Umbono WeBhayibheli

Yini Ngempela Eshiwo UGenesise?

“IZAZI ZESAYENSI YENDALO YOKUZISHOLO” zithi ngokwencwadi yeBhayibheli kaGenesise, indawo yonke yadalwa uNkulunkulu esikhathini esingaphansi kweminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziyishumi edlule. Futhi bathi umhlaba nazo zonke izinhlobo zawo zokuphila kwadalwa ngezinsuku ezingokoqobo zamahora angama-24.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukucabanga kokuziphendukela kwemvelo kubheka uGenesise njengenganekwane. Kufundisa ukuthi indawo yonke nomhlaba, nazo zonke izinto eziphila kuwo, zingumkhiqizo wenhlanhla yenqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo eyaqhubeka izigidigidi zeminyaka.

Nokho, kunabaningi abangagculiswa yizo zombili lezimfundiso. Izingxenye zemfundiso yezazi zesayensi yendalo yokuzisholo zibonakala ziphikisa ingqondo ehluzekile kanti futhi zingqubuzana nobufakazi esingabubona ngokwethu kuyo yonke imvelo. Nokho, umbono wokuthi ukuphila okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokumangalisayo kangaka kumane kuwumkhiqizo wamandla acashile okuziphendukela kwemvelo ubonakala unzima ngabaningi ukuwamukela. Khona-ke, ingabe lemibono emibili iyona kuphela esingaphendukela kuyo?

Cha. Kukhona umbono wesithathu. Uyilokho incwadi yeBhayibheli uGenesise ekushoyo ngempela. Ake sicabangele lona owesithathu.

Incazelo kaGenesise

Amazwi okuqala kaGenesise ayasitshela: “Ekuqaleni uNkulunkulu wadala izulu nomhlaba.” (Genesise 1:1) Ingabe lamazwi kaGenesise athi lokhu kwenzeka eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziyishumi edlule? Cha, awanikezi sikhathi. Kungenzeka ukuthi elithi “ukuqala” lisho izigidigidi zeminyaka edlule.

Nokho, khona “ekuqaleni” impela, iBhayibheli libeka umuntu ohlakaniphile, uMdali, ekuqondiseni umsebenzi wokudala. Nakuba izazi zesayensi eziningi zingagculiswa yilombono, uyavumelana neziphetho zezazi zezinkanyezi zokuthi indawo yonke yaba naso isiqalo, esihlelwe kahle kakhulu, futhi esiqondiswa imithetho emisiwe. Ilungiselelo elihlelekile elisekelwe emthethweni lingavela kuphela engqondweni ehlakaniphile. Nakuba isayensi iye yasichazela eminingi yalemithetho, uGenesise kuphela osazisa uMniki-mthetho.

Khona-ke, ukulandisa okukuGenesise kuqhubeka kulandisa ‘ngezinsuku’ eziyisithupha ezaziwayo zendalo. Nokho, lezinsuku zazingesona isikhathi lapho ingxenye ebonakalayo yomhlaba nomkhathi kwadalwa khona. Lokho kwase kwenzekile kakade “ekuqaleni.” Kunalokho, izinsuku eziyisithupha zendalo zaziyizinkathi zesikhathi lapho umhlaba owadalwa ekuqaleni, owawungenakuhlaleka, wawenziwa kancane kancane ukuba ulungele ukuhlalwa.

Ingabe usuku ngalunye lwalezozinsuku eziyisithupha lwaluwusuku olungokoqobo lwamahora angama-24? Lokho akukhona okushiwo uGenesise. Igama elithi “usuku” ngolimi lwesiHeberu (ulimi uGenesise alotshwa ngalo) lingasho izinkathi ezinde zesikhathi, ngisho nezinkulungwane zeminyaka. (Qhathanisa neHubo 90:4; Genesise 2:4.) Ngokwesibonelo, “usuku lwesikhombisa” esiphila kulo manje luyizinkulungwane zeminyaka ubude. (Genesise 2:2, 3) Ngakho, ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi yonke inkathi yezinsuku eziyisithupha kufanele ibhekwe njengamashumi ezinkulungwane zeminyaka ubude.

