Wedzero
Ropa: Chisarudzo Chaani Uye Ihana Yaani?
yakanyorwa naJ. Lowell Dixon, M.D.
Yakatsikirirwazve nebvumiro yeNew York State Journal of Medicine, 1988; 88:463-464, maruramiro okutsikirira ndeeMedical Society of the State of New York.
VANACHIREMBA vane musengwa wokushandisa zivo yavo, unyanzvi, noruzivo rwokuzviwanira mukurwisa hosha norufu. Bva, zvakadiniko kana murwere akaramba kurapa kunorumbidzwa? Sezvingabvira ikoku kuchaitika kana murwere wacho ari Chapupu chaJehovha uye kurapa kuri ropa rose, masero matsvuku akaunganidzwa eropa, plasma, kana kuti maplatelet.
Pakureva nezvokushandiswa kweropa, chiremba angarangarira kuti chisarudzo chomurwere chokurapa kusina ropa chichaita kuti vashandi vezvokurapa vakazvitsaurira vapererwe nezano rose zvaro. Zvisinei, munhu haafaniri kukanganwa kuti varwere kunze kweZvapupu zvaJehovha vanowanzosarudza kusatevera rumbidzo dzachiremba wavo. Mukuwirirana naAppelbaum naRoth,1 19% yavarwere vapazvipatara zvinodzidzisa vakaramba kunenge kurapa kumwe kana kuti muitiro, kunyange zvazvo 15% kwokuramba kwakadaro “kwaiva nebviro yokupinza upenyu mungozi.”
Murangariro mukuru wokuti “chiremba anoziva zvikurusa” unoparira varwere vazhinjisa kubvuma unyanzvi hwachiremba wavo uye zivo. Asi kwaizova kune ngozi zvikuru zvakadini kuti chiremba apfuurire sokunge kuti chikamu chamashoko ichochi iidi resayenzi uye kuti abate varwere mukuwirirana nayo. Chokwadi, rovedzo yedu yezvokurapa, kupiwa maruramiro, uye ruzivo rwokuzviwanira zvinotipa ropafadzo dzinokosha munzvimbo yezvokurapa. Varwere vedu, kunyanguvezvo, vane maruramiro. Uye, sezvo sezvingabvira tichiziva, mutemo (kunyange Bumbiro roMutemo) rinokoshesa zvikuru kwazvo maruramiro.
Pamadziro ezvipatara zvizhinjisa, munhu anoona “Mitemo Yamaruramiro Omurwere” yakaratidzirwa. Mamwe aaya maruramiro ibvumiro yakavakirwa pazivo, iyo inganzi nomutoo wakarurama zvikuru chisarudzo chakavakirwa pazivo. Pashure pokunge murwere aziviswa nezvemiuyo inobvira yokurapa kwakasiana-siana (kana kuti yokusarapwa), chisarudzo chake chaachabvumira. PaAlbert Einstein Hospital iri muBronx, New York, muitiro wakanyorwa pamusoro pokuisirwa ropa uye Zvapupu zvaJehovha wakati: “Murwere upi noupi akura asina kuremara mundangariro ane maruramiro okuramba kurapwa pasinei hapo nokuti kuramba kwakadaro kungava kunokuvadza zvikuru zvakadini utano hwake.”2
Nepo vanachiremba vangataura itiro hanya pamusoro petsika kana kuti kuva nemhaka, matare akasimbisa ukoshi hwechisarudzo chomurwere.3 New York Court of Appeals yakati “maruramiro omurwere okusarudza mutoo wokurapwa kwake amene [ano]kosha zvikuru . . . [Mumwe] chiremba haagoni kurangarirwa kuva akaputsa mitoro yake yapamutemo kana kuti yebasa apo iye anoremekedza maruramiro omurwere akura anokwanisa okuramba mutoo wezvokurapa.”4 Dare irero rakatiwo “perero yetsika yachiremba, nepo ichikosha, haingakuriri maruramiro makuru omunhu oga anosimbiswa pano. Ndizvinodikanwa uye zvishuvo zvomunhu wacho, kwete zvinodikanwa zvechipatara, zvinokosha.”5
Apo Chapupu chinoramba ropa, vanachiremba vanganzwa marwadzo ehana pakariro yokuita zvinoratidzika kuva zviri pasi pezvavanogona kuita. Icho Chapupu chiri kukumbira vanachiremba vakavimbika kuti vaite, kunyanguvezvo, ndiko kugovera imwe tarisiro yakanakisisa inobvira mumigariro yacho. Nguva dzose tinofanira kuchinja mutoo wokurapa kwedu kuti kukodzere migariro, zvakadai sesundo yeropa yakakwirira, kusawirirana kwakakomba kwomuviri nemishonga inorwisa utachiona, kana kuti kusawanika kwemimwe midziyo inodhura. Kumurwere ari Chapupu, vanachiremba vari kukumbirwa kubata nechinetso chokurapa kana kuti chokuvhiya mutsinhirano nechisarudzo chomurwere nehana, chisarudzo chake chetsika/chorudzidziso chokurega ropa.
