Kuparidzira Netsungiriro Munyika Yeaizi Nomwoto
ICELAND iri muNorth Atlantic panenge pakati peNorth America neEurope. Kunyange zvazvo iri pazasi chaipo peArctic Circle, mugariro wayo wokunze une mwero zvikuru kupfuura zvingakarirwa, nemhaka yemiuyo inodziisa yeGulf Stream. Iceland yakanzi nyika yeaizi nomwoto nemhaka yokuti ine rwizi rukurusa rweaizi rweEurope uyewo ndiimwe yenharaunda dzinopisa zvikurusa dzamakomo anopfumbuka mwoto noutsi munyika. Anosanozivikanwa matsime ayo akawanda anopisa namasolfatara, nharaunda dzine makomo anopfumbuka mwoto noutsi idzo dzinobudisa mweya unopisa noutsi hwesuferi.
Vagari vemo vane 260 000 veichi chitsuwa chikurusa chechipiri cheEurope vazukuru vavaViking, avo vakagara muno anopfuura makore 1 100 apfuura. ChiIceland zvikurukuru ndichimwe chetecho neOld Norse, mutauro weScandinavia wezera ravaViking. Chakaramba chichidokuva chisingachinjwi nemhaka yokuti vagari veIceland vaida kurava nhau dzavo dzekare, idzo dzakanyorwa zvikurukuru muzana ramakore rechi 13.
Pakasvika zana ramakore rechi 16, Bhaibheri rakavamba kushandurirwa muchiIceland. “Testamente Itsva” yakaoneka muna 1540 uye Bhaibheri rakakwana pakasvika 1584. Inopfuura 90 muzana yavanhu ndeyeEvangelical Lutheran Church, rudzidziso rweHurumende. Kunyange zvazvo Bhaibheri richiwanwa muunodokuva musha uri wose, vashomanene vanodavira kuti iShoko raMwari. Vagari vazhinjisa veIceland vane mirangariro yakasununguka pamusoro porudzidziso uye, kazhinji kazhinji, vafungi vakazvimirira.
Mashoko Akanaka Anosvika Iceland
Vagari vokutanga veIceland kunzwa mashoko akanaka oUmambo panguva iyeyo vakanga vachigara muCanada. Mumwe wavo akanga ari Georg Fjölnir Lindal. Vabereki vake vaibva Iceland, uye aitaura chiIceland. Nokukurumidza pashure pokutsaurira upenyu hwake kuna Jehovha Mwari, akava muparidziri wenguva yakazara wamashoko akanaka. Muna 1929, apo akanga ava namakore 40 okukura, akaendesa mashoko akanaka kuvanhu vomunyika iyoyo yeaizi nomwoto.
Ibasa guru zvakadini nokuda kwomunhu mumwe! Iceland inenge makiromita 320 kubva kuchamhembe kuenda kumaodzanyemba uye makiromita 500 kubva kumabvazuva kuenda kumadokero. Mhenderekedzo yegungwa, kubatanidza mafjord nemvura inopinda munyika, yakareba anenge makiromita 6 400. Panguva iyoyo, kwakanga kusina migwagwa chaiyoiyo uye kuchinodokuva kusina motokari kana kuti dzimwe nzira dzipi nedzipi dzazvino uno dzokufamba. Bva, Hama Lindal akafukidza chitsuwa chacho chose mukati mamakore gumi ndokuparadzira zviuru zvamabhuku. Iye akafamba nomumhenderekedzo yegungwa vari mumagwa, uye apo akashanyira mapurazi aiva munyika, aishandisa mabhiza maviri, rimwe rokumutakura uye rimwe racho rokutakura mabhuku ake nezvinhu zvake.
Kwaanodokusvika makore 18, Hama Lindal akanga ari Chapupu bedzi muIceland. Pasinei zvapo nebasa rake rakaoma, haana kuona munhu upi noupi achitsigira Umambo mukati menguva iyoyo. Kugara kwake kwenguva refu, ari oga kwakaguma pana March 25, 1947, apo vakapedza kufunda vokutanga veWatchtower Bible School of Gilead vakasvika. Unogona kufungidzira mufaro wake apo Jehovha pakupedzisira akapindura minyengetero yake nokuda kwavashandi vakawanda vokukohwa. (Mateo 9:37, 38) Hama Lindal akapfuuridzira basa rake muIceland kutozosvikira adzokera kuCanada muna 1953.
