Enderero Mberi Newedzero Yazvo Yazvinouno

Nhau yazvino uno yeZvapupu zvaJehovha yakatikudziridzikei kupfuura makore ane zana akapfuura. Muma 1870 apakuvamba, boka refundo yeBhaibheri risingacherekedzwi rakavamba muAllegheny City, Pennsylvania, U.S.A., iro zvino rava rutivi rwePittsburgh. Charles Taze Russell akanga ari mukuchidziri mukuru webokaro. Muna July 1879, chinyorwa chokutanga chamagazini yeZion’s Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence chakaoneka. Pakuzosvika muna 1880 makumi eungano akanga apararira achibva pafundo imwe iyeyo duku yeBhaibheri achipinda munyika dziri pedyopo. Muna 1881 Zion’s Watch Tower Tract Society yakaumbwa, uye muna 1884 yakaita sangano rapamutemo, iinaRussell sapurezidhendi. Zita reSosaiti gare gare rakachinjwa kuva Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. Vazhinji vaipupurira paimba neimba vachigovera mabhuku eBhaibheri. Vanhu vana makumi mashanu vaiita ikoku munguva yakazara muna 1888—zvino chiverengero cheavhareji munyika yose chinopfuura vane mirioni imwe nehafu.

Pakuzosvika muna 1909 basa rakanga rava ramarudzi ose, uye dzimbahwe reSosaiti rakatamisirwa panzvimbo yaro yazvino iri muBrooklyn, New York. Mharidzo dzakatsikirirwa dzaibatanidzwa mumapepanhau, uye pakuzosvika muna 1913 idzodzi dzaiva mumitauro mina mumapepanhau ane 3 000 muUnited States, Canada, uye Europe. Mabhuku, mabhukwana, uye maturakiti zvakanga zvagoverwa mumazana amamirioni.

Muna 1912 basa rakavamba paPhoto-Drama of Creation. Kupfurikidza namasiraidhi nemifananidzo inofamba ina mashoko anorondedzera, yakafukidza chisiko chapasi kusvikira kumugumo woKutonga kwaMakore Ane Chiuru kwaKristu. Mapurogiramu akatanga muna 1914, navane 35 000 vachiiona zuva nezuva. Yakanga iri yokutanga mumifananidzo inofamba ina mashoko anorondedzera.

GORE RA 1914

Nguva inotambudza yakanga ichiswedera pedyo. Muna 1876 mudzidzi weBhaibheri Charles Taze Russell akapira nyaya inoti “Nguva dzaVamarudzi: Dzinoguma Rini?” kuBible Examiner, yakabudiswa muBrooklyn, New York, iro rakati papeji 27 yechinyorwa charo chaOctober, “Nguva nomwe dzichaguma muna A.D. 1914.” Nguva dzaVamarudzi inhambo yakanongedzerwa kwairi naJesu se“nguva dzakagadzwa dzamarudzi.” (Ruka 21:24) Hazvizati zviri zvose zvaikarirwa kuitika muna 1914 zvakaitika, asi rakaratidza mugumo weNguva dzaVamarudzi uye rakanga riri gore rerevo chaiyo. Vezvenhau vazhinji navatsinhiri vanobvuma kuti 1914 yakanga iri nhambo yechinjo munhau yomunhu. Kunokora mashoko kunotevera kunoratidzira ikoku:

“Gore rokupedzisira re‘nguva dzose’ chose chose munhau rakanga riri 1913, gore rapamberi pokuvamba kweHondo yeNyika I.”—Tsinhiro dzomupepeti wenhau dzomuTimes-Herald, Washington, D.C., March 13, 1949.

“Chifo cha 1914, munhu ari wose anoziva nezvekombamiro munyika ave achitambudzwa zvikurukuru nechakaratidzika kuva kufamba kwakatemwa nokwakadeya kusarudzwa kwokuenda kungwavaira inoramba ichikura zvikuru. Vanhu vazhinji vanofungisisa vakasvika pakurangarira kuti hapana chinhu chinogona kuitwa kudzivisa kuchurikira muruparadziko.”—Bertrand Russell, The New York Times Magazine, September 27, 1953.

