Tinofanira Kuyeuka Zvakapfuura Here?

“VAJUDHA vanogona kukanganwa Kuparadza kwacho here?” Mubvunzo uyu wakamutswa naVirgil Elizondo, purezidhendi weMexican American Cultural Center muSan Antonio, Texas. Unotiyeuchidza kuti utsinye hwakaoneka muzana rino remakore hunogona kusiya chidhindo chisingadzimiki mundangariro dzemunhu wose. Kuparadzwa kwerudzi rwevaArmenia (1915-23) nekuurawa kwemapoka avanhu muCambodia (1975-79) kunofanira kubatanidzwawo muutsinye hwezana remakore rechi20. Kunyange zvakadaro, ndaza yacho haina kana kumbokwana.

Mukuedza kuumbiridza kuyanana pakati pevakatambudzwa nevatambudzi vavo, vatungamiriri vorudzidziso nevezvematongerwe enyika panhambo dzinoverengeka vakakurudzira vanhu kukanganwa utsinye hwakaitika. Izvi zvakaitika, somuenzaniso, muAthens, Greece, muna 403 B.C.E. Guta racho rakanga richangobva kuona kuguma kwekutonga kweudzvinyiriri kweThirty Tyrants, boka revashomanene raitonga rakanga rabvisa, kunyange kuuraya, vanenge vavengi varo vose. Magavhuna matsva akaedza kuparira kuwiriranazve kwevagari vemo kupfurikidza nokuisa mutemo wokuregerera (kubva mushoko rechiGiriki rinoreva “kukanganwa” kana kuti “hanganwa”) kuvaichimbotsigira vadzvinyiriri.

Kukanganwa Nemhaka Yemutemo Kunobvira Here?

Zvinogona kuti rerukei kuedza kudzima nemutemo ndangariro dzeutsinye hwakaitirwa vasina mhaka. Vatongi vanogona kusarudza kuita izvi kuti zvivanakire mune zvematongerwe enyika, sezvakaitika muGreece yekare uye munyika dzeEurope dzinoverengeka pakupera kweHondo Yenyika II. MuItaly, somuenzaniso, muna 1946 mutemo wakarayira kuregererwa kwevagari vemo vanokwana 200 000 “vaiva nemhaka yekutora rutivi muzvimiro zvakati, muzvinhu zvakaipa zvaiitwa nehurumende yechiFascist,” rakadaro pepanhau reLa Repubblica.

Zvisinei, zvisarudzo zvehurumende kana kuti masangano evanhu imwe nhau. Manzwire evanhu vamwe navamwe munzanga ndeimwewo nhau yakasiyana. Hazviiti kumanikidza vanhu vakasiyana-siyana vanogara munyika nemutemo—zvichida vanhu vaisagona kuzvidzivirira vakatambura nokurwisana kweutsinye, kuponda kwemapoka, kana kuti humwe umhuka—kuti vakanganwe kutambura kwemunguva yakapfuura.

Vanhu vanopfuura zana remamiriyoni vakafa muhondo dzezana rino remakore roga, vakawanda pashure pekutambura kusingataurike. Kudai taizosanganisa vose avo vakaurawa mukuurawa kwemapoka kwakaitika munguva dzorugare, utsinye hwacho hwaisazoverengeka. Vanhu vakawanda vanoita zvose zvavanogona kuti pasawanike nomumwe weava anokanganwika.

Avo Vanoda Kudzima Ndangariro Dzacho

Avo vanokurudzira vanhu vakaitirwa utsinye kana kuti vazukuru vavo kukanganwira ndokukanganwa vanowanzotaura kuti kuyeuka zvemunguva yakapfuura kunongoparira kupesana, zvikurukuru kana makumi emakore apfuura. Vanotaura kuti kukanganwa kunoparira kubatana, nepo kuyeuka hakugoni kudzorera zvinhu pazvakanga zviri, pasinei zvapo nekuti kutambura kwacho kwanga kwakakomba zvakadini.

Asi pakuedza kuita kuti vanhu vakanganwe, vamwe vakasvika pakuramba chokwadi chemhaka dzakaipisisa dzakaitirwa vanhu. Vachitsigirwa nevezvenhau vanoshandisa mutoo wavo voga, vamwe vanotaura, somuenzaniso, kuti hapana kumbobvira pava neKuparadza.a Vakatoronga kunoona yaimbova misasa yevasungwa yekuurayira, yakadai seAuschwitz kana kuti Treblinka, uye vakaudza vashanyi kuti makamuri ekuurayira vanhu negasi haana kumbobvira avapo panzvimbo idzodzo—pasinei zvapo nezvapupu zvisingaverengeki zvakaona uye matutu nematutu eufakazi nezvinhu zvakanyorwa.

