Ganhuro 1
Kuravirei Bhaibheri?
Tiri kurarama munyika ine zvinetso zvakanyanyowanda uye mhinduro shomanene zvikuru kwazvo. Mamirioni mazhinji anogarorumwa nenzara. Zviverengero zvinowedzera zvakapindwa muropa nemirimo. Mhuri zhinji kwazvo dziri kuputsika. Vatano yapakati pehama dzokunyama namasimba masimba emhuri zvinopfuurira kuva munhau. Mhepo yatinofema nemvura yatinonwa zviri kuiswa chepfu pashoma napashoma. Kuri zvino, vazhinji zhinji vedu vari kukuvadzwa noutsotsi. Unofunga here kuti zvinetso zvakadai seizvi zvichazombogadzikiswa?
1. (Batanidza sumo.) Zvinetsoi zvazvino uno zvinoratidzira kuti vanhu vanoda nhungamiro?
MUKUWEDZERA, tinorarama muzera rezvisarudzo zvakaoma. Somuenzaniso, vazhinji vari kushora nomutoo unopfuurira kubviswa kwenhumbu, vachikuidza kuurawa kwomwana asati aberekwa. Vamwe vanorangarira nomutoo wakasimba zvikuru kuti vakadzi vane chiremera pamiviri yavo vamene uye vanofanira kuzvisarudzira vamene nhau yakadaro. Vazhinji vanorangarira vatano yavarume voga voga, upombwe, uye vatano yapamberi peroorano soutere. Vamwe vanodavira kuti iyi miitiro inhau yechisarudzo chomunhu oga. Ndianiko achataura uyo ari wakarurama nouyo asina kururama?
2, 3. Ko vazhinji vanorangarira sei Bhaibheri nhasi?
2 Bhaibheri rinopa nhungamiro munhau dzetsika, uye rinorondedzera zvigadzikiso zvinobudirira zvezvinetso zvoutsotsi, nzara, nokushatswa kwezvinhu. Chinetso ndeichi, vanhu vazhinjisa havasati vacharangarirazve Bhaibheri sechiremera munhau dzakadaro. Pane imwe nguva, rakanga richiteererwa noruremekedzo—zvimwe muMadokero. Kunyange zvazvo Bhaibheri rakanyorwa navanhu, munguva yakapfuura voruzhinjisa vari muchiKristudhomu vairigamuchira seShoko raMwari uye vachidavira kuti Mwari iye amene akanga afuridzira zviri mukati zvaro.
3 Nhasi, zvisinei, kuva anopanikira pamusoro pechinhu chiri chose kwakapararira: miitiro, pfungwa, tsika, kunyange kuvapo kwaMwari. Zvikurukuru, vanhu vanopanikira kukosha kweBhaibheri. Vazhinji vanoratidzika kuva vanorirangarira serechinyakare nerisingawirirani nomusi. Vakachenjera vashomanene vazvino uno vanorirangarira seShoko raMwari. Vanhu vazhinjisa vangasva havo vabvumirana nomuzivi James Barr, uyo akanyora, kuti: “Nhauro yangu yokuitwa kwegamuchidzanwa reBhaibheri inhauro yebhuku romunhu. Kutaura kwomunhu zvitendero zvake.”1
4, 5. Neiko kuchikosha kuziva kana Bhaibheri rakafuridzirwa naMwari kana kuti kwete? Chii chiri donzo reichi chinyorwa?
4 Iwoyu ndiwo mufungo wako here? Unofunga kuti Bhaibheri ishoko raMwari here, kana kuti romunhu? Zvisinei nokuti unopindura sei mubvunzo iwoyo, rangarira iri pfundo: Kana Bhaibheri richingovawo zvaro shoko romunhu, ipapo nomutoo une mufungo hapana mhinduro yakajeka yezvinetso zvavanhu. Vanhu vachatofanira havo kuyedza napavangagona napo, vachikarira nomumwe mutoo kudzivisa kuzviuraya ivo vamene nechepfu kana kuti kuzviputitsa vamene muhondo yenyukireya. Asi kana Bhaibheri riri Shoko raMwari, ndicho chinhu chimene chatinoda chokutipfuudza nomune iyi nguva inotambudza.
5 Ichi chinyorwa chichapa ufakazi hwokuti Bhaibheri zvomenemene iShoko raMwari. Uye vabudisi vanokarira kuti pashure pokunge warangarira ufakazi, uchaziva kuti Bhaibheri rine mhinduro dzinoshanda bedzi dzezvinetso zvavanhu. Kunyange zvazvo zvakadaro, kutanga, tingada kukuzivisa mamwe maidi ayo, maari amene, anoita kuti Bhaibheri rive rakakodzerwa nokurangarira kwako.
Ibhuku Rinotengwa Kupinda Ose Munguva Yose
6, 7. Maidii akatanhamara pamusoro peBhaibheri anoraira ngwariro yedu?
