Ingabe OPapa Abalenzi Iphutha?
‘IMFUNDISO engaphikiswa ukunqoba kobuKatolika iMfundiso yenkolo esekelwe ezizathwini okuxhomeke kuyo.’ IYingaleyondlela, iphephandaba lamaJesuit ngo-1870, iLa Civiltà Cattolica elananela ngayo isimemezelo esishubile semfundiso engaphikiswa yokungalenzi iphutha kopapa eMkhandlwini weVatican Wokuqala.
Ngolimi olungokwenkolo lobuKatolika, “imfundiso engaphikiswa” ibhekisela ezimfundisweni “ezinokubaluleka okushaya emhloleni futhi ezingathandabuzwa.” Incazelo engokomthetho yangempela yemfundiso yokungenziphutha kopapa, njengoba yavunyelwa umkhandlu ka-1870 iyaphawula:
“Kuyimfundiso engenakuphikiswa eyambulwe ngokwaphezulu ukuthi umbhishobhi wamaRoma, lapho ekhuluma e-ex cathedra, okungukuthi, lapho esebenza njengomalusi nomfundisi wawo wonke amaKristu, achaze ngenxa yegunya lakhe elikhulu lobuphostoli, imfundiso ephathelene nokholo noma indlela yokuziphatha okumelwe iqhutshwe isonto lomhlaba wonke, unokungenziphutha akuthola ngosizo lwaphezulu aluthenjiswa nguPetru obusisiwe, uMsindisi waphezulu athanda ngakho ukuba isonto lakhe likuphiwe ekuchazeni imfundiso ngokuphathelene nokholo noma indlela yokuziphatha; nokuthi ngaleyondlela zona ngokwazo, izincazelo zemfundiso enjalo yombhishobhi wamaRoma aziguquleki, hhayi ngenxa yemvume yesonto.”
Isimo Sokungehlulwa
Lenkambiso, okunzima ngabantu abaningi ukuyiqonda, futhi ayicacile, ngokwesazi sezenkolo esingumJalimane, uAugust Bernhard Hasler ongasekho. Wakhuluma “ngokungacaci” “nokungaqondakali” kwenkulumo iex cathedra, ethi “cishe umuntu ngeke neze asho ukuthi iziphi izinqumo okumelwe zicatshangelwe njengezingenaphutha.” Ngokwesinye isazi sezenkolo, uHeinrich Fries, lenkambiso “ayiqondakali,” kuyilapho uJoseph Ratzinger avuma ukuthi lendaba yayibangele “impikiswano eyinkimbinkimbi.”
UHasler wavuma ukuthi “ukungacaci kwemiqondo” kuvumela kokubili ukusetshenziswa kabanzi kwemfundiso engaphikiswa ukuze kwandiswe igunya likapapa futhi incazelo ibe elinganiselwe kakhulu ukuze kuthi lapho umuntu ebhekene nezimfundiso eziyiphutha zesikhathi esidlule, akusekele njalo ukuzisholo kokuthi lezi aziyona ingxenye yalokho okubizwa ngokuthi “igunya lokufundisa” okungenaphutha. Ngamanye amazwi, kuyisimo sokuthi lemfundiso ayinakwehlulwa.
Khona-ke, “ukungenziphutha,” kusho ukuthi upapa, ngisho nakuba ewenza amaphutha njengabo bonke abanye abantu, akaphambuki lapho echaza izindaba zokholo nendlela yokuziphatha e-ex cathedra, esebenza njengomalusi weSonto lamaRoma Katolika.
Nokho, yini amaKatolika ngokwawo ayicabangayo ngalemfundiso?
[Isithombe ekhasini 4]
UPapa Pius IX wanamathela emfundisweni yokungenziphutha ngo-1870
[Umthombo]
Culver Pictures