Zvinomboita sei kuti pfungwa dzevezvenhau vanoshandisa mutoo wavo voga dzibudirire mune vamwe vanhu? Nokuti vamwe vanosarudza kukanganwa basa ravo pachavo nerevamwe vanhu vavo pachavo. Nei? Nemhaka yeurudzi, uzivi hwavo pachavo, kana kuti kuvenga vaJudha kana kuti dzimwe pfungwa dzakadaro. Utsinye hwangokanganwika chete, vezvenhau vanoshandisa mutoo wavo voga vanoti, hapana chichaitikawo. Asi vanhu vakawanda vanorwisana nevezvenhau ava vasina kuvimbika, vakadaidzwa nemumwe wezvenhau wechiFrench kuti “mhondi dzendangariro.”

Havakanganwi

Pasina mubvunzo zvakaomera vakapukunyuka kukanganwa vadiwa vavo vakafa muhondo kana kuti muutsinye. Zvisinei, vazhinjisa veavo vanoda kuyeuka kupondwa kwemapoka nekuparadzwa kwerudzi vanodaro nemhaka yokuti vanovimba kuti zvinodzidzwa kubva mukutambura kwavo pachavo nekutambura kwevadiwa vavo zvichabatsira kudzivisa kudzokororwa kupi nekupi kweumhuka hwakadaro.

Hurumende yeGermany nokudaro yakasarudza kuyeuka gore negore kuzivikanwa kwezvinotyisa zvakaitwa nevaNazi mumusasa wevasungwa muAuschwitz. Chinangwa chacho, maererano napurezidhendi weGermany, ndechekuti “kuyeuka kuchashanda senyevero kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera.”

Nenzira yakafanana, pamusi wegore negore wechi50 wokuyeuka kupera kweHondo Yenyika II, Papa John Paul II akatura kuti: “Sezvo makore anopfuura, ndangariro dzeHondo hadzifaniri kudzima; panzvimbo pezvo, dzinofanira kuva chidzidzo chine simba kuchizvarwa chedu nekuzvizvarwa zvichatevera.” Zvisinei, zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti Chechi yeKaturike haitauri zvinowirirana nguva dzose pakuyeuka utsinye hwacho nevanhu vakahuitirwa makore iwayo.

Kuitira kuti zvizvarwa zvinotevera zvidzidze nokunyeverwa kubva mukuparadzwa kwerudzi kwezana rino remakore nemamwe, mamuziyemu anoverengeka—akadai seHolocaust Memorial Museum iri muWashington, D.C., uye Beit Hashoah Museum of Tolerance muLos Angeles—akaitwa. Nekuda kwechikonzero chimwe chetecho, mabhaisikopo enhau dzakaitika nemamwe mafirimu anonzwisa tsitsi akaitwa. Zvose izvi kuedza kudzivisa vanhu kuti vasarasikirwe nendangariro yevanhu vanotambudzwa nevamwe vanhu.

Kuyeukirei?

“Avo vasingadi kuyeuka zvakapfuura vachazvidzokorora,” yakadaro nyanzvi yeAmerica yechiSpanish inonzi George Santayana. Nenzira inosuruvarisa, kwenhambo yemamireniyumu, vanhu vanokanganwa nokukurumidza nguva yavo yakapfuura, nokudaro vachizviita vanogona kuitazve zvikanganiso zvakaipisisa zvimwe chetezvo.

Nhevedzano refu uye youtsinye yekuurawa kwemapoka evanhu kwakaitwa nevanhu inoratidza kuti kudzora vamwe vanhu kwemunhu kwakundikana zvikuru. Nei izvi zvave zvakadaro? Nemhaka yokuti vanhu vanga vachidzokorora vadzokororazve chikanganiso chikuru chimwe chetecho—vakaramba Mwari nemitemo yake. (Genesi 3:1-6; Muparidzi 8:9) Uye nhasi, sekungoporofitwa kwazvakaitwa muBhaibheri, “chizvarwa chakakombama” chiri kuita zvakafanana uye chiri kukohwa migumisiro yacho.—VaFiripi 2:15; Mapisarema 92:7; 2 Timotio 3:1-5, 13.

Sezvo tabatanidza Musiki, Jehovha, mukurukurirano yedu, ndeupi uri murangariro wake? Anokanganwei, uye anoyeukei? Ko mhaka dzinorwadza dzoutsinye hwakaitwa nemunhu dzichakurirwa here? Ko “kuipa kwavakaipa” kuchaguma here?—Mapisarema 7:9.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Mashoko okukwezva vaverengi/Mifananidzo iri papeji 7]

“Avo vasingadi kuyeuka zvakapfuura vachazvidzokorora.”—George Santayana

Kamuri rekupisira vanhu nehovhoni zviri mumusasa wechibharo kuAuschwitz

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Oświęcim Museum