Vashandi Vakawanda Vokucheka
Vafundisi vakauya muna 1947 vakanga vari hama mbiri dzeDenmark. Vafundisi vakawanda vakasvika makore maviri gare gare. Sezvo vakapfuuridzira basa rokuparidzira pamwe chete neshamwari shomanene dzakanga dzatamira kuIceland, zviuru zvezvinyorwa zvakaparadzirwa. Vagari veIceland vazhinjisa varavi vanodisa, asi havasati vari vazhinji vakagamuchira mashoko akanaka. Pashure pamakore 27 okusima nokudiridza, hama dzinoshivirira dzakavamba kuona zvibereko zvomushando wavo. Muna 1956 vatsva vanomwe vakatsigira Umambo ndokutsaurira upenyu hwavo kuna Jehovha.
Mukati mamakore gumi okupedzisira, chiverengero chavaparidzi voUmambo chakapetwa kanopfuura kaviri. Zvino, mune ungano nomwe neboka rimwe riri roga, hwerengedzo yavazivisi 280 vamashoko akanaka. Ngatifambei muchitsuwa chacho kuti tishanyire idzi ungano.
Mudzimbahwe
Hama nehanzvadzi dzakatsungirira makore iwayo ose dzakakomborerwa zvikuru. Zvino mune ungano mbiri dzinobudirira muReykjavík, dzimbahwe. Idzo dzinosangana muHoro yoUmambo yakaisvonaka iri muchivako chimwe chetecho nehofisi yebazu, yakatsaurirwa muna 1975.
Friðrik naAda vakanga vari pakati pavanomwe vakabhapatidzwa shure muna 1956. “Ndinoyeuka kuti taisiva nemisangano mukamuri duku pauriri hwapamusoro umo vafundisi vaigara,” anodaro Friðrik. “Maiva nenzvimbo yezvigaro 12, asi pane dzimwe nguva, apo chiverengero chinopfuura chenguva dzose chaiuya, taizarura suo rokukamuri duku rinotevera. Musiano wakadini nhasi apo ungano mbiri dzinozadza Horo yoUmambo!”
Friðrik aitarisira Bato Rezvokudya apo magungano okutanga aiitwa. “Ndaiita zhinjisa rebasa racho ndimene, uye panguva imwe cheteyo, kwakanga kusati kuri kwechienzi kuti ndive namativi matatu kana kuti mana papurogiramu zuva rimwe nerimwe. Ndichishanda mukicheni, ndaipfeka epuroni. Apo yakanga yava nguva yokukurukura hurukuro, ndaipfeka bhachi rangu ndokumhanyira muhoro. Kanoverengeka hama dzaifanira kundiyeuchidza kubvisa epuroni. Zvino tine vanovambira pa 400 kusvikira ku 500 vanopinda magungano, kubatanidza vakuru vakaisvonaka vanogoverana mukutarisira mativi papurogiramu. Kunewo maoko akawanda anodisa anobetsera muBato Rezvokudya.”
Ungano iri pedyosa neReykjavík iKeflavík, anenge makiromita 50 kumadokero. Kufamba nemotokari kunotipfuudza nomuminda yamabota anobva mumakomo anopfumbuka. Gumi muzana yeIceland yakafukidzwa namabota anobva mumakomo anopfumbuka. Miti yokutanga kuoneka muiyi minda yakaumbwa nemilichen namamoss, asi muminda yekare yamabota anobva mumakomo anopfumbuka, uchawana mabheri omusango namakwenzi mapfupi.
Ungano iri muKeflavík ine vaparidzi 19 uye yakaumbwa muna 1965. Pedyo pane panomhara ndege dzamarudzi ose, uye nzvimbo yokuchengetera zvinhu yamauto eU.S. iri panowo. Kunyange zvazvo Zvapupu zvisina kutongokwanisa kushanda paimba neimba panzvimbo yokuchengetera zvinhu yacho imene, fundo dzeBhaibheri dzakawanda dzakaitiswa imomo, uye vanhu vakati vakadzidza zvokwadi.
Imwe ungano iri muSelfoss, makiromita 55 kumabvazuva kweReykjavík. Muno tinoona nyika yakasvibira yokurima ine mombe namakwai, kubatanidza nzvimbo hurusa yeIceland yokuchengetera mombe dzomukaka. Munzira, tinopfuura napaHveragerði, taundi duku mumupata wakaisvonaka. Tiri kure tinocherechedza utsi hunobva mumatsime anopisa mumupata macho mose. Iyi ndiimwe yenharaunda huru zvikurusa inopisa munyika yacho, uye dzimba dzamagirazi dzokukudzira zvirimwa dzakawanda dzakavakwa kushandisa iyi pfuma ndokugovera matimati, magaka, uye mhatsa yamaruva zvomudzimba dzinopisa.
