokhi intela yezinto ezitholwe njengefa. Nokho, uMnyango Wentela usongela ngokuzithelisa izithombe zikaBuddha eziye zathengelwa ukugwema umthetho kunokubaluleka kwazo okungokwenkolo nokusetshenziswa. Abathengisi bamatshe ayigugu bayaphawula, futhi ukuthi, umsebenzi ohilelekile ekulungiseni isithombe sikaBuddha wenyusa intengo yaso ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-75 enani legolide, kwenza ukuthi kube ukulondoloza imali okungahlakaniphile.

ABABULALI BASEMIGWAQWENI EMIKHULU

◻ “Abantu abaningi ababulawa emigwaqweni emikhulu basebenzisa icocaine,” kusho uDkt. Peter Marzuk, umlobi onesandla ekucwaningeni okwashicilelwa kuJournal of the American Medical Association. Ukucwaninga okwenziwa ngenxa yokuthi abantu abafa emigwaqweni yaseDolobheni laseNew York babandile, kwabonisa ukuthi amaphesenti angu-56 alabo abafa ayenenzika yecocaine noma utshwala, noma kokubili, emizimbeni yabo ngesikhathi befa. UMarzuk ucabanga ukuthi abashayeli abaningi ngokwengeziwe basebenzisa icocaine ngaphezu kwalokho okuboniswa ukuhlola. Abanye abafi, kuyilapho abanye abafile babengasebenzisanga eyanele ukuba ingabonwa.

◻ “Ukulala ushayela kubangela ukufa kwabantu abangu-6 500 emgwaqweni minyaka yonke futhi kungase kubangele izingozi ezifinyelela ku-400 000 ngonyaka” eUnited States, kusho umagazini iScience, ubika ngalokho okwatholwa isazi sokusebenza kwemizwa uMichael Aldrich, umcwaningi ocwaninga ngokulala waseYunivesithi yaseMichigan. Amaphesenti afinyelela ku-25 enani labantu abahlushwa izifo zobuthongo, uAldrich uthi ngokunokwenzeka kakhulu yibona abozelayo lapho beshayela. Isifo sokuphelelwa amandla okuphefumula ngokuvamile esenzeka ebusuku, singesivamile kakhulu, futhi sishiya umuntu ebesimphethe ezizwa ekhathele ngosuku olulandelayo. Nokho, isibalo esiphakeme kunazo zonke sezingozi ezenzeka kulabo abahlushwa inarcolepsy, isimo esibangela “ukuhlaselwa” ubuthongo.

UKUNQANDA AMAPHELA

“Amaphela angabekezelela isilinganiso esiphakeme semisebe yokushisa ngaphezu kokuba abantu bengenza,” kusho uRichard Brenner weNkonzo Yezokucwaninga Ngezolimo yaseU.S., “kodwa awakwazi ukwenza ukushisa kube sesilinganisweni, ngakho ukushisa thina esingakwazi ukukubekezelela—ngenxa yokuthi siyajuluka ukuze sigcine izinga lokushisa kwemizimba yethu liphansi—kungawabulala.” Manje inkampani yokunqanda izilokazane yaseCalifornia isebenzisa lelophuzu ukuze iqede amaphela kanye nezinye izilokazane ezindlini. Indlu enezilokazane yembozwa ngethende eliwuseyili. Izitofu ezivutha kakhulu kanye namafan kufakwa ngaphakathi ukuze kwenyuswe izinga lokushisa lapho libe cishe amadegree Celsius angu-66. “Ngemva kwamahora amane kulelozinga lokushisa, zonke izingxenye zesakhiwo ziyobe sezifinyelele izinga lokushisa elingaphezu kuka-50°C, elingelanele ukubulala amaphela, izintuthwane, imikhaza, inundu, ngisho nomuhlwa,” kusho iNew Scientist.

“UKUSHINTSHELA KOKUNGCONO NOMA KOKUBI KAKHULU”

“Kuthiwa imishado yenziwa ezulwini,” kusho i-India Today. “Kodwa kulemibhangqwana emibili yasesigodini sasePatan, imishado ibonakala yehlukaniswa emhlabeni.” Kwenzeka lapho imibhangqwana emibili ehlukene ifika kanye kanye izele imishado yayo. Yomibili yayiphuthuma, futhi ukubhaliswa kwemishado kwenziwa ngokushesha. Kwaba khona ukushaqeka lapho amaveyili amade ayevale ubuso bomakoti esuswa, futhi kutholwa ukuthi kwakuphanjaniswe omakoti. “Ngisho nakuba omakoti babekhungathekile ngenxa yalolushintsho, izihlobo zaphikelela ngokuthi lokho okwase kwenziwe kwakungenakwenziwa ngenye indlela,” kusho i-India Today. “Ngakho manje, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yayishintshele kokungcono noma okubi kakhulu, imibhangqwana kwakufanele inamathelane ize yehlukaniswe ukufa.”

IBHOMU ECUSHIWE YOBUCIKO BASEGIBITHE

“Abadwebi abasebenzisa upende baseGibithe yaseNdulo basungula imisebenzi yobuciko enemibalabala, imifanekiso edwetshwe ezindongeni, imifanekiso eqoshiwe enemibala, amabhokisi emingcwabo kanye namatshe amathuna. Babeyinhlangano ekhethekile kakhulu futhi bathola umbala wokuqala ababezenzele wona, umbala ogqamile ‘oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka waseGibithe,’ omuhle ngaphezu kwayo yonke imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka engokwemvelo ababenayo,” kuphawula iGerman Tribune. Kodwa “abazange baqaphele ukuthi umbala wabo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka waseGibithe wawungukuzigwaza ngowabo emsebenzini wabo wobuciko. Wawunegciwane eliyikhemikhali elalingababulala.” Okusolwayo kulokhu iatacamite, okusansimbi okungazange kufakwe ngenhloso kodwa, abacwaningi abathola ukuthi yavela kamuva ngenxa yomphumela wezinqubo zamakhemikhali, kancane kancane zishintsha okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuba luhlaza okotshani. Lenqubo iqhubeka endaweni enomswakama, yenze umbala uthambe futhi ibangele ukuba ukhumuzele. Umswakama omningi ufika ngezikhathi zokuvakasha kwabantu abazobona indawo, ushiya iziphathimandla zaseGibithe zisenkingeni: izindawo ezicinene ezivakashelwayo, lezo izwe elincike kuzo ngokwezimali, noma ingozi yokulahlekelwa yiyo yonke imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka neluhlaza okotshani phakathi nekhulu leminyaka.