Mibvunzo Inobva Kuvaravi

Pana 1 Petro 2:9, “King James Version” inodana vaKristu vakazodzwa kuti “chizvarwa chakasarudzwa.” Ikoku kunofanira kutapura here murangariro wedu wekushandisa kwaJesu “chizvarwa” kwakanyorwa pana Mateo 24:34, NW?

Shoko rokuti “chizvarwa” rinooneka mukushandurwa kwezvikamu zvamashoko zvose zviri zviviri mushanduro dzakati. Maererano neKing James Version, muapostora Petro akanyora, kuti: “Asi imi muri chizvarwa chakasarudzwa, uprista hwoumambo, rudzi rutsvene, vanhu vakatsaurwa; kuti munofanira kuratidza rumbidzo yeuyo akakudanai kubva murima kupinda muchiedza chake chinoshamisa.” Uye Jesu akafanotaura, kuti: “Zvirokwazvo ndinoti kwamuri, Chizvarwa ichi hachisati chichizopfuura, kusvikira zvinhu izvi zvose zvazadzikwa.”—1 Petro 2:9; Mateo 24:34, NW.

Muchikamu chamashoko chokutanga, muapostora Petro akashandisa shoko rechiGiriki rokuti geʹnos, nepo mumashoko okutaura kwaJesu, tinowana ge·ne·aʹ. Aya mashoko maviri echiGiriki angaratidzika kuva akafanana, uye akabatanidzwa namavambo mamwe chetewo; bva, mashoko akasiyana, uye ane revo dzakasiyana. New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures—With References inoti mumashoko omuzasi kuna 1 Petro 2:9: “‘Rudzi.’ Gr., geʹnos; rakasiyana nege·ne·aʹ, ‘chizvarwa,’ somuna Mt 24:34.” Mashoko omuzasi anowirirana naiwawa anowanwa kuna Mateo 24:34.

Sezvinoratidzira mashoko omuzasi iwayo, geʹnos rinoshandurwa zvakarurama neshoko reShona rokuti “rudzi,” sezvinowanzowanwa mushanduro dzechiNgezi. Pana 1 Petro 2:9, Petro akashandisira uporofita hunowanwa pana Isaya 61:6 kuvaKristu vakazodzwa vane tariro yokudenga. Ivava vanotorwa mumarudzi akawanda namadzinza, asi mamiriro ezvinhu akare omuzvarirwo haachina revo sezvaanova rutivi rworudzi rwaIsraeri womudzimu. (VaRoma 10:12; VaGaratia 3:28, 29; 6:16; Zvakazarurwa 5:9, 10) Petro akavazivisa savanova, mupfungwa yomudzimu, boka rakasiyana—“rudzi rwakasanangurwa, uprista hwamambo, rudzi rutsvene, vanhu vaakazviwanira.”

Asi murugwaro rwechiGiriki rwamashoko aJesu anowanwa pana Mateo 24:34, tinowana shoko rokuti ge·ne·aʹ. Kunozivikanwa zvikuru kuti Jesu akanga ari kunongedzera, kwete ku“rudzi” rupi norupi rwavanhu, asi kuvanhu vairarama panhambo yakati yenguva.

Anenge makore zana apfuura, Charles T. Russell, purezidhendi wokutanga weWatch Tower Society, akajekesa ikoku, achinyora, kuti: “Kunyange zvazvo mashoko okuti ‘chizvarwa’ uye ‘rudzi’ angataurwa kuva anobva kumanyuko mamwe chetewo kana kuti nzvimbo yokutangira, bva haasi mamwe chetewo; uye mukushandiswa kwapaMagwaro mashoko maviri acho akasiyana zvikuru. . . . Muzvinyorwa zvitatu zvakasiyana zveuhwu uporofita Ishe wedu anonzi akavamba kushandisa shoko rakasiyana chose chose rechiGiriki (genea) iro risingarevi kuti rudzi, asi rine revo imwe cheteyo neshoko redu reShona rokuti chizvarwa. Kumwe kushandiswa kweshoko iri rechiGiriki (genea) kunobvumikisa kuti harishandiswi nerevo yorudzi, asi mukunongedzera kuvanhu vanorarama panguva imwe cheteyo.”—The Day of Vengeance, mapeji 602-3.

Nguva pfupi zvikuru yapfuura, A Handbook on the Gospel of Matthew (1988), rakagadzirirwa vashanduri veBhaibheri, rakati: “[The New International Version] inoshandura chizvarwa ichi chaizvoizvo asi inotevera namashoko omuzasi okuti, ‘Kana kuti rudzi.’ Uye imwe nyanzvi yeTestamente Itsva inodavira kuti ‘Mateo anoreva chisati chete chiri chizvarwa chokutanga pashure paJesu asi zvizvarwa zvose zvechiJudha izvo zvinomuramba.’ Zvisinei, hapana ufakazi hune chokuita nounyanzvi hwemitauro hwokusimbisa imwe neimwe yeidzi mhedziso, uye dzinofanira kufuratirwa sokuedza kudzivisa revo iri chose chose pachena. Muchimiro chayo chapakuvamba nongedzero yacho yakanga iri kuna vakararama panguva imwe cheteyo vaJesu amene.”

