Ukuqonda Isifo Sesifuba Somoya

ISIFO sesifuba somoya (asthma) siwuhlupho olusemhlabeni wonke. Lapha eNew Zealand, kulinganiselwa ukuthi oyedwa kwabangu-10 simphethe. Abasebasha nabakhulile ngokufanayo, abahlala emadolobheni nabahlala emaphandleni, izisebenzi ezisebenza ngezandla nezisebenzi zasehhovisi, baphakathi kwesibaphethe.

Nokho, isifo sesifuba somoya asiqondakali kahle, ikakhulukazi kulabo esingabaphethe. Ngisho nabaphethwe yiso ngokuvamile abakuqondi okwenzeka kubo, futhi lokhu kungadala ukukhathazeka okumane kwenze sibe sibi isimo. Mhlawumbe ukukhulumela okulandelayo, okusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho nasekucwaningeni okwenziwa eNew Zealand, kuyosiza ekunciphiseni ngandlela-thile lokho kungaqondi.

Siyini Isifo Sesifuba Somoya?

Ekuhlaseleni okuvamile kwesifo sesifuba somoya, isiguli sizizwa sicinene esifubeni. Sihefuzela futhi sikhwehlela, siphefumula kanzima. Okwenzeka kuso kuyesabisa! Ukuhlasela kwesifo sesifuba somoya kungase kube kubi kakhulu noma kungabi kubi kangako. Izimpawu zaso zingase zihlukahluke, njengoba kunjalo nangezikhawu zokuhlasela. Abanye abantu bahlala benazo lezozimpawu, nakuba zihluka ngobubi.

Yini ebangela lemizwa engajabulisi? Njengoba kungenzeka uyazi, umoya ungeniswa emaphashini ethu ngemithambo yebronchus. Ezigulini eziningi eziphethwe isifo sesifuba somoya, ukusabela kokungezwani nento ethile kubangela ukuzwela okweqile kulemithambo. Izinyama ezisolwelwesini lwebronchus zingase zifinyele, ulwebu olungaphakathi kwalemithambo lungase luvuvuke, nezindlala ezisolwelwesini lwebronchus zingase zikhiqize amafinyila amaningi. Bese uba yini umphumela? Lemithambo iyancipha. Yingakho nje isiguli siba nobunzima bokuphefumula!

Yini Ebangela Isifo Sesifuba Somoya?

Yini ebangela ukuhlasela kwesifo sesifuba somoya? Mhlawumbe isifo esithathelwanayo, ukukhathazeka ngokomzwelo noma ukusabela okunamandla kokungezwani nento ethile. Nokho, lapho nje lesifo sesiye samqala umuntu, kungase kube nezishukumisi ezimbalwa zokuvimbela ezifweni, noma izinto ezikhethekile, eziyokhiqiza ukuzwela okweqile emithanjeni yebronchus. Futhi lapho nje imithambo yebronchus ikuzwa lokho, ezinye izici, njengokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ukuswaka-

ma okushintshashintshayo, ukukhathazeka ngokomzwelo, noma ukuvivinya umzimba, nakho kungase kubangele ukuhlaselwa.

Odokotela bangase bakwazi ukuthola ezinye zezishukumisi zokuvimbela ezifweni ezibangela ukuhlasela kwesifo sesifuba somoya, kodwa akunakwenzeka njalo ukuba bazithole zonke. Futhi ngisho nalapho zitholakala, akukhona okungenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuba zigwenywe. Ukuhlola okujulile ukuze kutholwe izimbangela zesifo sesifuba somoya nendlela engcono kakhulu yokusilawula kungase kuthathe isikhathi eside. Kungase kuhilele ukubekezela okukhulu kwesimphethe nakudokotela. Kodwa isikhathi esinjalo esisetshenziswayo ngokunokwenzeka siyophumela ekukwazini ngokwengeziwe ukulawula izimpawu.

Izindlela Zokuvimbela Ukuhlaselwa

Izinto eziningi ziphazamisa amaphaphu futhi zingabangela ukuhlaselwa kumuntu ophethwe isifo sesifuba somoya. Zama ukugwema ukuthintana nalokhu okulandelayo.

Intuthu Kagwayi: Ungabhemi, futhi gwema amakamelo agcwele intuthu. Odokotela bayashesha ukuphelelwa uzwela ngalabo abaphethwe isifo sesifuba somoya abaphikelelayo babheme. Futhi abangane bothile ophethwe isifo sesifuba somoya akufanele babheme ekhona lowomuntu. Nakuba singase singamhlaseli ngokushesha, emahoreni athile kamuva angase abe sebunzimeni obukhulu ngenxa yemiphumela yentuthu.