Muiyi nharaunda mune ungano duku asi inoshingaira yavaparidzi voUmambo 19. Sigurður naGuðrún Svava vakatama vachibva Reykjavík kuzotsigira iri boka duku panenge panguva ungano yacho yakaumbwa muna 1988. Sigurður ndiye mukuru bedzi muno. Asati ava mumwe weZvapupu zvaJehovha anodokusvika makore gumi apfuura, akanga ari muimbi anosanozivikanwa, achiridza ngoma mumapoka akasiana-siana. Nhasi, anowana chokurarama nacho somuchenesi wamawindo, uye anodzidzisawo nziyo. Mararamire ake somuvaraidzi akamuunzira zvinetso zvakawanda, zvakadai sokushandisa mirimo zvisakafanira, kunwisa, uye roorano yakapunzika. Zvino akagutswa sei, zvaane donzo muupenyu uye achibatira Jehovha!
Kumabvazuva
Tichibva muSelfoss, tinotanga rwendo nemotokari rwamakiromita 680, zvikurukuru mumigwagwa yakasunha neisina kunaka ine tsanza. Tinonanga kuungano inotevera, mutaundi reReyðarfjörður, pamhenderekedzo yegungwa yokumabvazuva. Mukati mehafu yeawa, tinoona Hekla, gomo rinopfumbuka mwoto noutsi rakakurumbira zvikurusa reIceland. Rakaputika kana muzana rino ramakore.
Muna 1973 kuputika kwegomo kunoshamisa kwakaitika paVestmannaeyjar (Westmann Islands). Vagari vemo vose vane 5 300 vakabviswa zvakakotsekana vachienda kunyika huru mumaawa mashomanene. Pashure pokudzorerwa kwetaundi racho, vazhinjisa vavagari vemo vakadzokera pashoma napashoma. Zvapupu zviviri zvino zvinogara imomo uye zvinoparidzira mashoko akanaka kuvanhu vari muiyi nzanga duku. Tichichaira motokari kwamamwe maawa maviri, tinoona chiono chakaisvonaka chaVatnajökull akaisvonaka, rukurusa rwenzizi dzeaizi dzeIceland, ane nharaunda yakaenzana kumativi mana ine makiromita 8 300. Tiri munzira, tinopfuurawo mapopoma nenzizi zvakaisvonaka.
Tapedza anenge maawa gumi tichifamba, tinosvika patinogumira. MuReyðarfjörður tinosangana navaparidzi 12 veungano dukusa muIceland. Hapana Zvapupu zvaigara muiyi nharaunda kutozosvikira musha wavafundisi watangwa murutivi rwapashure rwa 1988. Kjell naIiris, varoorani vafundisi veSweden avo vakabatira muIceland chifo cha 1963, vakagoverwa kushanda pakati pavanhu 15 000 vari muiyi nharaunda yomuruwa. Vazhinji vanogara mumisha miduku yokuredza mumhenderekedzo yegungwa, yakatambanuka anenge makiromita 500.
Kjell anorondedzera, kuti: “Hapana panikiro kuti Jehovha akakomborera zvikuru basa roUmambo murutivi rwuno rweIceland. Pana January 1, 1993, ungano yakaumbwa, uye tiri kuitisa fundo dzeBhaibheri dzakanaka dzakawanda vanhu vari kuita fambiro mberi yakaisvonaka. Kunyange zvazvo mitoo yezvokufambisa yakachinja chifo chaapo Hama Lindal vakafamba vakatasva bhiza, hakusati kuri nyore nguva dzose kuchaira mumikana yamakomo mumigwagwa ine aizi mukati memwedzi yomuchando ine rima, kunyange nejipi inofambisa mavhiri mana. Pane imwe nguva, yakabviswa mumugwagwa une aizi ndokukunguruka kaviri kana kuti katatu ichidzika pamawere. Takafara sei kupukunyuka pasina kukuvara!”
Pashure pamakore 30 ari muIceland, Iiris anoti: “Mumakore apfuura vazhinji vakabva kudzimwe nyika kuzobetsera. Kunyange zvazvo vazhinjisa vaifanira kubva nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiana-siana, ivo zvamazvirokwazvo vakava negoverano huru mubasa rokusima nokudiridza. Tinofara kuti tinokwanisa kugara, sezvo zvino tine ropafadzo yokuona mukohwe uchipinda. Jehovha ari kukurumidzisa basa rake munowo.”
Yakawanda yewedzero yakauya nemhaka yokuti vatsva vanopupurira kuvashandi biyavo. Atli akadzidza zvokwadi kuvafundisi ndokutanga kutaura kuvamwe mukambani yokuvaka umo aishanda. Vaviri vavashandi biyake zvino vari kugoverana mubasa rokuparidzira, mumwe achiva akabhapatidzwa pamwe chete nomudzimai wake muna November 1992. Mushandi biyake wechitatu ave achifunda Bhaibheri neZvapupu.