“Ngezinhlobo Zazo”

Ukuhleleka kwezinkathi eziyisithupha zokudala kubonisa ukulandelana kwamanzi, umhlaba, ukukhanya, umkhathi, izitshalo, izinhlanzi, izinyoni, izilwane, futhi ekugcineni abantu. (Genesise 1: 3-27) Lokuhleleka kokwanda ngokuvamile kuyavumelana nokuhleleka okutholwe izazi zesayensi.

Kodwa amazwi aphawulekayo avela izikhathi eziphindiwe ekulandiseni okukuGenesise isahluko 1. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokuphathelene nosuku lwesihlanu lokudala, uGenesise 1:21 uyasitshela: “UNkulunkulu wadala imikhomo emikhulu nezilwane zonke eziphilayo ezihambayo, amanzi agcwala zona ngezinhlobo zazo.” Ngokuphathelene nosuku lwesithupha, ivesi lama-24 lifundeka kanje: “Umhlaba mawuveze izilwane eziphilayo ngezinhlobo zazo, izinkomo, nezilwanyana ezinwabuzelayo, nezilo zomhlaba ngezinhlobo zazo.”

Ngakho, kwakuyizinhlobo zezilwane ezadalwa, hhayi zonke izinhlobo ngayinye. Kodwa “izinhlobo” ezihlukahlukene zadalwa ngokwehlukana futhi azivelanga olunye kolunye. Phakathi kwalolo “nalolohlobo,” kungabakhona izinhlobonhlobo eziningi, njengoba sibona “uhlobo” lwekati noma “uhlobo” lwenja noma “uhlobo” lomuntu. Kodwa izici zofuzo ezifakwe lapho nguMdali ziyozigcina njalo “lezinhlobo” zehlukene olunye kolunye. Yingakho ikati nenja kungenakuhlangana futhi kuqalise olunye uhlobo lokuphila.

Yiqiniso, lokhu kuyayiphikisa imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Kodwa akuphikisi noma yimaphi amaqiniso aqaphelekayo. Nakuba izilwane ziveza izinhlobonhlobo eziningi ngaphakathi “kohlobo” lwazo, akukho namunye owake wanikeza ubufakazi obusobala bokuthi olunye “uhlobo” lwesilwane luye lwazala noma lwaphenduka “uhlobo” oluhlukile.

Kodwa kuthiwani ngokufana kokwakheka okukhona phakathi kwezinhlobo ezithile zezilwane? Lezi ziyaqondakala lapho sicabangela ukuthi zonke ziwumkhiqizo woMdali oyedwa nokuthi zaklanywa ngezinto ezifanayo zomhlaba ukuze ziphile ngaphansi kwesimo sendawo esifanayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uGenesise unikeza impendulo enkingeni izazi zesayensi ezingenakuyixazulula: Kwavelaphi ukuphila? Izazi zesayensi ziyazama ukuphendula lombuzo ngezimfundiso ezihlukahlukene, kodwa eqinisweni azinakukwazi. Futhi iqiniso elinzima eliye laqinisekiswa ngokuphindaphindiwe ezindaweni zokucwaninga zesayensi liwukuthi ukuphila kungeza kuphela kuvela kokunye ukuphila osekukhona kakade, futhi kuvela “ohlotsheni” olufanayo lokuphila.

Futhi uGenesise usitshela ukuthi ukuphila kudala kunendawo yonke nokuthi konke okunye ukuphila ezulwini nasemhlabeni kwavela eMthonjeni wokuqala wokuphila, uMdali umninimandla onke, othi igama lakhe linguJehova. Isayensi ayinakuyinikeza incazelo engcono, evumelana nawo wonke amaqiniso esayensi esingawaqaphela.—IHubo 36:9; 83:18; Isaya 42:8; IsAmbulo 4:11.

Isiqalo Somuntu

NgokukaGenesise, umsebenzi wokugcina wokudala emhlabeni kwakungumuntu ngokwakhe: “UJehova uNkulunkulu wambumba umuntu ngomhlabathi, waphefumulela emakhaleni akhe umoya wokuphila; umuntu wabakanjalo umphefumulo ophilayo.” (Genesise 2:7) Izazi zesayensi nazo zicabangela umuntu njengowafika kamuva uma eqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zokuphila.

