Kutsanya Ndokwechinyakare Here?

“NDAVE ndichitsanya Muvhuro uri wose chibviro cheapo ndakanga ndiri wechiduku,” anodaro Mrudulaben, mukadzi akabudirira ane makore 78 okukura wechiIndia. Urwu rwave rwuri rutivi rwokunamata kwake, nzira yokuva nechokwadi chokuti akanga ane roorano yakanaka uye vana vane utano, pamwe chete nedziviriro yomurume wake. Zvino zvaava chirikadzi, anopfuurira kutsanya paMivhuro nokuda kwoutano hwakanaka uye nokuda kwokubudirira kwavana vake. Kufanana naye, ruzhinji rwavakadzi vechiHindu rwunoita kutsanya kwenguva dzose rutivi rwoupenyu hwavo.

Prakash, muzvinabhizimisi wezera rapakati napakati anogara musabhabhu yeMumbai (Bombay), India, anotaura kuti anotsanya gore riri rose paMivhuro yaSawan (Shravan). Uyu mwedzi woukoshi chaihwo hworudzidziso pakarenda rechiHindu. Prakash anotsanangura, kuti: “Ndakatanga nokuda kwezvikonzero zvorudzidziso, asi zvino ndinowana sundwo yakawedzerwa yokupfuurira nokuda kwamadonzo outano. Sezvo Sawan ichiuya nechokumugumo kwenguva yemvura yakawanda, kunopa muviri wangu mukana wokuzvibvisira umene zvirwere chaizvo kumwaka wemvura.”

Vamwe vanorangarira kuti kutsanya kunobetsera munhu mumuviri, mundangariro, uye mumudzimu. Somuenzaniso, Grolier International Encyclopedia inoti: “Nzvero yemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi yesayenzi inokarakadza kuti kutsanya kungava kunobetsera kuutano uye, apo kunoitwa nenzira yokungwarira, kungaparira kuziva kukuru uye kuva nomufungo.” Kunotaurwa kuti muzivi wechiGiriki Plato aitsanya kwamazuva gumi kana kuti kupfuura uye kuti wezvemasvomhu Pythagoras aiita kuti vadzidzi vake vatsanye asati avadzidzisa.

Kuna vamwe, kutsanya kunoreva kurega kwakakwana zvokudya nemvura kwenhambo yakagadzwa yenguva, nepo vamwe vachinwa zvinonwiwa mukati mokutsanya kwavo. Kurega zvokudya zvakati kana kuti kurega rudzi rwakati rwezvokudya kunorangarirwa sokutsanya navakawanda. Asi kutsanya kwenhambo refu kusingatarisirwi kunogona kuva kune ngozi. Munyori wenhau Parul Sheth anotaura kuti pashure pokunge muviri washandisa mugove wawo wamacarbohydrate, unotevera kuchinja maprotein etsandanyama kuva glucose uye ipapo unotendeukira kumafuta omuviri. Kuchinja mafuta kuva glucose kunobudisa zvinhu zvine muchetura zvinonzi ketone bodies. Sezvo izvozvi zvakawanda, zvinoenda kupfungwa, zvichikuvadza central nervous system. “Apa ndipo apo kutsanya kunogona kuva kune ngozi,” anodaro Sheth. “Unogona kuvhiringidzika, kukangaidzika, uye zvakaipa zvikuru. . . . [Kunogona kuparira] kuva pacoma uye pakupedzisira rufu.”

Chishandiso Nomuitiro

Kutsanya kwave kuchishandiswa sechishandiso chine simba chenharidzano dzezvematongerwe enyika kana kuti dzenzanga. Mushandisi akatanhamara weichi chombo akanga ari Mohandas K. Gandhi muIndia. Achikudzwa zvikuru namazana amamiriyoni avanhu, akashandisa kutsanya kushandisa pesvedzero yakasimba pavanhuwo zvavo vechiHindu veIndia. Achirondedzera mugumisiro wokutsanya kwake kuti apedze gakava renzvimbo dzokugadzira zvinhu pakati pavashandi vezvivako zvine michina yokugadzira zvinhu navaridzi vezvivako zvine michina yokugadzira zvinhu, Gandhi akati: “Mugumisiro wokupedzisira wako wakanga uri wokuti mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka akatangwa navose. Mwoyo yavaridzi vezvivako zvine michina yokugadzira zvinhu yakanyandurwa . . . Kuramwa basa kwacho kwakaregwa pashure pokunge ndatsanya kwamazuva matatu bedzi.” Purezidhendi weSouth Africa, Nelson Mandela, akatora rutivi mukuramwa zvokudya kwamazuva mashanu mukati mamakore ake somusungwa wezvematongerwe enyika.

Ruzhinji rwaavo vakaita muitiro wokutsanya, kunyange zvakadaro, rwakaita kudaro nokuda kwezvikonzero zvorudzidziso. Kutsanya muitiro wakatanhamara muchiHindu. Pamazuva akati, rinodaro bhuku rinonzi Fast and Festivals of India, “kutsanya kwakakwana kunochengetwa . . . kunyange mvura haitongonwiwi. Vose vari vaviri varume navakadzi vanochengeta kutsanya chaiko . . . kuvimbisa mufarwa, budiriro nokukanganwirwa kwokudarika nezvivi.”

Kutsanya kunoitwa zvakapararira murudzidziso rweJain. The Sunday Times of India Review inoshuma, kuti: “Muni [muchenjeri] weJain muBombay [Mumbai] akanwa magirazi maviri chete emvura yakavidzwa pazuva—kwamazuva 201. Akarasikirwa ne33 kg [73 lb].” Vamwe vanototsanya kusvika kupfundo rokuzviziyisa vamene nenzara kusvikira vafa, vachipwiswa kuti ikoku kuchaunza ruponeso.

Nokuda kwavanhu vakuru vose zvavo vanoshandisa chiIslam, kutsanya kunosungirwa mukati momwedzi waRamadan. Hapana zvokudya kana kuti mvura inganwiwa kubva pakubuda kwezuva kusvikira pakuvira kwezuva kwomwedzi wose. Munhu upi noupi anorwara kana kuti ari parwendo mukati menguva iyi anofanira kutsiva mazuva okutsanya. Mutsanyo, nhambo yamazuva 40 inotangira Isita, inguva yokutsanya nokuda kwavamwe vari muchiKristudhomu, uye nzanga dzakawanda dzorudzidziso dzinochengeta kutsanya pane mamwe mazuva akarongwa.

Kutsanya zvirokwazvo hakuna kupera. Uye sezvo kuri rutivi rwamarudzidziso akawanda kwazvo, tingabvunza kuti, Kutsanya kunodikanwa naMwari here? Pane nhambo apo vaKristu vangasarudza kutsanya here? Ikoku kunogona kuva kunobetsera here? Nyaya inotevera ichakurukura iyi mibvunzo.

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 3]

Rudzidziso rweJain rwunorangarira kutsanya senzira yokuwana nayo ruponeso rwomweya

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 4]

Mohandas K. Gandhi akashandisa kutsanya sechishandiso chine simba chenharidzano dzezvematongerwe enyika kana kuti dzenzanga

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 4]

MuchiIslam, kutsanya kunosungirwa mukati momwedzi waRamadan

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Garo Nalbandian