Sezvakurukurwa pamapeji 10 kusvikira ku15, Jesu akashurikidza chizvarwa chavaJudha chenguva yake, vararami panguva imwe cheteyo naye vake avo vakamuramba. (Ruka 9:41; 11:32; 17:25) Aiwanzoshandisa zvipauro zvakadai sokuti “chakaipa nechoupombwe,” “chisingatendi nechakamonyana,” uye “choupombwe nechinotadza” mukurondedzera chizvarwa ichocho. (Mateo 12:39; 17:17; Marko 8:38, NW) Apo Jesu akashandisa “chizvarwa” kwenguva yokupedzisira, akanga ari paGomo reMiorivhi navaapostora vana. (Marko 13:3) Varume ivavo, avo vakanga vachigere kuzodzwa nomudzimu kana kuti kuva rutivi rweungano yechiKristu, zvirokwazvo havana kuumba “chizvarwa” kana kuti zvimwe rudzi rwavanhu. Vakanga vari, kunyange zvazvo zvakadaro, vakarovedzana zvikuru nokushandisa kwaJesu shoko rokuti “chizvarwa” mukunongedzera kuvararami panguva imwe cheteyo naye vake. Naizvozvo vaizonzwisisa nenzira ine mufungo zvaairangarira apo akadudza “chizvarwa ichi” kwenguva yekupedzisira.a Muapostora Petro, uyo akanga aripo, pashure pezvo akakurudzira vaJudha, kuti: “Poneswai pachizvarwa ichi chakakombama.”—Mabasa 2:40, NW.

Kazhinji kazhinji takabudisa ufakazi hwokuti zvinhu zvizhinji izvo Jesu akafanotaura muhurukuro imwe cheteyi (zvakadai sehondo, kudengenyeka kwapasi, uye nzara) zvakazadzikwa pakati pokutaura kwake uporofita hwacho neruparadziko rweJerusarema muna 70 C.E. Zvizhinji zvakazadzikwa, asi kwete zvose. Hapana ufakazi, somuenzaniso, hwokuti pashure pokunge vaRoma vadenha Jerusarema (66-70 C.E.) “chiratidzo choMwanakomana womunhu” chakaoneka, chichiparira “marudzi ose enyika” kuzvirova amene. (Mateo 24:30) Nokudaro, kuzadzikwa ikoko pakati pa33 C.E. na70 C.E. kunofanira kuva kwaivawo zvakwo kwokutanga, kwete kuzadzika kukuru kana kuti kwomwero mukuru uko Jesu akanga achinongedzerawo kwakuri.

Musumo kushanduro yake yebhuku raJosephus rinonzi The Jewish War, G. A. Williamson anonyora, kuti: “Vadzidzi, Mateo anotiudza kudaro, vakanga vabvunza [Jesu] mubvunzo une mativi maviri—pamusoro pokuparadzwa kweTembere uye pamusoro pokuuya Kwake amene kwokupedzisira—uye Akavapa mhinduro ine mativi maviri, rutivi rwayo rwokutanga rwakafanotaura zvakajeka zvikurusa zviitiko zvakatemerwa kurondedzerwa zvizere kwazvo naJosephus.”

Hungu, mukuzadzika kwokutanga, “chizvarwa ichi” sezviri pachena chakareva zvimwe chetezvo sezvachakaita pane dzimwe nguva—chizvarwa chapanguva imwe cheteyo chavaJudha vasingatendi. “Chizvarwa” ichocho chaisazopfuura chisina kuwana izvo Jesu akafanotaura. Sokutsinhira kwakaita Williamson, ihwohwu hwakabvumikisa kuva hwechokwadi mumakumi amakore akatungamirira kukuparadzwa kweJerusarema, seizvo wezvenhau ari chapupu chakaona, Josephus, akarondedzera.

Mukuzadzika kwechipiri kana kuti kukuru zvikuru, “chizvarwa ichi” chaizovawo nenzira ine mufungo vanhu vanorarama panguva imwe cheteyo. Sezvinosimbisa nyaya inovambira papeji 16, hatifaniri kugumisa kuti Jesu akanga achinongedzera kunhamba yakasarudzwa yamakore inoumba “chizvarwa.”

Mukupesana, zvinhu zviviri zvikuru zvinogona kutaurwa nezvenguva ipi neipi inorehwa ne“chizvarwa.” (1) Chizvarwa chavanhu hachigoni kurangarirwa senhambo ine nhamba yamakore yakasarudzwa, sezvazvakaita nokusarudzwa kwenguva kuchireva nhamba yamakore yakasarudzwa (makore gumi kana kuti zana). (2) Vanhu vechizvarwa vanorarama kwenhambo pfupi zvikuru, kwete yourefu hukuru.

Somugumisiro, apo vaapostora vakanzwa Jesu achinongedzera ku“chizvarwa ichi,” vaizofungei? Nepo isu, nebetsero yenzwisiso yezvakazoitika, tinoziva kuti ruparadziko rweJerusarema mu“dambudziko guru” rwakauya makore 37 gare gare, vaapostora vainzwa Jesu vaisagona kukuziva. Panzvimbo pezvo, kududza kwake “chizvarwa” kwaizova kwakareva kwavari, kwete pfungwa yenhambo refu zvikuru, asi vanhu vairarama mukati menhambo yakaganhurirwa zvikuru yenguva. Zvimwe chetezvo ndezvechokwadi kwatiri. Mashoko aJesu anotevera, akakodzera sei, ipapo, okuti: “Asi kana riri zuva iro nenguva iyo, hakuna unozviziva, kunyange vatumwa vokudenga, kunyange Mwanakomana, asi Baba voga. . . . Naizvozvo nemiwo, garai makazvigadzira; nokuti Mwanakomana womunhu uchauya nenguva yomusingamutariri.”—Mateo 24:36, 44.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]