Mishumo mizhinji yokuvhiya kukuru kwakaitwa pavarwere vari Zvapupu inoratidza kuti vanachiremba vazhinji vanogona, nehana yakanaka uye nebudiriro, kugamuchira mukumbiro wokusashandisa ropa. Somuenzaniso, muna 1981, Cooley akahwirudzura kuvhiiwa kwetsinga dzomwoyo kune 1 026, 22% kwakaitwa pavaduku. Iye akasarudza “kuti ngozi yokuvhiya muvarwere veboka reZvapupu zvaJehovha haina kuva yakakwira zvikuru kupfuura dzavamwe.”6 Kambouris7 akashuma pamusoro pokuvhiya kukuru kwakaitwa paZvapupu, zvimwe zvazvo zvakanga zva“rambirwa kurapa kwokuvhiya kunodikanwa nokukurumidza nokuda kwokuramba kwazvo kugamuchira ropa.” Akati: “Varwere vose vakagamuchira vimbiso dzapamberi pokurapa dzokuti zvitendero zvavo zvorudzidziso zvaizoremekedzwa, pasinei hapo nemigariro ingamuka mukamuri rokuvhiira. Hapana kuva nemiuyo yakashata youyu muitiro.”
Apo murwere anenge ari Chapupu chaJehovha, hana inorangarirwa zvikuru, kupfuura nhau yechisarudzo. Munhu haangafungi bedzi nezvehana yachiremba. Zvakadiniko neyomurwere? Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvinorangarira upenyu sechipo chaMwari chinomirirwa neropa. Zvinodavira murairo weBhaibheri wokuti maKristu anofanira “kurega ropa” (Mabasa 15:28, 29).8 Nokudaro, kana chiremba akaputsa nomutoo wechiremera zvitendero zvorudzidziso zvakadaro zvakadzama zvaakava nazvo kwenguva refu, muuyo ungava une ngwavaira. Papa John Paul II akacherekedza kuti kugombedzera mumwe munhu kuputsa hana yake “kurova kunorwadza zvikurusa kunoitwa pachiremera chomunhu. Mupfungwa yakati, kwakaipisisa kupfuura kuparira rufu rwokunyama, kana kuti kuuraya.”9
Nepo Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvichiramba ropa nokuda kwezvikonzero zvorudzidziso, varwere vazhinji vanowedzera vasati vari Zvapupu vari kusarudza kudzivisa ropa nemhaka yengozi dzakadai seAIDS, kuzvimba kwechiropa kworudzi rwenon-A non-B, uye kuita kwegadziriro yedziviriro yomuviri. Tingavazivisa mirangariro yedu pamusoro pokuti ngozi dzakadaro dzinoratidzika kuva duku pakuenzanisirwa nebetsero. Asi, sokuratidzira kunoita American Medical Association, murwere ndiye “musarudzi wokupedzisira pamusoro pokuti iye achazvipinza mungozi yokurapa kana kuti yokuvhiya kunorumbidzwa nachiremba kana kuti mungozi yokurarama asinako. Akadarowo ndiwo maruramiro omuzvarirwo omunhu, ayo mutemo unobvuma.”10