“Nyika yose yakachinja zvomenemene pamusoro peHondo yeNyika I uye tichigere kuziva kuti chikonzero nei. Pamberi penguva iyeyo, vanhu vakafunga kuti nyika yakaisvonakisisa yakanga ichioneka. Kwakanga kuno rugare norubudiriro. Panguva iyoyo chinhu chiri chose chakachinja. Tave tiri mumugariro wokurarama mufunganyo chifocho . . . Vanhu vazhinji vakaurawa muzana rino ramakore kupinda munhau yose.”—Dr. Walker Percy, American Medical News, November 21, 1977.

Makore anopfuura 50 pashure pa 1914, wezvoruzivo rwokudzorwa kwenyika weGermany Konrad Adenauer akanyora, kuti: “Chengeteko norunyararo zvakanyangarika paupenyu hwavanhu kubvira muna 1914.”—The West Parker, Cleveland, Ohio, January 20, 1966.

Purezidhendi wokutanga weSosaiti, C. T. Russell, akafa muna 1916 uye akatsiviwa mugore rakatevera naJoseph F. Rutherford. Chinjo zhinji dzakaitika. Magazini iri mubiyayo weNharireyomurindi, yainzi The Golden Age, yakabudiswa. (Zvino yonzi Mukai!, ine goverwo yeanopfuura 12 000 000 muinopfuura mitauro 50.) Kupupurira kwapasuo nesuo kwakawana simbiso huru zvikuru. Kuzvitsauranisa iwo amene namasangano echiKristudhomu, aya maKristu akagamuchira zita rokuti Zvapupu zvaJehovha muna 1931. Iri zita rakavakirwa pana Isaya 43:10-12.

Nhepfenyuro yakashandiswa zvikurukuru muma 1920 nomuma 1930. Pakuzosvika muna 1933 Sosaiti yakanga ichishandisa nhepfutepfu dzine 403 kuparadzira hurukuro dzeBhaibheri. Gare gare, kushandiswa kwenhepfenyuro kwakatsiviwa zvikurukuru neshanyo dzinowedzera dzapaimba neimba dzinoitwa neZvapupu zvinamagiramafomu nehurukuro dzeBhaibheri dziri pamarekodhi. Fundo dzeBhaibheri dzapamusha dzakatangwa apo pakanga pane fariro.

RUKUNDO RWAMATARE

Mukati mama 1930 nomuma 1940, kwakanga kune kusungwa kuzhinji kweZvapupu nokuda kwokuita iri basa uye mhaka dzamatare dzakarwiwa mufariro yokuchengeta rusununguko rwokutaura, rwokutsikirira, kuungana, uye kunamata. MuUnited States, kukwirira mhaka kubvira mumatare akaderera kwakaguma nokukunda kweZvapupu mhaka dzine 43 pamberi peDare Rapamusoro reUnited States. Nomutoo wakafanana, zvisarudzo zvakanaka zvave zvichiwanwa mumatare akakwirira mune dzimwe nyika. Pamusoro pouku kukunda kwamatare, Purofesa C. S. Braden, mubhuku rake rinonzi These Also Believe, akati nezveZvapupu: “Izvo zvakaita basa rechiratidzo kuubati ushe hunosarudzwa navoruzhinji kupfurikidza nokurwira kwazvo kuchengeta maruramiro avanhu, nokuti muparapatiko yazvo zvakaita zvakawanda zvokuchengeta maruramiro iwawo nokuda kweboka riri rose ravorushoma muAmerica.”

MAPUROGIRAMU CHAIWO OKUROVEDZA

J. F. Rutherford akafa muna 1942 uye akatsiviwa muhupurezidhendi naN. H. Knorr. Purogiramu inotsinhirana yerovedzo yakavamba. Muna 1943 chikoro chaicho cherovedzo nokuda kwavafundisi, chakaidzwa kunzi Watchtower Bible School of Gilead, chakatangwa. Kubvira panguva iyoyo zvichienda mberi, vakundi vanobva mune ichi chikoro vave vachitumirwa kunyika dzinopfuura 140 dzapasi. Ungano itsva dzakabuda munyika umo makanga musina, uye mabazu akatangwa mumarudzi ose zvino anopfuura chiverengero chaane 90. Panguva nenguva, fundo chaidzo dzave dzichiitwa nokuda kwokurovedza vakuru veungano, vashandi vanozvipira pamabazu, naavo vanoshanda munguva yakazara (samapiona) mubasa rokupupurira.