Kufamba Nenzira Yokuchamhembe
Tichibva muReyðarfjörður, tinonanga kumadokero. Ungano inotevera iri kure namakiromita 300, mutaundi reAkureyri. Vaparidziri chaivo venguva yakazara vakagoverwa kundoshanda imomo mukuvamba kwama 1950. Kuvambira pamavambo pamene, basa rakasangana nechishoro chakaoma chakabva kuvafundisi. Nyaya dzakabudiswa mupepanhau romunzvimbomo dzokunyevera vanhu pamusoro peZvapupu zvaJehovha. Vazhinji vavanhu vomutaundi vakabatanidzwawo mukutenda midzimu. Asi nemhaka yetsungiriro neshiviriro zvamapiona akasiana-siana navafundisi, nhasi mune ungano inoshingaira neine rudo yavaparidzi voUmambo 35.
Friðrik, mumwe wavakuru muno, akanga ari muredzi. Pashure pokupinda kokorodzano yoruwa muna 1982, akapwiswa kuti yaakanga achidzidza yakanga iri zvokwadi. Iye akadzokera kuAkureyri akatsunga kupupurira kumhuri yake, shamwari, uye vashandi biyake. Friðrik akaita rongedzero dzokurega basa rake somuredzi kuti agogona kuva nenguva yakawanda neungano. Iye akaudza musikana wake, Helga, kuti vakanga vasati vachagona kugara pamwe chete kutozosvikira varoorana, sezvo akanga achizova mumwe weZvapupu zvaJehovha. Friðrik akadawo kuti afunde Bhaibheri nemhaka yokuti haasati ‘aizoroora asingatendi.’ (1 VaKorinte 7:39) Kukushamiswa kwake Helga akatanga kufunda. Vakaroorana muna February 1983 uye vakabhapatidzwa chinguvana pashure paikoko. Pashure penguva yakati amai nehanzvadzi vaFriðrik vakagamuchirawo zvokwadi.
Pokumira pedu pokupedzira iAkranes, makiromita 350 kubva kuAkureyri, nomuhwenze hutatu uye nomumipata yakawanda yakaisvonaka. Muno mugwagwa wakakurwa, kuchiita ikoku kuchaira motokari kuve kunofadza kukaenzaniswa nemigwagwa isina kunaka neyakasunha ine tsanza yatafamba muzhinjisa yenzira. MuAkranes tine ungano dukusa muIceland—vaparidzi vashanu, vaviri vavo vachibatira savakuru. Ivo vakaumbwa nemhuri mbiri dzakagamuchira kudana kweMakedhonia, dzakasiya imwe yeungano huru muReykjavík, uye dzakagara muiri taundi duku kuti dzibatire kune kushaiwa kukuru zvikuru. (Mabasa 16:9, 10) Kwaanopfuura makore maviri zvino, ivo vakaparidzira neshiviriro mashoko akanaka muiyi ndima, vane chivimbo chokuti Jehovha achaita kuti zvinhu zvikure.—1 VaKorinte 3:6.
Kariro Dzakajeka Dzewedzero
Nedzimba dzamagirazi dzokukudzira zvirimwa dzinopiswa nokupisa kunobva pakati papasi namagetsi, varimi veIceland vakakwanisa kurima mhatsa huru yemichero, mirivo, uye mimwe miti. Nenzira yakafanana, Zvapupu, zvakashongedzerwa nezvokwadi yomudzimu, kudziya kwenyengetedzo nyoro, uye chikomborero chomudzimu mutsvene waJehovha, zvave zvichiwana miuyo inoshamisa mumunda weIceland.
Gore rino vanhu 542 vakapinda Chirangaridzo chorufu rwaKristu, uye fundo dzeBhaibheri dzapamusha dzinodokusvika 200 zvino dziri kuitiswa. Mukuwedzera, davidzo yakanaka kukurudziro yokubatira mundima dzisina kugoverwa inotipa chivimbo chokuti vanhu vose vakafanana namakwai vari muichi chitsuwa chikuru vachanzwa inzwi roMufudzi Akaisvonaka, Jesu Kristu. (Johane 10:14-16) Muuyo unofadza zvakadini nokuda kwavazivisi ivavo vakatendeka voUmambo avo vakaratidza shiviriro huru kwazvo netsungiriro mukuparidzira mashoko akanaka munyika yeaizi nomwoto mukati mamakore 64 apfuura!
[Mepu iri papeji 24]
(Kana uchida mashoko azere, ona bhuku racho)
Akureyri
Akranes
Keflavík
Selfoss
Vestmannaeyjar
Reyðarfjörður
Hekla
Geysir
VATNAJÖKULL
REYKJAVíK
[Kwazvakatorwa]
Based on map by Jean-Pierre Biard