6 Pakuvamba, iro ibhuku rinotengwa kupinda ose, bhuku rinoparadzirwa zvakaisvofara munhau yose. Mukuwirirana nechinyorwa cha 1988 cheGuinness Book of World Records, makopi akakarakadzwa ane 2 500 000 000 akatsikirirwa pakati pa 1815 na 1975. Ichecho chiverengero chikurusa. Hakuna rimwe bhuku munhau rakaswedera kunyange pedyo neBhaibheri muzviverengero zvinoparadzirwa.
7 Kunze kwaizvozvo, hakuna rimwe bhuku rakashandurirwa mumitauro yakawanda kudaro. Bhaibheri zvino rinogona kuraviwa, rose zvaro kana kuti murutivi, mune dzinopfuura ndimi dzakasiana dzine 1 800. American Bible Society inoshuma kuti zvino rinogona kuwanikwa kusvikira ku 98 muzana yechiverengero chavagari vapasi redu. Fungidzira hako nhamburiko hurusa inobatanidzwa mukubudisa shanduro dzakawanda kudaro! Nderipi rimwe bhuku rakawana ngwariro yakadaro?
Bhuku Rine Pesvedzero
8, 9. Kutaurai kwakaitwa navamwe kunoratidzira pesvedzero yakashandiswa neBhaibheri?
8 The New Encyclopædia Britannica rinoidza Bhaibheri kuti “zvichida muunganidzwa unoisvopesvedzera zvikuru wamabhuku munhau yomunhu.”2 Wezvenhetembwa weGermany wezana ramakore rechi 19 Heinrich Heine akabvuma, kuti: “Ndinowana zivo yangu nomutoo wakapfava zvikuru kukuraviwa kwebhuku . . . Bhaibheri. Iro rinoidzwa nomutoo wakarurama zvikuru kuti Magwaro Matsvene. Uyo akarashikirwa naMwari wake anogona kuwanazve Iye mune iri bhuku.”3 Mukati mezana ramakore rimwe chetero, nyambavarira anoramba uranda William H. Seward akazivisa, kuti: “Tariro yose yeenderero mberi yohunhu yakatsamira papesvedzero inoramba ichiwedzera yeBhaibheri.”4
9 Abraham Lincoln, purezidhendi wechi 16 weUnited States, akaidza Bhaibheri kuti “chipo chakanakisisa Mwari ati ambopawo munhu . . . Nokuti kunze kwaro hatati taigona kuziva chakarurama nechisina kururama.”5 Nyanzvi yemitemo yeBritain Sir William Blackstone akasimbisa pesvedzero yeBhaibheri apo iye akataura, kuti: “Pane idzi nheyo mbiri, mutemo wechisiko nomutemo wechizaruro [Bhaibheri], panotsamira mitemo yose yavanhu, ndiko kutaura kuti, hapana mitemo yavanhu inofanira kutamburirwa kupokanidza iyoyi.”6
Rinovengwa Uye Rinodiwa
10. Ko chishoro paBhaibheri chakaratidzirwa sei?
10 Panguva imwe cheteyo, tinotofanira kucherekedza kuti hapana rimwe bhuku rave riri chipfuro chechishoro chine utsinye zvikuru kwazvo uye kunyange kuvengwa munhau yose. MaBhaibheri ave achipisirwa panzvimbo dzokupisira dzapamhene, kubvira muMiddle Ages kuburukira kuzana redu ramakore rechi 20. Uye kurava kana kuti kugovera Bhaibheri kwave kuchirangwa nefaindi nokupfigirwa mutorongo kunyange munguva dzazvino uno. Mumazana amakore akapfuura, “mhaka” dzakadaro dzaiwanzoparira kutambudzwa uye rufu.
11, 12. Tyndale akaratidzira sei kuda kwake Bhaibheri?
11 Kunowirirana naikoku kwave kuri kuzvipira uko Bhaibheri rakakuchidzira. Vazhinji vakatsungirira mukurirava pasinei hapo nechitambudzo chinopfuurira. Rangarira William Tyndale, murume weEngland womuzana ramakore rechi 16 uyo akadzidziswa paOxford University ndokuva murairidzi anoremekedzwa paCambridge University.
12 Tyndale aida Bhaibheri. Asi mumazuva ake, zviremera zvorudzidziso zvaiomerera pakuita kuti iro rirambe riri muchiLatin, mutauro wakafa. Naizvozvo, nokuda kwokuita kuti iro riwanike kuvanhu biyake vokwake, Tyndale akatsunga kushandurira Bhaibheri muchiNgezi. Sezvo ikoku kwakanga kuchirwisana nomutemo, Tyndale aitofanira kurega basa rake rezvefundo rinogutsa ndokutizira kuNyika. Iye akararama upenyu hwakaoma hwomutizi kwenguva refu yakaringanira kushandura Magwaro echiGiriki (“Testamente Itsva”) namamwe aMagwaro echiHebheru (“Testamente Yekare”) mundimi yokwake; asi pakupedzisira akasungwa, achiwanirwa mhaka yedzidziso yakatsauka, ndokusungirirwa, uye chitunha chake chakapiswa.
