MaKristu Apakuvamba Aishandisa Zita raMwari Here?

ZITA raMwari rinooneka kane zviuru muMagwaro echiHebheru, umo rinomirirwa namakonzonendi mana יהוה (YHWH, Tetragrammaton). Zviwanwa zvokuchera matongo zvinokarakadza kuti muna Israeri wapamberi poutapwa, pamberi pa 607 P.N.V., zita racho raiwanzoshandiswa, uye mumabhuku eBhaibheri apashure poutapwa aEzra, Nehemia, Dhanieri, uye Maraki, rinooneka kazhinji kazhinji. Zvishoma nezvishoma, kunyanguvezvo, sezvo nguva yokuoneka kwaMesia yakaswedera pedyo zvikuru, vaJudha vakava vasingadi nenzira yokutenda mashura kushandisa zita racho.

Vadzidzi vaJesu vaishandisa zita raMwari (rinowanzoshandurwa “Jehovha,” kana kuti “Yave” muShona) here? Ufakazi hunotaura kuti hungu. Jesu akadzidzisa vateveri vake kunyengetera kuna Mwari, kuti: “Zita renyu ngarikudzwe noutsvene.” (Mateo 6:9) Uye pamugumo woushumiri hwake hwapasi, iye amene akanyengetera kuna Baba vake vokudenga, kuti: “Ndakaratidza vanhu, vamakandipa panyika, zita renyu.” (Johane 17:6) Kunze kwezvo, makopi apakuvamba eSeptuagint, shanduro yechiGiriki yaMagwaro echiHebheru yaishandiswa navadzidzi vaJesu, aiva nezita raMwari muchimiro cheTetragrammaton yechiHebheru.

Zvakadiniko neEvhangeri neasara ose aMagwaro echiKristu echiGiriki (“Testamente Itsva”)? Kwakarangarirwa kuti sezvo zita raMwari raioneka muSeptuagint, ringadai rakaonekawo mumakopi apakuvamba zvikurusa aaya Magwaro—toti hedu apo Septuagint yakanokorwa mashoko. Nokudaro, zita rokuti Jehovha rinooneka kanopfuura ka 200 muNew World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures. Vamwe vakatsoropodza ikoku sokusina kururama. Zvisinei, kunoratidzika kuva kune tsigiro yeNew World Translation mumanyuko asingabviri: Talmud yeBhabhironi.

Rutivi rwokutanga rweiri bhuku rorudzidziso rechiJudha rune musoro unoti Shabbath (Sabbath) uye rune mitemo yakawanda inodzora mufambiro paSabata. Muchikamu chimwe, mune kurukurirano pamusoro pokuti kwakafanira here kubvisa manyoro eBhaibheri mumwoto paSabata, uye ipapo chikamu chamashoko chinotevera chinooneka, chinoti: “Kwakataurwa murugwaro, kuti: Nzvimbo dzisina kunyorwa chinhu [gil·yoh·nimʹ] naMabhuku eMinim, tingasazvibvisa mumwoto. R. Jose akati: Pamazuva evhiki munhu anofanira kucheka Mazita ouMwari aanawo, kuavanza, uye kupisa asara ose. R. Tarfon akati: Ndingaviga mwanakomana wangu kana ndikasaapisa pamwe chete naMazita awo ouMwari kana akava angu.”—Shanduro yakaitwa naDr. H. Freedman.

Ndivanaani vakanga vari vami·nimʹ? Shoko racho rinoreva “vesekete” uye ringagona kunongedzera kuvaSadhuse kana kuti vaSamaria. Asi mukuwirirana naDr. Freedman, muichi chikamu chamashoko sezvingabvira zvikurusa rinonongedzera kumaKristu echiJudha. Naizvozvo, chii chakanga chiri gil·yoh·nimʹ, inoshandurwa kuti “nzvimbo dzisina kunyorwa chinhu” mukuwirirana naDr. Freedman? Kune revo mbiri dzinobvira. Ingagona kuva micheto isina kunyorwa chinhu yomupumburu kana kuti kunyange mipumburu isina kunyorwa chinhu. Kana kuti—mukushandiswa kunosetsa kweshoko racho—aigona kuva manyoro emi·nimʹ, sokunge kutaura kuti aya manyoro haakoshi semipumburu isina kunyorwa chinhu. Mumaduramashoko iyi revo yechipiri inopiwa se“Evhangeri.” Mutsinhirano naikoku, mutsetse wamashoko unooneka muTalmud pamberi pechikamu chakanokorwa mashoko chiri pamusoro apa unorava, kuti: “Mabhuku eMinim akafanana nenzvimbo dzisina kunyorwa chinhu [gil·yoh·nimʹ].”

Naizvozvo, mubhuku rinonzi Who Was a Jew? rakanyorwa naLawrence H. Schiffman, chikamu chanokorwa mashoko chiri pamusoro apa cheTalmud chinoshandurwa sezvinotevera, kuti: “Hatibvisi mumwoto (paSabata) Evhangeri namabhuku eminim (‘vadzidzisi vedzidziso dzenhema’). Panzvimbo pezvo, anopiswa munzvimbo mawo, iwo neTetragrammata yawo. Rabbi Yose Ha-Gelili anoti: Mukati mevhiki, munhu anofanira kucheka Tetragrammata yawo ndokuavanza ndokupisa zvasara. Rabbi Tarfon akati: Ndingaviga vanakomana vangu! Kana (aya mabhuku) akava angu, ndingapisa pamwe chete neTetragrammata yawo.” Dr. Schiffman anopfuurira kutaura kuti mi·nimʹ pano maKristu echiJudha.

Ichi chikamu cheTalmud chiri kutaura chaizvoizvo pamusoro pamaKristu apakuvamba echiJudha here? Kana zvakadaro, ipapo hufakazi hwakasimba hwokuti maKristu akabatanidza zita raMwari, Tetragrammaton, muEvhangeri dzawo namanyoro. Uye kungabvira zvikurusa kuti Talmud iri kukurukura maKristu echiJudha pano. Kune tsigiro younyanzvi yomurangariro wakadaro, uye muTalmud mashoko akapoteredza anoratidzika kuva anowedzera imwe tsigiro. Chikamu chinotevera kunokorwa mashoko kuri pamusoro apa muShabbath chinorondedzera nhau inobatanidza Gamarieri nomutongi wechiKristu umo mativi eMharidzo yapaGomo anonongedzerwa kwaari.

Pakanga pari pashure bedzi, apo chiKristu chakawa pakutenda chakabva padzidziso dzakapfava dzaJesu, apo zita raMwari rakarega kushandiswa namaKristu okuedzesera uye rakatobviswa mumakopi eSeptuagint nomuEvhangeri namamwe mabhuku eBhaibheri.

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 31]

Muzuva raJesu, zita raMwari raioneka mu“Septuagint”

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Israel Antiquities Authority