Uthuli: Zama ukugwema izindawo ezinothuli, ezivalekile kanye nemisebenzi ebanga izintuli. Uma umsebenzi wakho ukwenza ukuba uthintane nothuli oluningi, kucabangele ngokungathi sína ukuwushintsha. Abanye abaphethwe isifo sesifuba somoya bathola ukuthi izimpawu zabo zenzeka kuphela ebusuku noma ekamelweni lokulala. Ingabe lokhu kungabangelwa yini uthuli olusendlini, noma lezozilongotshana zothuli ezisendlini? Ezikhathini eziningi yilo; ngakho-ke, ikamelo lokulala lophethwe isifo sesifuba somoya kufanele lingabi nalo ngangokunokwenzeka uthuli. Ngezansi kunokusikisela kokuhlanza indlu okuklanyelwe ngokukhethekile abaphethwe isifo sesifuba somoya.

Hlanza ikamelo lokulala nsuku zonke.

Isonto ngalinye, hlanzisisa umatilasi, okubekwa kukho umatilasi, izingubo zokulala, naphansi. Iphansi elenziwe ngokhuni oluqinile lingcono kunokhaphethi, namablind kunamakhethini.

Sula uthuli efenisheni, emakhothameni omnyango, emafasiteleni, onqenqemeni lwefasitela ngendwangu emanzi noma enowoyela.

Ikamelo kufanele livulwe kakhulu lishaywe umoya futhi iminyango namafasitela kuvalwe ngemva kokungena komoya, okungenani amahora amathathu kuya kwamane ngaphambi kokuba umuntu alale.

Umatilasi, izingubo zokulala, nemicamelo akufanele kube okwenziwe ngezinto ezibangela ukuhlasela kwalesifo, futhi kufanele njalo kubekwe elangeni uma kungenzeka.a

Okunye futhi. Ungavumeli izilwane zasekhaya zingene ekamelweni lokulala. Futhi uma kukhona noma yibuphi ubufakazi bokuthi isilwane sakho sasekhaya sikuvusela lesifo, sitholele elinye ikhaya—noma, okungenani usigcine njalo singaphandle kwendlu.

Izinga Lokushisa Nomswakama: Ukushintsha ngokushesha kwezinga lokushisa nokushisa nokubanda okukhulu kungase kubangele ukuhlaselwa. Ungcono umoya ofudumele kancane noswakeme. Ngakho-ke, uma uphethwe isifo sesifuba somoya, ungavami ukuphumela ngaphandle esimweni sezulu esinenkungu noma esinongqoqwane, esibandayo. Gwema imishini efudumeza indlu ngomoya oshisayo, owomile. Uma ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kubangela ukuhlasela kwesifo phakathi nobusuku, zama ukuba nembawula yesilungu elawulwa umshini olawula izinga lokushisa ekamelweni lakho phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika. Uma umswakama ukulethela izimpawu zalesifo, zama ukusebenzisa into yokulawula umswakama.

Ukucindezeleka Okungokomzwelo Nokukhathala: Noma yikuphi kwalokhu kungabangela ukuhlasela kwesifo sesifuba somoya. Yiqiniso, asinakukulawula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukucindezeleka okungokomzwelo. Kodwa abaningi abaphethwe isifo sesifuba somoya baye bathola ukuthi izimiso zeBhayibheli ziyabasiza kulesici. IBhayibheli liyasitshela: “Ukuphila komzimba kuyinhliziyo enokuthula.” (IzAga 14:30, The Jerusalem Bible) Futhi, abahlakaniphile abaphethwe isifo sesifuba somoya bazama ukuqaphela ukulinganiselwa kwabo ngokomzimba, begwema ukukhathala, nakho okungase kubangele ukuhlaselwa.

Ukudla: Ukungezwani nokudla okuthile kungase kube yizimbangela zokuhlasela kwesifo sesifuba somoya, ikakhulukazi kubantwana noma kubantu abadala abasifo sabo sesifuba somoya saqala ebuntwaneni. Ngisho nokudla okuvamile, okunjengobisi, amaqanda, nokusanhlamvu, kungase kusolwe. Kodwa kungase kubizele umsebenzi omningi wokuhlola ukuze kutholwe imbangela, ikakhulukazi uma kuyinto esetshenziswa kakhulu, njengoshukela. Yebo, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi kuhileleke ukudla okungaphezu kokukodwa. Iziguli ezingabantu abadala ziyokwenza kahle ukuba zicabangele uphuzo oludakayo, ikakhulukazi ubhiya newayini, njengokungenzeka kube yizinto ezenza ukuba isifo sibe sibi.