Nokho, lombhalo uyayiphikisa inkolelo yezazi zesayensi yendalo yokuzisholo eziningi yokuthi umuntu unomphefumulo ongafi futhi ohlukile emzimbeni wakhe. Lomphefumulo kuthiwa uyawushiya umzimba ngemva kokufa. Nokho, uGenesise, kanye nezinye izingxenye eziningi zemiBhalo, ubonisa ukuthi umuntu akanawo umphefumulo njengento ethile engabonakali ehlala kuye. Kunalokho, ungumphefumulo. Ekufeni umuntu udlulela esimweni sokungabibikho, alindele uvuko. (UmShumayeli 9:5, 10; Johane 5:28, 29; IzEnzo 24:15; IsAmbulo 20:12, 13) IBhayibheli lifanisa ukufa nokulala lokho umuntu angavuswa kukho ngovuko.—Johane 11:11, 43, 44.

Amazwi akuGenesise 2:7 ayayiphikisa futhi imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwemvelo ngenye indlela. Abonisa ngokusobala ukuthi umuntu wadalwa ngokuqondile nguNkulunkulu nokuthi akavelanga ezilwaneni.

Ingabe amazwi akuGenesise ayakholeka? Phela, isayensi ayizange iveze noma ibuphi ubufakazi bokuthi umuntu wavela ezilwaneni. Abukho ubufakazi bokuthi imivubukulo efana nenkawu eyambiwa eAfrika nakwezinye izindawo ngandlela-thile yayingokhokho bomuntu. Ngempela, uma beziphila namuhla cishe beziyofakwa emazoo nezinye izidalwa ezinjengenkawu. Noma yimiphi eminye imivubukulo ehlobene ngokuseduze kakhulu nesimo samathambo nobungakho bomuntu cishe nje yayingolunye uhlobo lomkhaya wesintu.

Futhi, ukuhlobana komuntu ‘nomhlabathi,’ njengoba uGenesise ekubeka, akunakuphikwa. Wonke amakhemikhali akha umzimba womuntu atholakala ‘emhlabathini.’ Eqinisweni, umuntu uncike ‘kulomhlabathi’ ukuze aqhubeke ephila. Uyawusekela futhi awuvuselele umzimba wakhe ngokudla okwenziwe ngezakhi ezitholakala ‘emhlabathini,’ ezakhiwa ngezitshalo nangezilwane azidlayo.

Isidlova—Noma iNdodana kaNkulunkulu?

Enye incazelo yokudalwa komuntu itholakala kuGenesise 1:26: Lapho uNkulunkulu uthi: “Masenze abantu ngomfanekiso wethu, basifuze, babuse phezu kwezinhlanzi zolwandle, nezinyoni zezulu, nezinkomo, nomhlaba wonke, nezilwanyana zonke ezinwabuzelayo emhlabeni.” (Genesise 1:26) Njengoba iBhayibheli lisitshela ukuthi uNkulunkulu ungumoya, amazwi athi “ngomfanekiso wethu” kumelwe aqondwe njengasho onezimfanelo zikaNkulunkulu.

Lenkulumo ichaza, ngendlela ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okungasoze kwachaza ngayo, isizathu sokuba umuntu ehluke kangaka ezilwaneni. Umuntu kuphela ongaqondisa izilwane nohlaza olumzungezile. Umuntu kuphela onomqondo wokuhlukanisa okuhle nokubi kanye nonembeza. Umuntu kuphela onenkululeko yokukhetha enkulu nokuhlakanipha okuthuthukiswe kakhulu. Umuntu kuphela onekhono lokuqonda ubukhona bukaNkulunkulu nesiphiwo senkulumo angakhulumisana naYe ngayo. IJournal of Semitic Studies ithi: “Inkulumo yomuntu iyimfihlo; iyisiphiwo saphezulu.”

