Ishimikiro Nyakuri ry’Ukutihebura Muri Iki Gihe

UMUTOHOJI w’ivya kahise n’imibano, G. Wells, uwavutse mu 1866, yaragize akosho gakomeye ku kwiyumvira kwo mu kinjana ca 20. Biciye mu vyo yanditse, yarasiguye cane ukujijuka afise kw’uko ya milenari ivugwa izohurirana n’iterambere rikomeye ry’ivya siyansi. Gutyo, igitabu Collier’s Encyclopedia kiribukiriza “ukutihebura kugera kure” Wells yari afise igihe yakora yiva inyuma kugirango ateze imbere iciyumviro ciwe. Ariko kiravuga kandi yuko ukutihebura kwiwe kwasenyaguritse igihe Intambara ya II y’Isi Yose yaduka.

Aho Wells atahuriye ko “siyansi yoshoboye gukora ku bw’inabi no ku bw’ineza, ukwizera yari afise kwaramuvuyemwo, arahava aja mu kwihebura,” ivyo bikavugwa n’igitabu Chambers’s Biographical Dictionary. Ni kuki ivyo vyashitse?

Ukwizera n’ukutihebura Wells yari afise vyari bishimikiye gusa ku vyo abantu bashitseko. Aho atahuriye ko abantu batari bashoboye gushikira iyo Ndoto yiwe, nta handi na hamwe yari bute imitwe. Ukuvunika umutima ntikwatevye kuvamwo ukwihebura.

Muri iki gihe, abantu benshi usanga bashikirwa n’ibintu bimwe bitewe n’impamvu imwe. Usanga babogaboga ukutihebura igihe bakiri bato, ariko uko bakura bakagenda bihebura bimwe bica inkokora. Hariho mbere n’abakiri bato baheba icitwa ubuzima busanzwe hanyuma bakigīra mu kunywa ibiyayuramutwe, mu buhumbu, no mu bundi buryo bwo kubaho bwonona. None umuti ni uwuhe? Rimbura uburorero bukurikira bwo mu bihe vya Bibiliya, hanyuma urabe ishimikiro rihari ryotuma utihebura—irya kera, iry’ubu, n’irya kazoza.

Ukutihebura kwa Aburahamu Kwaratangiwe Impera

Mu mwaka w’1943 B.G.C., Aburahamu yarimutse ava i Harani ajabuka Uruzi Efurate, hanyuma yinjira mu gihugu c’i Kanani. Aburahamu yavuzwe ko yari “sekuruza w’abizera bose,” kandi ese akarorero keza yatanze!—Abaroma 4:11.

Aburahamu yaherekejwe na Loti, umuhungu w’impfuvyi wa mwenewabo, hamwe n’umuryango wa Loti. Mu nyuma, igihe haduka inzara mu gihugu, iyo miryango ibiri yarimukiye mu Misiri, hanyuma igihe kigeze iragarukana. Ico gihe Aburahamu na Loti bompi bari bararundanije ubutunzi bwinshi, hamwe n’amasho n’imikuku. Igihe amatati yavyuka hagati y’abungere babo, Aburahamu yaribwirije, avuga ati: “Ndakwinginze, hoye kuba intonganya hagati yanje nawe, no hagati y’abungere banje n’abawe, kuko tuvukana. Ereg’igihugu cose kir’imbere yawe! Ndakwinginze ngo duhāne inta: ni wahitamwo kuja i bumoso nanje ndaja i buryo; ni waja i buryo ndaja i bumoso.”—Itanguriro 13:8, 9.

Aburahamu, kubera ko ari we yari mukuru, yari kuyobora ibintu mu buryo bumwungura, Loti na we kubera ukwubaha sewabo yari kurekera Aburahamu agacagura. Yamara ahubwo, “Loti yunamura amaso, yitegereza ikiyaya cose co kuri Yorodani, abona ko har’ibigera vy’amazi hose. Uhoraho atararandura Sodomu na Gomora, ico kiyaya cari kimeze nka rya tongo ry’Uhoraho, canke nk’igihugu ca Egiputa ugiye werekeye i Sowari. Nuko Loti ahitamw’ico kiyaya cose co kuri Yorodani.” Loti kubera ko yari acaguye mwen’ukwo, yari afise impamvu zihagije z’ukutihebura. Ariko none Aburahamu we bite?—Itanguriro 13:10, 11.

None Aburahamu aho yoba yari yiyahukije, agatuma ukumererwa neza kw’umuryango wiwe kuja mw irinde? Oya. Inyifato ya Aburahamu y’ukutihebura hamwe n’agatima yari afise k’ugutanga atitangiriye itama vyaramuhesheje inyungu nyinshi. Yehova yabwiye Aburahamu ati: “Unamura amaso yawe, uhēre ah’uhagaze aho, witegereze i burārūko n’i bumanuko n’i burasirazuba n’i burengerazuba: iki gihugu cose ubonye ni wewe nzogiha, n’uru[buto] rwawe, gushitsa ibihe vyose.”—Itanguriro 13:14, 15.