Ukuvivinya Umzimba: Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlasela kwesifo sesifuba somoya kubangelwa ukuzikhandla ngokweqile, ngokuvamile kugadla ngemva kokuba sekuqedwe ukuzivivinya. Uma lokhu kwenzeka kuwe, gwema ukuzivivinya, okunjengethenisi eshaywa odongeni, okuhilela ukusetshenziswa ngokushesha kwamandla bese uzama uhlobo lokuzivivinya olungasheshi, njengokubhukuda nokugibela ibhayisekili. Mhlawumbe kungase kusize ukusebenzisa ibronchodilator (umuthi onciphisa ukucinana emithanjeni yebronchus) ngaphambi kwanoma yimuphi umsebenzi onzima. Umelaphi wezifo ngokusebenzisa ukuzivivinya angase akwazi ukukusiza ngesimiso esiyokhulisa ukuphikelela kwakho ekuzivivinyeni. Lokhu kuyokwenza ukwazi ukuhlanganyela emisebenzini eyengeziwe ngaphandle kokuphelelwa umoya.

Isifo Esithathelwanayo: Ngokuvamile, izifo zokuphefumula ezincane ezithathelwanayo, njengomkhuhlane noma imfuluwenza, kuyobangela ukuhlasela kwesifo sesifuba somoya noma kwenze izimpawu zibe zimbi ngokwengeziwe. Imithi evamile yokukhululeka esifweni sesifuba somoya ayiphumeleli ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho kunesifo esithathelwanayo.

Ukubhekana Nempova (Pollen): Nakuba izinyanga zasebusika zibangela izinkinga eziningi kulabo abanesifo sokuphefumula, abaningi baphathwa yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi isifo sesifuba somoya senkathi yonyaka. Izilongoshane ezincane ezingabonwa ngesibona-khulu zempova endiza emoyeni wasehlobo zingabangela usizi nobuhlungu obukhulu kwabaphethwe isifo sesifuba somoya. Akunakwenzeka ukuba kususwe imithombo yalempova, kodwa izindlela zokucabanga zingase zisize. Ngokwesibonelo, zama ukugwema utshani obusanda kugundwa, kanye nezindawo zasehlane noma zasemaphandleni phakathi nezinkathi zempova, futhi sebenzisa isimiso sokungenisa umoya esisebenza kahle uma kungenzeka.

Ukubhekana Nezikhutha: Endaweni yethu kunezinkulungwane zezikhutha, noma amafungus. Izikhutha nezinhlamvu zamafungus (izilongoshane zokuzala) zimila emifinweni noma endleni yezilwane. Futhi ziningi kakhulu kukolweni, kuyi-oats, emmbileni, otshanini, nasemaqabungeni. Nakuba kuyinani elincane kuphela eliye laboniswa njengelibangela izinkinga kwabaphethwe isifo sesifuba somoya, ukuhlola eNew Zealand kwasikisela ukuthi izinhlamvu kungenzeka ziyisici esiyinhloko sokusabela kokungezwani nento ethile. Ngakho-ke, nakuba kungenakwenzeka ukususa izinhlamvu ezithuthwa umoya, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingase zisize:

Gwema amakamelo angaphansi nezakhiwo ezimanzi, ezinuka isikhutha.

Ungahhali noma ushise amaqabunga noma utshani obomile.

Bulala amagciwane kunoma yiziphi izinto ezinezikhutha noma uzishise.

Ungazigcini izitshalo endlini noma wenze indunduma yomquba engadini.

Hlanza izindawo ezisendlini ezinesikhutha.

Ingabe Umntwana Wakho Unesifo Sesifuba Somoya

Uma kunjalo, uyokudinga ukusekela kwakho. Wena, kanye nothisha bakhe, kuyodingeka niyiqonde inkinga yakhe futhi nimsize ukuba abhekane nayo. Lowomntwana akumelwe aphoqelelwe ukuba enze okungaphezu kwangakwenza, kodwa akufanele avunyelwe ukuba acashe ngesifo sakhe sesifuba somoya bese egwema ukwenza izinto ezingaba wusizo kuye.