Izazi zokuziphendukela kwemvelo ziveza abantu bokuqala njengabanonya nabayizidlova. Akungabazeki, buningi ubudlova obenziwa amalungu okuqala athile ohlanga lwesintu. Kodwa umuntu wanamuhla naye uye waba nobudlova, njengoba izigidi eziyikhulu zababulewe ezimpini zalelikhulu zikufakazela. Kuze kube kulolusuku, uziphathisa okwesidlova! Nokho, iBhayibheli libonisa ukuthi amandla okuziphatha nawengqondo omuntu wokuqala ayengengaphansi kwalawo omuntu wanamuhla. (Qhathanisa noGenesise 4:20-22; 5:22; 6:9.) Lokhu akuwaphikisi amaqiniso aqaphelekayo. Thatha, ngokwesibonelo, imidwebo yalabo okuthiwa abantu bangaphambi kokulotshwa komlando etholakala ezindongeni zaseMgedeni waseLascaux eFrance. Ukuzwela nekhono lobuciko elaboniswa kuleyomidwebo liletha ukwazisa okukhulu ngisho nanamuhla.

Ukubaluleka Kwangempela KukaGenesise

Khona-ke, izahluko zokuqala zikaGenesise zinikeza umbono weziqalo zezinto. Nokho, uGenesise akayona incwadi yesayensi enemininingwane, futhi wayengahloselwanga lokho. Ukwaziswa akuqukethe kunenjongo ejulile.

Ngokwesibonelo, ubonisa ukuthi injabulo yomuntu yayixhomeke ekuqhubekeni kwakhe ebambisene nezinjongo zoMdali wakhe. Kodwa lapho umuntu enqaba ukuqaphela lesibopho futhi ehlubuka emalungiselelweni kaNkulunkulu, walahlekelwa yinjabulo yakhe yasekuqaleni futhi wawela ngokushesha esonweni nasekufeni nasebudloveni esisabubonayo namanje.—Genesise 3:1-18; Duteronomi 32:4, 5.

Ngakho-ke, izahluko zokuqala zikaGenesise zibonisa ukuthi ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlubuka komuntu, uNkulunkulu wathatha isinyathelo sokuqala senjongo yakhe eyayiyothatha isikhathi eside ukuba abuyisele isintu enjabulweni yaso yasekuqaleni. “Inzalo” yayizofika ukuze isuse imiphumela emibi yesono somuntu. (Genesise 3:15) Ukuthi leyoNzalo yayizoba ngubani yisihloko esivelele sengxenye enkulu yalo lonke iBhayibheli. Futhi ngemva kokubika ukuthi leyoNzalo ekugcineni yeza ingumuntu uMesiya, onguJesu, iBhayibheli liyaqhubeka lichaza indlela amalungiselelo uNkulunkulu aye wawenza, agxile kuJesu, ekugcineni ayeyoqeda ngayo inkambo yosizi isintu esiye sayithatha. Lichaza futhi indlela umhlaba wonke oyoguqulwa ngayo ube ipharadesi elihlalwa abantu abaphelele, ipharadesi lapho impi, ubudlova, ubugebengu, usizi, futhi ngisho nokugula nokufa kungasayikuphinde kukhathaze umkhaya wesintu.—IHubo 46:9; IsAmbulo 21:4, 5.

Yebo, uGenesise ungaphezulu kakhulu kokuba nje yindaba yendalo. Unikeza isisekelo ngawo wonke umlando wesintu—wesikhathi esidlule, samanje, nesizayo. Ingxenye enkulu yomlando, nokuphila ngokwakho, akunakuqondwa uma sisusa lezozinyathelo zokuqala ezibalulekile. Empeleni, sibeka ikusasa lethu engozini uma singakunaki lokho uGenesise akushoyo ngempela.—1 Johane 2:15-17.

[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 16]

Umlando kaGenesise wendalo awuwaphikisi amaqiniso aqaphelayo

[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 17]

Amaqiniso afakazela “kulandisa kukaGenesise kokuthi izinto eziphilayo zadalwa “ngezinhlobo zazo”

[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 19]

Ngaphandle kokulandisa kweBhayibheli, asinakukwazi ukuchaza umlando womuntu noma injongo yokuphila

[Isithombe ekhasini 18]

IBhayibheli libonisa ukuthi umhlaba wonke uyokwenziwa ipharadesi