13. Chii chiri chinhu chimwe chinoita kuti Bhaibheri rive rakatanhamara zvamazvirokwazvo?
13 Tyndale anongova bedzi mumwe wechiverengero chikuru chavanhu vakarashikirwa nechinhu chiri chose nokuda kwokurava Bhaibheri kana kuti kuriita kuti riwanikwe kuna vamwe. Hakuna rimwe bhuku rakakuchidzira varume navakadzi venhando vakawanda kudaro kusvika ushingi hukuru hwakadaro. Muna ikoku, Bhaibheri zvamazvirokwazvo harienzanisirwi.
Kutaura Kwokuti Iro iShoko raMwari
14, 15. Kutaurai kunoita vanyori veBhaibheri kazhinji kazhinji?
14 Bhaibheri rakatanhamarawo nokuda kwokutaura kwakaitwa navazhinji vavanyori varo. Vanhu 40, kubatanidza madzimambo, vafudzi, varedzi, vabatiri vehurumende, vaprista, anenge mutungamiriri mumwe wehondo, uye chiremba, vakabetsera mukunyora mativi akasiana-siana eBhaibheri. Asi nguva nenguva, vanyori vakaita kutaura kumwe cheteko: kuti ivo vakanga vachinyora kwete mifungo yavo vamene asi yaMwari.
15 Nokudaro, muBhaibheri tinowanzorava kutaura kwakadai sokwokuti: “Mudzimu waJehovha ndiwo wakanga uri uyo wakataura kupfurikidza neni, uye shoko rake rakanga riri parurimi rwangu” kana kuti, “Izvi ndizvo izvo Changamire Ishe, Jehovha wamauto, ataura.” (2 Samueri 23:2; Isaya 22:15) Mutsamba yakatumirwa kumuevhangeri biyake, muapostora Pauro akanyora, kuti: “Rugwaro rwose rwakafuridzirwa naMwari uye runobetsera nokuda kwokudzidzisa, nokuda kwokutsiura, nokuda kwokururamisa zvinhu, nokuda kwokuranga mukururama, kuti munhu waMwari agova anokwanisa zvizere, akashongedzerwa zvakakwana nokuda kwebasa riri rose rakanaka.”—2 Timotio 3:16, 17.
16. Bhaibheri rinokurukura mibvunzoi?
16 Mutsinhirano nokutaura kwokuti iro ishoko raMwari, kwete romunhu, Bhaibheri rinopindura mibvunzo iyo Mwari bedzi anogona kupindura. Somuenzaniso, rinotsanangura chikonzero nei hurumende dzavanhu dzave dzisati dzichikwanisa kuunza rugare rusingaperi, kuti vanhu vanogona sei kuwana gutsikano hurusa muupenyu, nechine nguva yemberi nokuda kwapasi navanhu vari pariri. Zvino, somunhu anofunga, unofanira kuva wakazvibvunza umene pamusoro paiyoyi nemimwe mibvunzo yakafanana kazhinji. Zvisinei hazvo kuregererei kurangarira bviro yokuti Bhaibheri iShoko raMwari nokudaro rinokwanisa nomutoo wakatanhamara kupa mhinduro dzine chiremera?
17, 18. (a) Ndedzipi dzimwe dzepomero dzinoitirwa Bhaibheri dzinokurukurwa muchinyorwa chino? (b) Ndimimwei misoro ichakurukurwa?
17 Tinokukurudzira kusanonzvera ufakazi hunopiwa mune iri bhuku. Mamwe amaganhuro aro achakurukura kutsoropodzwa kweBhaibheri kunowanzonzwiwa. Bhaibheri harisati riri resayenzi here? Rinozvipokanidza iro rimene here? Rine nhau chaiyo here kana kuti ngano bedzi? Ko manenji akanyorwa muBhaibheri akaitika zvomenemene here? Ufakazi hune mufungo hunopiwa kupindura iyi mibvunzo. Pashure paikoku, mienzaniso ine simba yokufuridzirwa kweBhaibheri kwoumwari inokurukurwa: uporofita hwaro, uchenjeri hwaro hukuru, uye tapuro yakatanhamara yarinayo paupenyu hwavanhu. Pakupedzisira, tichaona iri tapuro inogona kuva neBhaibheri paupenyu hwako.
18 Kutanga, kunyange zvazvo zvakadaro, tichakurukura mawanire atakaita Bhaibheri. Kunyange nhau yeiri bhuku rinoshamisa inopa chibvumikiso chokuti iro rine mviromviro huru zvikuru inopfuura yomunhuwo zvake.
[Mufananidzo unozadza peji yose uri papeji 4]
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 6]
Bhaibheri ibhuku rinoisvogoverwa zvakapararira uye rinoisvoshandurwa zvikuru munhau yose
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 9]
Sokuratidzira kunoita uyu mufananidzo wakavezwa womuzana ramakore rechi 15, vazhinji vakapiswa vari vapenyu nokuda kwe“mhaka” yokurava Bhaibheri
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 11]
Vanyori veBhaibheri vakataura kuti vakafuridzirwa naMwari