Kutuswa ukuba imisebenzi yakhe engokomzimba ingabi eyokuncintisana, nakuba abantwana abaningi abanesifo sesifuba somoya bengase badlale imidlalo eminingi lapho bengenazo izimpawu. Nokho, umntwana onesifo sesifuba somoya esihlala njalo angase akwazi ukujabulela umsebenzi olinganiselwe kuphela, futhi abazali kufanele baqaphele ukuba bangamphoqeleli ukuba azame kanzima kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ngobuhlakani kungase kumsize ukuba ajabulele imisebenzi yasikhathi sonke enjengesifundo sokuzivivinya, futhi umqeqeshi kufanele azi isikhathi nendlela yokusebenzisa isifutho sebronchodilator.

Abantwana abambalwa isifo sesifuba somoya sibaphethe kabi kangangokuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi baphefumula kanzima futhi bathimule njalo. Abantwana abanjalo ngokuvamile bayakhathazeka futhi bacindezeleke, futhi abazali babo nothisha bakhathazeka kakhulu ngabo. Labobantwana baphutha njalo esikoleni futhi bangase bangakwazi ukuhlanganyela emidlalweni.

Umzali angase amvikele ngokweqile umntwana onjalo. Uma lowomntwana evela ekhaya lapho kunokucindezela nempikiswano ehlala njalo, angase antule ukusekelwa, uthando, ukuqondwa, nesikhuthazo akudinga kakhulu. Abazali ababa nombono onempilo, oqondile ngesifo sesifuba somoya bayasiza ekunciphiseni ukukhathazeka kumntwana, benciphisa ukuba namandla kwalesisifo.

Uma Othile Ehlaselwa . . .

Myise endaweni ethulile bese umqinisekisa. Angase ame noma ahlale agobe, ngokuvamile ukuma kungcono kakhulu phakathi nokuhlaselwa, futhi kufanele asebenzise ibronchodilator yakhe ngokushesha. Uma ibronchodilator yakhe ihogelwa, ingase isebenze ngokushesha futhi ngaleyondlela ibe ephumelela ngokwengeziwe kunomuthi ofakwa emlonyeni. Uma ukuhlaselwa kukubi kakhulu—ikakhulukazi uma isisulu singakwazi ukukhuluma kahle—kufanele ayiswe kudokotela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Konje, isiguli silahlekelwa amanzi amaningi phakathi nokuhlaselwa ngenxa yokuphefumula kanzima nangokuhefuzela. Ngakho-ke, sinikeze okuningi kokuphuza.

Ukwelashwa Kophethwe Isifo Sesifuba Somoya

Ukwelapha ngokuzivivinya kuwusizo olubalulekile ekusizeni ophethwe isifo sesifuba somoya, ikakhulukazi ekumboniseni indlela yokuphefumula kahle (esebenzisa uvalo) nendlela yokudambisa ukuphelelwa umoya. Umelaphi angamfundisa nokuphumula, ukuma ngendlela ekahle, nezivivinyo ezisiza ekulawuleni isifo sesifuba somoya. Ukwelapha kuyahlukahluka. Udokotela ngokuvamile ungofaneleka kangcono ukuba asikisele okungcono kakhulu endabeni yomuntu ngamunye.

Ukwelapha kuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwemilaliso enjengesodium cromolyn namasteroid, kanye nezinhlobo eziningana zamabronchodilator. Yebo, ekusetshenzisweni kwemilaliso, kungase kube neminye imiphumela engemihle. Udokotela angase akwazi ukutusa okunye ukwelapha.

Isifo sesifuba somoya siyinkimbinkimbi. Izihlobo nabangane kumelwe bakuqonde lokhu uma befuna ukuba wusizo. Gwema ukusho izinto ezinjengokuthi, ‘Mane ususe ingqondo yakho kukho’ noma, ‘Kimi ubonakala uphile saka.’ Abaphethwe isifo sesifuba somoya abafunda ukuqonda isifo sabo bangaduduzeka ngokwazi ukuthi ngisho nangaphambi kokuba isintu selashwe konke ukugula ezweni elisha likaNkulunkulu, bangazilungiselela kangcono ukuhlasela kwesifo sesifuba somoya, behlome kangcono ukuba bagweme izinto ezisibangelayo, futhi bakunciphise kakhulu ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, nobuhlungu babo. (Isaya 33:22, 24.—Inikelwe ophethwe isifo sesifuba somoya.

[Imibhalo yaphansi]

[Umdwebo/Isithombe ekhasini 17]

(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)

KUNGOKWEMVELO

Imisipha ekhululekile

IMucosa

Ukuhamba komoya ngokukhululekile

ISIFO SESIFUBA SOMOYA

Ukufinyela kwemisipha

Imucosa eshisayo

Ukuvaleka komoya

Isikhwehlela