Mukuwirirana naikoku, Macklin11 akamutsa nhau yengozi/betsero pamusoro peChapupu chaka“zvipinza mungozi yokubuda ropa kusvikira chafa chisina kuisirwa ropa.” Chiremba achiri kudzidzira akati: “Masimba ake okufunga akanga asati akangaidzika. Unoiteiko apo zvitendero zvorudzidziso zvinorwisana namanyuko bedzi omutoo wokurapa nawo?” Macklin akarangarira, kuti: “Isu tingadavira nomutoo wakasimba zvikuru kuti uyu munhu ari kuita mhosho. Asi Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvinodavira kuti kuisirwa ropa . . . [kunga]guma neshurikidzo isingagumi. Tinorovedzwa kuti tiite nzvero dzine ngozi nedzine betsero mumishonga asi kana iwe ukaenzanisa shurikidzo isingagumi nokuramba uri mupenyu pasi pano, kunzvera kunova nomuuyo wakasiana.”11
Vercillo naDuprey12 muchinyorwa chino cheJournal vanonongedzera kuIn re Osborne kuti vasimudzire fariro mukuva nechokwadi chekotsekano yavanotsamira pamurwere wacho, asi mhaka iyeyo yakapedzwa sei? Yakanga ine chokuita nababa vakakuvadzwa zvakakomba vavana vaviri vaduku. Dare rakasarudza kuti kana ivo vakafa, hama dzokunyama dzaizotarisira mune zvokunyama nezvokumudzimu nokuda kwavana vavo. Naizvozvo, somune dzimwe mhaka dzemisi ichangobva kupfuura,13 dare harina kuwana fariro yehurumende inogombedzera kururamisa kuramba chisarudzo chomurwere chokurapwa; kupindira kwedare kuti ribvumire kurapa kwaanoramba zvikurukuru hakuna kubvumirwa.14 Nokumwe kurapa murwere wacho akanaya ndokupfuurira kutarisira mhuri yake.
Hakusi kwechokwadi here kuti zvizhinji zvikuru zvezvirwere zvakanangana navanachiremba, kana kuti sezvingabvira zvavachanangana nazvo, zvinogona kutarisirwa pasina ropa? Zvatakafunda nezvatinoziva zvikurusa zvine chokuita nezvinetso zvokurapa, bva varwere vanhu vane tsika dzomunhu oga nenharidzano zvisingagoni kufuratirwa. Vanoziva zvakanakisisa pamusoro pezvinoiswa pakutanga zvavo vamene, tsika dzavo vamene nehana, zvinoita kuti upenyu huve nerevo kwavari.
Kuremekedza hana dzorudzidziso dzavarwere vari Zvapupu kungadenha unyanzvi hwedu. Asi sezvatinonangana neiyi denho, tinosimbisa maruramiro esununguko anokosha ayo isu tose tinokoshesa. Sokunyora kwakaita John Stuart Mill nomutoo wakakodzera, kuti: “Tichirangarira zvose, hakuna nzanga yakasununguka, umo kusununguka ikoku kusati kuchiremekedzwa, pasinei hapo nechingava chimiro chayo chehurumende . . . Munhu mumwe nomumwe ndiye mutarisiri wakafanira woutano hwake amene, hungava hwomuviri, kana kuti hwendangariro nohwomudzimu. Rudzi rwomunhu runowana zvikuru kupfurikidza nokushivirirana kuti rurarame nomutoo unoratidzika kuva wakanaka kwarwuri rumene, kupfuura kupfurikidza nokugombedzera mumwe nomumwe kurarama nomutoo unoratidzika kuva wakanaka kuna vose vasara.”15
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