Chirwere Chisingazivikanwi Chinozivikanwa
CFS (chronic fatigue syndrome) “ityisidziro huru youtano neyomugariro wemari, yechipiri bedzi kune iya yeAIDS.”
NDIZVO izvo Dr. Byron Hyde weCanada akataura mukati mehurukuro yokusiirana yeCFS yokutanga yenyika, muCambridge, England, muna April 1990. Kutaura idi, Dr. Jay Levy munzveri weAIDS weSan Francisco, akaidza CFS kuti “hosha yomuma 1990.”
Emergency Medicine rakatsanangura kuti CFS i“hosha inobatanidza inopfuura gadziriro imwe yomuviri inotapura gadziriro huru yetsinga negadziriro yamasero anoparadza utachiona uye kazhinji kazhinji gadziriro yemusculoskeletal.” Itiro hanya yehosha yazova huru. Apo magazini yeU.S. Newsweek yakava nenhau inova pamwe chete nomufananidzo webutiro ramagazini pairi muna November 1990, chinyorwa chacho chakava chinotengwa zvikurusa chegorero.
CDC (U.S. Centers for Disease Control) muAtlanta yakarangarira chirwere chacho nomutoo wakakomba. Muna 1988 iri sangano rakatanhamara routano reU.S. rakabvuma nomutoo wakakodzera ichi chirwere chisingazivikanwi kupfurikidza nokupa vanachiremba mupimo, kana kuti ufakazi husina kwahwakarerekera hwehosha sokunzvera kwakaita chiremba uye ufakazi hwehosha hwakacherekedzwa nomurwere, nokuda kwokuinzvera. Sangano racho rakaidza urwerehwo kuti chronic fatigue syndrome nemhaka yokuti chiratidzo chahwo chinozivikanwa, chikuru ndirwo runeto.
Chinetso Nezita
Zvisinei, vazhinji vanorangarira kuti zitaro harina kukodzera. Vanotaura kuti rinodukupisa chirwere, sezvo runeto runoratidzira CFS rwakasiana nounetowo zvahwo. “Runeto rwedu,” mumwe murwere akatsangura kudaro, “rukuru zvikuru kupfuura madenderewo zvawo.”
Dr. Paul Cheney, uyo akarapa mazana avarwere veCFS, anotaura kuti kuiidza kuti runeto rusingaperi “kwakafanana nokuidza chibayo kuti ‘zviratidzo zvegosoro risingaperi.’” Dr. J. Van Aerde, uyo iye amene akatapurwa neCFS, anobvuma. Nguva pfupi yakapfuura, uyu chiremba akava namabasa maviri enguva yakazara—akanga ari chiremba usiku uye musaindisiti mukati mezuva, kunze kwokuva murume nababa. Gore rakapera akazivisa nezvechinoitika chake neCFS, uye Medical Post yeCanada yakabudisa nhauro yake:
“Fungidzira hako hosha inoparadza simba rako rose, ichiita kuti kusimudza magumbeze kuti ubude mumubhedha kuve nhamburiko chaiyo. Kutenderera mudhadhadha, kunyange kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma, kwava basa guru, kunyange kusimudza mwana wako kwava chinoitika chinopedza simba nokuda kwokunyanyoremerwa. Unorega kuenda kukamuri kwaunofundira muimba yapasi nemhaka yokuti haungagoni kukwira uchidzoka namatanho usingagari pasi ndokuzorora uri pakati. Fungidzira hako, unogona kurava mashoko nemitsetse yamashoko enyaya yepepanhau, asi usingawani mufungo wawo . . .
“Fungidzira uchinzwa sokunge kuti waibaiwa majekiseni omutsandanyama ana mazana panguva imwe cheteyo mutsandanyama dzako dzose, kuchikuita kuti kuve kunorwadza kugara pasi, kusingabviri kufamba, kuchiita kuti kumbundira kuve kusati kuchafadzazve. . . . Fungidzira kutonhora kwakazhinji kazhinji, kudikitira kwomutsarara, kazhinji kazhinji kunova pamwe chete nefivhiri yomwero wakaderera. Batanidza zviratidzo zvose ndokukuenzanisira nechikosoro chakaipisisa chawakamborwisa, kunze kwokuti chakaipisisa zvikuru uye chinopedza gore rose, zvimwe nguva refu.
“Fungidzira shungu nokuora mwoyo kusingayereki paunorwara warwazve, apo unenge uchifunga chaizvo kuti wakurira ichi chinhu. Fungidzira uchityiswa, uchivhunduka nemhaka yokuti unonzwa wakapfigirwa mumuviri wokumwe, uye usingazivi kana iko kose kuchizoguma kana kuti rini.”—September 3, 1991.
Zita rakapiwa chirwerecho muUnited Kingdom neCanada rinosimbisa ukombi hwechirwere. Ikoko chinonzi myalgic encephalomyelitis, kana kuti ME nokuda kwokudimburira. “Myalgic” inorereudzira ngwariro kumarwadzo etsandanyama, uye “encephalomyelitis” kutapuro ine vhiringidziko pauropi netsinga.
Vhiringidziko zvainotapura gadziriro yamasero anoparadza utachiona, mapoka anotsigira avarwere navanachiremba muUnited States, zvino ava mazana, akaiidza CFIDS (chronic fatigue immune dysfunction syndrome).
Iyoyi chinetso chitsva chisingarapiki zvomenemene here? Chakasvika sei pangwariro yavose?
