‘Uzane ya mizingo y’ibitabu, canecane iyo mu nsato’

INTUMWA Paulo akoresheje ayo majambo ari aho haruguru, yarahimirije umumisiyonari mugenziwe Timoteyo ngo amuzanire ibintu vyanditse bimwebimwe. None Paulo yariko aravuga imizingo y’ibitabu n’insato bwoko ki? Ni igiki catumye avuga ayo majambo? Kandi dushobora kwigira iki kuri ico kintu yasavye?

Ikinjana ca mbere G.C. kigeze hagati, igihe Paulo yandika ayo majambo, vya bitabu 39 bigize Ivyanditswe vy’igiheburayo vyari vyaragabuwemwo ibitabu 22 canke 24, vyinshi muri vyo bikaba bishoboka rwose ko vyari mu mizingo y’ibitabu itandukanye. Porofeseri Alan Millard yavuze yuko naho iyo mizingo y’ibitabu yari izimvye, ‘abantu badatunze cane bashobora kuyironsa.’ Bamwebamwe barashobora kuronka n’imiburiburi umwe muri yo. Nk’akarorero, ya nkone y’Umunyetiyopiya yari ifise umuzingo w’igitabu mu mukogote wayo ikaba “[y]ariko [ira]soma n’ijwi ryumvikana ivyanditswe n’umuhanuzi Yesaya.” Yari “umuntu w’ububasha yakorera Kanidake umwamikazi w’Abanyetiyopiya, akaba kandi ari we yari ashinzwe itunga ryiwe ryose.” Ategerezwa kuba yari atunze bihagije ku buryo yari afise ibihimba binaka vy’Ivyanditswe.​​—⁠Ivyak. 8:27, 28.

Paulo yaragize ico asavye Timoteyo mu kwandika ati: “Niwaza, uzane ca gikwemu nasigira Karupo i Tirowa, na ya mizingo y’ibitabu, canecane iyo mu nsato.” (2 Tim. 4:​13) Ivyo bishaka kwerekana yuko Paulo yari atunze ibitabu bitari bike. Mu bitabu vyose yari atunze nta na kimwe cari gihambaye kuruta Ijambo ry’Imana. Ku vyerekeye ijambo “insato” riri muri uwo murongo, incabwenge mu vya Bibiliya yitwa A. T. Robertson yavuze iti: “Izo nsato zishobora kuba canecane zari amakopi y’ibitabu vy’Isezerano rya kera, zikaba zari zizimvye kurusha inkorogoto.” Kuva Paulo akiri umuyabaga, “[y]igishirijwe . . . imbere y’ibirenge vya Gamaliyeli,” uno akaba yarigisha Itegeko rya Musa akaba kandi yarubahwa cane n’abantu bose. Kuba rero Paulo yari kuronka imizingo y’ibitabu yiwe bwite y’Ijambo ry’Imana, ni ikintu cumvikana.​​—⁠Ivyak. 5:​34; 22:3.

Ingene abakirisu bakoresha imizingo y’ibitabu

Ariko rero, ababa batunze imizingo y’ibitabu y’Ivyanditswe Vyeranda wasanga bari ku rushi. None benshi mu bakirisu bariho ico gihe baronka gute Ijambo ry’Imana? Ikete Paulo yari yarandikiye Timoteyo imbere y’aho, riradufasha kuronka inyishu y’ico kibazo. Yanditse ati: “Mu gihe ntaraza, ubandanye kwijukira ugusomera imbere y’abantu.” (1 Tim. 4:​13) Gusomera imbere y’abantu cari kimwe mu bintu ishengero rya gikirisu ryagira igihe ryaba rikoraniye hamwe, kikaba kandi ari ikintu cakunda kugirwa mu basavyi b’Imana kuva mu gihe ca Musa.​​—⁠Ivyak. 13:​15; 15:​21; 2 Kor. 3:​15.

Kubera ko Timoteyo yari umukurambere, yategerezwa ‘kwijukira’ gusoma n’ijwi ryumvikana, ivyo bikaba vyari kugirira akamaro abatari batunze amakopi y’Ivyanditswe. Nta gukeka yuko mu gihe Ijambo ry’Imana ryaba ririko rirasomerwa imbere y’abantu, bose bumviriza bitonze kugira ngo ntihagire akantu na kamwe kabacika; vyongeye, abavyeyi n’abana bategerezwa kuba baraganirira i muhira ivyaba vyasomwe ku makoraniro.

