“Umdlalo Wokuhlupheka KukaJesu” WaseOberammergau—Usondele Kangakanani EBhayibhelini?
Ngomlobeli wePhaphama! eFederal Republic of Germany
IOBERAMMERGAU iyidolobha elihle elisentabeni eBavaria. Eziningi zezakhamuzi zalo ziye zayeka izinwele kanye nentshebe kwakhula zilungiselela umdlalo ezizohlanganyela kuwo kulonyaka. Lomdlalo uyisiko elisekelwe kulokho okhokho bazo abakwenza ngo-1633.
Emuva ngalesosikhathi ubhubhane lwacishe lwabangela umonakalo, futhi izakhamuzi zenza isifungo sokuthi uma zisindile, ngezikhathi ezithile zaziyodlala lokho okwakubizwa ngokuthi uMdlalo Wokuhlupheka KukaJesu. Lomdlalo wawuyisiko elaqala eSontweni lamaKatolika emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka ngaphambili, futhi wawubonisa ukuhlupheka nokufa kukaKristu.
Ukuboniswa kokuqala kwalomdlalo eOberammergau kwenziwa ngo-1634. Umkhosi wesikhumbuzo wonyaka wama-350 wagujelwa lapho phakathi no-1984, kunemidlalo eyaheha izibukeli ezingu-443 000 sezizonke, kuhlanganise nezivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba. Kulonyaka umdlalo uzoqala ngoMay kuya kuSeptember.
Kanye namahhotela nezindlu zokudlela, amashabhu okubaza nawezinto zakudala eziyizikhumbuzo zishaya uhele emigwaqweni yalelidolobha. Empeleni, izakhamuzi eziningi ziphila ngokudlala lomdlalo.
Kungani kuza abaningi kangaka? “Kimina, awuwona umdlalo,” kuphawula esinye isivakashi. “Kuyinkonzo engokwenkolo.” Leyo yindlela abaningi abawubheka ngayo, nakuba manje kungabantu bendawo abadlala lomdlalo, hhayi isonto.
Badlalela Izibukeli?
Abefundisi ababili benza inguqulo yesimanje yalomdlalo, omunye wayibhala ngo-1810 kanti omunye wayibukeza eminyakeni engamashumi amahlanu kamuva. Uhlaka lwavunyelwa uMhlangano WabaBhishobhi BaseJalimane futhi “lunamathela emlandweni wamaVangeli,” kusho omunye umthombo.
Nokho, ngokuhamba kweminyaka ababhali baye bahlehla kokushiwo amaVangeli ukuze bagweme ukucasula abezinye izinkolo, kuhlanganise namaJuda. Ngakho ngezinga elithile, namuhla umhalaliselo wezibukeli unikeza amazwi okumelwe alotshwe. Ngokwesibonelo, izingxenye ezembula inzondo yabaholi abangamaJuda ngoJesu zasuswa ohlakeni oludala, kuhlanganise noMathewu 21:43, lapho uJesu athi khona kubaholi benkolo bamaJuda: “Niyakwamukwa umbuso kaNkulunkulu, uphiwe isizwe esiyakuveza izithelo zawo.”
Igama likaNkulunkulu, uJehova, nalo liye laba isisulu sokungasetshenziswa, ngisho nakuba uhlaka lunawo amazwi kaJesu kuNkulunkulu: “Ngibonakalisile igama lakho kubantu ongiphé bona.” (Johane 17:6) Ngokwesibonelo, uhlaka luka-1960 lwaluthi uIsaka kwakuhloswe ukuba abe umhlatshelo “ngokwentando kaJehova.” Kodwa uhlaka luka-1984 lufundeka ngokuthi “ngokwentando yeNkosi.”