Hwirudzuro Yenhau
CFS zvimwe haisati iri chirwere chitsva. Vamwe vakaibatanidza norudungwe rwezviratidzo izvo muzana rokupedzisira ramakore zvakanga zvichinzi chirwere chamarwadzo etsinga dzose dzomuviri, zita rakatorwa muchiGiriki rinoratidzira “kushaikwa kwesimba retsinga.” Zviratidzo zveCFS zvakafananawo nezviya zvefibromyalgia, iyo inozivikanwawo sokuzvimba kwetsinga. Vamwe vanotodavira kuti CFS nefibromyalgia zvingava syndrome imwe cheteyo.
Matenda mazhinji ezvirwere zvakafanana neCFS akashumwa mumakumi amakore akapfuura, mazhinjisa awo muUnited States. Asi akaitikawo muEngland, Iceland, Denmark, Germany, Australia, uye Greece. Mazita okurondedzera syndrome aiva hosha yeIceland, hosha yeAkureyri, hosha yeRoyal Free, nedzimwe.
Pamisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi zvikuru, muna 1984 vanenge vanhu 200 vomutaundi duku reIncline Village, pedyo nomuganhu weCalifornia neNevada, vakatambura nechirwere chakafanana nechikosoro icho chakapfuurira. “Taivaziva savakura vanobereka zvibereko, vanofara, vane simba,” anotsanangura kudaro Dr. Cheney, uyo akarapa vazhinji vavo. “Kamwe kamwe vakarwara uye havasati vaizonaya. Mune zvimwe zvinoitika vaidikitira zvikuru kwazvo usiku zvokuti vakwanyina vavo vaitofanira kumuka ndokuchinja mashiti omubhedha.”
Vamwe nomutoo wokuzvidza vanoidza iri denda rechirwere paIncline Village kuti chikosoro cheYuppie, sezvo vanhu vane upenyu hwapakati napakati, vanhu vaduku vane upenyu huri kubudirira vakanga vatapurwa zvikurukuru. Kwakafungwa kuti varwere vangatambura nemutsarara wakakomba, asi kunzverwa kwehosha iyeyo kwakasanoratidzira utachiona nokuda kwavazhinji vavo. Zvisinei, kunzverwa kweropa kwakaratidzira mwero yakakwirira yezvinoparadza utachiona kuutachiona hweEpstein-Barr, rudzi rweherpesvirus. Nokudaro, kwenhambo yakati kuti yenguva, chirwere chacho chaiwanzozivikanwa sechronic Epstein-Barr.
Chirwere Chinozivikanwa
Apo Dr. Cheney akashuma kuCDC chakanga chichiitika muIncline Village, chivimbo chiduku chakapiwa pakutanga kumushumo wake. Asi kubva mumativi akasiana enyika, mishumo yezvinetso zvakafanana zvoutano yakagamuchirwa nokukurumidza.
Mukufambira mberi kwenguva, nzvero dzakaratidzira kuti utachiona hweEpstein-Barr hwakanga husati huri chisakiso muzvinoitika zvizhinjisa. Chaizvoizvo, uhu utachiona huripo muinenge 95 muzana yechiverengero chavagari vapasi vakura. Hurimo hwakavandika mukati memiviri yavanhu. “Pahunonyandurwa,” chiremba anonzvera CFS akatsanangura kuti, “hungaparira hoshayo.” Asi husati huchidaro hahwo.
Kunzvera kwakawanda kuri kuitwa kuti kuwanwe zvisakiso zveCFS. Somuuyo, vanachiremba vakawanda vari kubvuma kuti chinetso chaicho chokurapa chiri kutapura zvimwe mamirioni avanhu. Dr. Walter Wilson, mukuru mukuru wehosha dzechihure wapaMayo Clinic muRochester, Minnesota, U.S.A., akataura kuti akachinja chimiro chake. Achiona vazhinji kwazvo vanotsvaka betsero pandyiko hurusa yemari, anoti, “unotofanira kuvarapa nomutoo woruremekedzo nokuda kwechavari kutambura nacho.”
Nomutoo wakajeka, upenyu hwakawanda huri kuparadzwa nechirwere chine zviratidzo zvakafanana zvinotapura vanhu vazhinji. CDC inogamuchira zviuru zvorunhare pamusoro pomugariro mwedzi uri wose, uye AIDS bedzi inoparira kubvunza kwakawanda National Institutes of Health yeU.S. “Chimwe chinhu chiri kuitika,” akatsanangura kudaro Dr. Walter Gunn, uyo akanga achitarisira kunzverwa kweCFS paCDC pamberi pokurega basa kwake kwemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi. “Asi kana iri hosha imwe kana kuti dzinoverengeka, chisakiso chimwe kana kuti zvakawanda, hakuna kujeka.”
Vamwe vanodavira kuti CFS chinetso chikuru chendangariro. American Journal of Psychiatry yaDecember 1991 yakati: “Vanyori vanotaura kuti chronic fatigue syndrome ichava nechinoitika chakafanana namarwadzo etsinga dzose dzomuviri—kuderera mumukurumbira sezvakunoratidzirwa kuti voruzhinji vavatamburi vayo vari kutambura vhiringidziko huru dzendangariro.” Uye bhuku idzva, From Paralysis to Fatigue, rinoratidzira CFS se“hosha iri kukurumbira munguva yazvino uno,” kuratidzira kuti haisati ichizobvumikisa kuva chirwere chinokosha.
CFS zvikurukuru chinetso chendangariro here? Ko zviratidzo zvinoparirwa nokupera mwoyo here? CFS ihosha chaiyoiyo here?