Wa muzingo wo ku Kiyaga c’Umunyu wa Yesaya uzwi cane, ureha n’imetero zishika 7,3. Kubera yuko ku mpera zompi z’umuzingo haba hari inkoni kandi akenshi ukaba ufise igipfukisho co kuwukingira, wasanga uremereye. Birashoboka yuko abakirisu benshi batashobora kwitwaza imizingo myinshi mu ndimiro. Naho Paulo yari afise imizingo y’ibitabu imwimwe y’Ivyanditswe yakoresha, birashoboka yuko atitwaza imizingo yose yari afise igihe yaba ari ku rugendo. Biragaragara yuko hari iyo yasigiye umugenzi wiwe Karupo i Tirowa.

Dushobora kwigira iki ku karorero ka Paulo?

Imbere gato y’uko asaba kirya kintu, Paulo, uwari apfungiwe i Roma ubugira kabiri, yanditse ati: “Nararwanye ya ndwano nziza, narirutse mw’isiganwa kugeza kw’iherezo . . . Kuva ubu, mbikiwe urugori rw’ubugororotsi.” (2 Tim. 4:​7, 8) Birashoboka ko yanditse ayo majambo nko mu 65 G.C. igihe Nero yariko arahama abakirisu. Ico gihe ukwo gupfungwa kwatuma amererwa nabi cane. Nkako, yarabona yuko yari mu kwicwa. (2 Tim. 1:​16; 4:6) Ni co gituma Paulo yaseruye icipfuzo gikomeye yari afise co kwiyegereza imizingo y’ibitabu yiwe. Naho yari yizigiye ko yari yararwanye ya ndwano nziza gushika kw’iherezo, yari ashashaye kubandanya yikomeza mu kwiga Ijambo ry’Imana.

Birashoboka ko Timoteyo yari akiri i Efeso igihe Paulo yamusaba ca kintu. (1 Tim. 1:3) Kuva i Efeso gushika i Roma uciye i Tirowa hari nk’ibilometero 1.600. Muri iryo kete nyene, Paulo yahimirije Timoteyo ati: “Ukore uko ushoboye kwose ushike imbere y’urushana.” (2 Tim. 4:​21) Bibiliya ntihishura yuko Timoteyo yoba yararonse ubwato bumushikana i Roma ku gihe Paulo yipfuza.

Dushobora kwigira iki ku kuba Paulo yarasavye “imizingo y’ibitabu, canecane iyo mu nsato”? Yagumye acambirwa Ijambo ry’Imana muri ico kiringo c’ubuzima bwiwe cari giteye umubabaro kuruta ibindi vyose. Ntubona none yuko ivyo ari vyo vyamufashije kuguma akomeye mu vy’impwemu kandi afise umwete, bikongera bikamufasha kuremesha benshi?

Ese ukuntu twahezagiwe nimba twifitiye Bibiliya ikwiye muri iki gihe! Bamwebamwe muri twebwe usanga mbere bafise Bibiliya zitandukanye zitari nke. Nka kumwe kwa Paulo, turakeneye gutsimbataza icipfuzo gikomeye co kurushiriza gutahura Ivyanditswe. Mu makete 14 Paulo yatewe agateka ko kwandika ahumekewe n’Imana, ikete rigira kabiri yandikiye Timoteyo ni ryo ryabaye irya nyuma. Ca kintu yasaba Timoteyo kiboneka amaja mu mpera z’ico gitabu. Mu vy’ukuri, ivyo Paulo yandikiye Timoteyo amwinginga ngo ‘azane ya mizingo y’ibitabu, canecane iyo mu nsato,’ ni kimwe mu vyipfuzo vya nyuma vyiwe yanditse.

Woba ufise icipfuzo gikomeye co kurwana ya ndwano nziza y’ukwizera gushika kw’iherezo, nka kumwe Paulo yabigize? Woba wipfuza kuguma ufise umwete mu vy’impwemu kandi witeguriye kugira uruhara mu gikorwa co gushinga intahe igihe cose Umukama yipfuza ko tugikora? Nimba ari ukwo biri, ubona gute ukoze ivyo Paulo yaremesheje abakirisu kugira? “Wame wiyubara ubwawe no ku nyigisho yawe” mu kwiga Bibiliya udahorereza kandi ubishashaye, iyo na yo abantu benshi bakaba bashobora kuyironka muri iki gihe kuruta ikindi gihe cose, ikoze mu buryo iborohereza kuruta ya mizingo y’ibitabu.​​—⁠1 Tim. 4:​16.

[Ikarata/Amafoto ku rup. 18, 19]

(Ushaka igisomwa cose, raba iki kinyamakuru)

Efeso

Tirowa

Roma