Awuvumelani NamaVangeli
Nakuba umdlalo ubonisa izigameko eziphathelene nokuboshwa, ukulahlwa ngecala, nokubulawa kukaJesu, ukunemba okungokweBhayibheli akufezi indima eholayo. Ngokwesibonelo, enye ingxenye ibonisa izigameko ezichazwe kuyiTobias, incwadi engaThembekile engeyona ngisho nengxenye yeZwi likaNkulunkulu eliphefumlelwe. (2 Thimothewu 3:16) Futhi izikhathi eziningi igama elithi “iPhasika” lihunyushwa ngokungafanele ngokuthi “i-Ista.”
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uJuda Iskariyothe uboniswa njengombambi wethuba owancengwa yizitha zikaJesu ukuba akhaphele iNkosi yakhe. Kodwa eqinisweni kwakunguJuda ngokwakhe owathatha isinyathelo sokuqala, sokuba akhulume nabapristi abakhulu, eqhutshwa ukuhaha. (Mathewu 26:14-16; qhathanisa noJohane 12:4-6.) Futhi, ukuqhathaniswa kukaJohane 13:21-30 noMathewu 26:20-29 kubonisa ukuthi uJuda kumelwe ukuba waphuma endlini ngaphambi kokuba uJesu amise iSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa. Lokhu kunengqondo, ngoba uJesu wayengeke enze ‘isivumelwano sombuso’ nomkhapheli wakhe. (Luka 22:29, qhathanisa neNW) Nokho, emdlalweni waseOberammergau uJuda ukhona eSidlweni Sakusihlwa Sokugcina.
Ukuqonda Amaqiniso EBhayibheli
Umfundi weBhayibheli angaqonda amaqiniso athile angokomBhalo, noma ukonakaliswa kwawo, emdlalweni. Isibonelo yilenkulumo ethi, ‘Lapho sijatshulelwa ngokufanelekile isinkwa esingcwele sesivumelwano esisha sisindisa umphefumulo ekufeni.’ Lokhu kuvumelana nemfundiso yeBhayibheli yokuthi umphefumulo uyafa. Umuntu ‘ongazijabuleli ngokufanelekile’ izinzuzo zomhlatshelo kaJesu, ngokuqinisekile umphefumulo wakhe ngeke usindiswe ekufeni—Hezekeli 18:20.
Ukuthi ungubani ngempela uJesu kungaqondwa lapho, ngemva kokuvuka kwakhe, etshela uMariya Magdalena: “Ngenyukela . . . kuNkulunkulu wami noNkulunkulu wenu.” (Johane 20:17) Kulokhu kuyacaca ukuthi uJesu wayenoNkulunkulu. Ngakho, wayengeke abe uNkulunkulu, njengoba kugcizelelwa imfundiso yeLobukholwa kaZiqu-zintathu. Ngakho lapha, uma uhlaka lunamathela emagameni asetshenziswe yiBhayibheli luphikisana nezimfundiso zesonto.
Umdlalo wenza kube nokwenzeka ukubona uMbuso kaNkulunkulu. UFiliphu uthi kuJesu: “Misa uMbuso kaNkulunkulu emhlabeni wonke,” kulokho uKristu uyaphendula: “Lokho okufisayo, kuzokwenzeka ngesikhathi esifanele.” Kamuva uJesu uyanezela: “Angisayikuphuza isithelo somvini uze ufike uMbuso kaNkulunkulu.” Futhi uTomase uyabuza: “Ingabe umuntu ngamunye uzoba nendawo ayibusayo eyabelwe yena?” Lezinkulumo zembula ukuthi uMbuso unguhulumeni kaNkulunkulu ozobusa umhlaba, hhayi nje ukuphila okuphakade noma okuthile okungaphakathi komuntu, njengoba abaningi bekholelwa.—Bheka uDaniyeli 2:44; 7:13, 14; Luka 22:18; IsAmbulo 5:10.