N. H. Knorr akafa muna 1977. Imwe yechinjo dzokupedzisira dzesangano iyo iye akagoverana mairi pamberi porufu rwake yakanga iri kukudziridzwa kwoMutumbi Unodzora, uri padzimbahwe renyika muBrooklyn. Muna 1976 mitoro yokutarisira yakakamuraniswa ndokugoverwa kumatare akasiana-siana anoumbwa nemitezo yoMutumbi Unodzora. Mitezo yawo 12 (muna 1989) somumwe nomumwe vave vakapira nguva yavo izere kubasa ravo rokupupurira nokuda kwamakore anopfuura 45.

NZVIMBO DZOKUTSIKIRIRA DZINOFUTUNUKA

Nhau yeZvapupu zvaJehovha munguva dzazvino uno yave yakazadzwa nezvinoitika zvinoorora. Kubvira pafundo imwe duku yeBhaibheri muPennsylvania shure muna 1870, Zvapupu pakuzosvika mugore ra 1989 zvakawedzera kusvika kudzinopfuura ungano 60 000 munyika yose. Mabhuku ose, pakutanga, akanga achitsikirirwa namafemu ezvokutengeserana; panguva iyeyo, muna 1920, mamwe mabhuku akanyorwa neZvapupu akabudiswa muzvivako zvinorendwa zvefekitari. Asi kubvira muna 1927 zvichienda mberi, mabhuku akawanda zvikuru akavamba kutsikirirwa muchivako chenhurikidzwa sere chefekitari muBrooklyn, New York, chiri cheWatchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc. Ichochi zvino chakafutunuka kuva zvivako zvinomwe zvefekitari nomudhadhadha mukuru wehofisi. Kune zvimwe zvivako zviri pedyopo muBrooklyn zvokuwanira dzimba vashandi vane 3 000 vanodikanirwa kushanda muzvivako zvinobudisa mabhuku. Muwedzero kuna ikoku, mubatanidzwa wepurazi nefekitari una vashandi vane chiuru unoshandiswa pedyo neWallkill muNew York yokumusoro. Unotarisira kutsikirirwa kwamagazini eNharireyomurindi naMukai! uye unogadzira zvokudya nokuda kwavashandi vose vokuzvipira vane 4 000. Mushandi mumwe nomumwe wokuzvipira anogamuchira mari shoma inodzorerwa mwedzi mumwe nomumwe kufukidza ndyiko dzinongovapo.

Kokorodzano Dzamarudzi Ose

Muna 1893 kokorodzano huru yokutanga yakaitirwa muChicago, Illinois, U.S.A. Yakapindwa navane 360, uye vatsva vane 70 vakabhapatidzwa. Kokorodzano imwe huru yamarudzi ose yokupedzisira yakaitirwa muGuta reNew York muna 1958. Yakashandisa dzose dziri mbiri Yankee Stadium nePolo Grounds yaivapo panguva iyoyo. Chiverengero chavapindi chapamusoro chakanga chiri 253 922; vatsva vakabhapatidzwa vaiva nechiverengero chavane 7 136. Chifo chenguva iyoyo kokorodzano dzamarudzi ose dzave dzichiitwa senhevedzano yamagungano munyika zhinji. Zvino nhevedzano yekokorodzano dzamarudzi ose inobatanidza magungano ane chiuru chimwe munyika dzinopfuura 80.

[Mashoko okukwezva vaverengi ari papeji 6]

Bhaisikopo rapakuvamba rina mashoko anorondedzera

[Mashoko okukwezva vaverengi ari papeji 7]

Nhambo yechinjo munhau yomunhu

[Mashoko okukwezva vaverengi ari papeji 8]

Basa rechiratidzo kurusununguko rwavanhu

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 6]

“Nharireyomurindi,” kubvira pa 6 000 mumutauro mumwe kusvikira kuanopfuura 14 000 000 mumitauro inopfuura 100

[Mifananidzo iri papeji 10]

Fekitari yokutsikiririra paWallkill, New York,

. . . uye paBrooklyn, New York