Esinye sezigcawu zokugcina sibonisa isiGungu Esiphakeme SamaJuda sizama ngokungenampumelelo ukuba isidumbu sikaJesu “siphonswe emgodini wezelelesi.” Lamazwi ayathakazelisa. AmaJuda ayethatha ngokuthi izelelesi zazingakufanelekele ukufakwa ethuneni lapho uNkulunkulu ayengazikhumbula khona, futhi kunalokho ayephonsa izidumbu zazo eSigodini sikaHinomu (iGehena), lapho umlilo ongacimi wawushisa khona izibi. EBhayibhelini, uJesu wabhekisela kulendawo eseduze neJerusalema njengewuphawu lokubhujiswa okuphelele, isimo esasingeke sibe nakho ukuvuswa kwabafileyo.—Mathewu 18:8, 9.
Kukamuva kuphela, ngemva kokuhlubuka ebuKristwini beqiniso, lapho iGehena lahlanganiswa khona nomqondo wobuqaba wesihogo somlilo. Umdlalo waseOberammergau udalula ithonya lesiko elingekho ngokweBhayibheli lapho uthi: “Esihogweni kuvuka yonke imimoya,” futhi ucaphuna iNkosi njengethi: “Ngizophonsa uSathane esihogweni.” Ngakho-ke izimfundiso zeBhayibheli azisho lutho.
Awuthuthukisi Izimfundiso ZeBhayibheli
Kusukela ngoMay kuya kuSeptember, izakhamuzi zaseOberammergau zizodlala zonke izingxenye ezingu-1 700 emdlalweni othatha amahora ayisithupha. Zizofanekisela abantu abangamaJuda, amabutho amaRoma, uJesu, uJuda, kanye nabaphostoli. Futhi zizophindaphinda lomdlalo izikhathi ezicishe zibe yikhulu enkundleni engaphandle kuzo zonke izimo zezulu.
Umdlalo uzophinda uhehe amakhulu ezinkulungwane ezivakashi. Kodwa ingabe uzozikhuthaza ukuba zamukele uKristu ovusiwe kanye noMbuso kaNkulunkulu, owukuphela kwethemba lokuxazulula izinkinga zesintu? Cha, ngoba nakuba uMbuso kaNkulunkulu uthintwa emdlalweni, usalokhu ufiphele. Futhi nakuba uDeveli echazwa kabili emdlalweni njengombusi, noma “iNkosi,” yalelizwe, lokho okuzokwenzeka kuye akucaciswa. Ngakho, lomdlalo awuvumelani nezimfundiso zeBhayibheli eziyinhloko, futhi uze ngisho uphikise ezinye zazo.
IBhayibheli libonisa ukuthi ngokushesha uKristu uzosusa uSathane nethonya lakhe, impande yabo bonke ububi, ezindabeni zesintu. Bonke abenzi bobubi emhlabeni nabo bazobe sebesusiwe. Khona-ke kuzoqala ukuBusa Kweminyaka Eyinkulungwane koMbuso kaNkulunkulu wasezulwini phezu komhlaba. (IsAmbulo 20:4, 6) Lokhu kubusa kukahulumeni kaNkulunkulu kuzoguqula umhlaba ube yipharadesi lapho abantu abalalelayo bezophila khona phakade empilweni ephelele nenjabulo.—IHubo 37:10, 11, 29; AbaseRoma 16:20.
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Uyini Umsuka Womdlalo Wokuhlupheka Kothile?
Ngokuphathelene nemidlalo yokuhlupheka kothile, iWorld Book Encyclopedia iyaphawula:
“Umdlalo wokuhlupheka kothile ungumdlalo owenziwa uphile obonisa ukufa nokuvuka kukankulunkulu. AbaseGibithe lasendulo babedlala imidlalo yokuhlushwa eyayinikelwe kunkulunkulu uOsiris. AmaGreki akudala ayedlala imidlalo efanayo eyayinikezelwe kunkulunkulu uDiyonisiyu.”
Gemeinde Oberammergau, Haag
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Gemeinde Oberammergau, Haag