Ukutihebura kwa Aburahamu kwari gufise ishimikiro nyakuri. Kwari gushingiye ku muhango Imana yamuhaye w’uko yokuye muri Aburahamu ihanga rikomeye ku buryo ‘imiryango yose yo mw isi [yo]kwihesheje umugisha biciye muri [Aburahamu].’ (Itanguriro 12:2-4, 7) Na twebwe nyene turafise impamvu zotuma twizigira tudakeka, tuzi yuko “ku bakunda Imana vyose bifataniriza hamwe kubazanira ivyiza.”—Abaroma 8:28.

Abatasi Babiri Batihebura

Haciye imyaka irenga 400, ihanga rya Isirayeli ryari ryiteguye kwinjira i Kanani, “igihugu gitemba amata n’ubuki.” (Kuvayo 3:8; Gusubira mu Vyagezwe 6:3) Musa yatumye abakuru 12 ngo baje ‘gutata ico gihugu, bagaruke kubabarira inzira bodugana, n’ibisagara bazoshikirak’uko bimeze.’ (Gusubira mu Vyagezwe 1:22; Guharūra 13:2) Abo batasi 12 bose barahuje mu kuntu badondoye ubutunzi bw’ico gihugu, ariko cumi muri bo batanze raporo yatumye abantu bihebura, ibatera ubwoba mu mitima.—Guharūra 13:31-33.

Yosuwa na Kalebu bobo bashikirije abantu ubutumwa burangwa ukutihebura, kandi barakora uko bashoboye kwose kugira babahumurize. Agatima bari bafise hamwe na raporo batanze vyaragaragaje ko bizigiye rwose ubushobozi Yehova afise bwo gusohoza ijambo yari yaravuze ryo kubasubiza mu Gihugu c’Isezerano—ariko nta co vyavuyemwo. Ahubwo, “ishengero ryose riraheza rivuga ko babicisha amabuye.”—Guharūra 13:30; 14:6-10.

Musa yahimirije abantu kwizigira Yehova, ariko baranse kwumva. Kubera ko bagumanye agatima kabo ko kwihebura, ihanga ryose ryabwirijwe kuyerera imyaka 40 mu bugaragwa. Muri ba batasi 12, Yosuwa na Kalebu bonyene ni bo bironkeye impera ziva ku kutihebura. Ingorane y’ishimikiro yari iyihe? Ukubura ukwizera, kuko abantu bahanga amaso ubwenge bwabo bwite.—Guharūra 14:26-30; Abaheburayo 3:7-12.

Ukudashikama kwa Yona

Yona yabayeho mu kinjana c’icenda B.G.C. Bibiliya yerekana ko yari umuhanuzi w’umwizerwa wa Yehova yatumwe ku bwami bwa Isirayeli bwari bugizwe n’imiryango cumi, igihe kinaka ku ngoma ya Yerobowamu wa II. Yamara yaranse kwemera inshingwano yo kuja i Ninewe gutanga imburizi ku bantu. Umutohoji w’ivya kahise Josèphe avuga ko Yona “yiyumviriye ko ari vyiza kwiyirukira” riho akigira i Yopa. Aho ni ho yuririye ubwato buja i Tarushishi, ngirango muri Esupanye y’ubu. (Yona 1:1-3) Icatumye Yona abona ico gikorwa yari ashinzwe mu buryo nk’ubwo bw’ukwihebura kirasiguwe muri Yona 4:2.

Yona yahavuye yemera kurangura ico yari yashinzwe, ariko yarashavuye igihe abantu b’i Ninewe bihana. Niho Yehova yamuha icigwa ciza cerekeye imbabazi, mu gutuma ikibonobono Yona yari yugamye munsi gikabirana kigapfa. (Yona 4:1-8) Inyiyumvo z’intuntu Yona yagize aho ico giterwa kimariye gupfa, vyari kuba vyiza rwose azigiriye nya bantu 120 000 b’i Ninewe “[batari bazi] gutandukanya ukuryo n’ukumoso.”—Yona 4:11.

Ni igiki dushobora kwigira ku vyashikiye Yona? Ubusuku bweranda ntibujana n’ukwihebura. Igihe tubona ko Yehova atuyoboye kandi tugakurikira dufise ukwizigira kutagira agahaze, tuzokwererwa.—Imigani 3:5, 6.

Ukutihebura Hagati mu Vyago

Umwami Dawidi yavuze ati, “Ntugahagarikwe umutima n’inkozi z’ibibi, kandi ntukagirire ishari abakora ivy’ukugabitanya.” (Zaburi 37:1) Vy’ukuri iyo ni impanuro y’ubwenge, kuko muri iki gihe akarenganyo n’ubugunge bidukikije hose.—Umusiguzi 8:11.

Ariko naho tutogirira inzigo abanyakibi, kwumva tubabaye biroroshe igihe tubona abantu ata kibi bakora bacumukuzwa n’abanyakibi, canke igihe twebwe ubwacu dukorewe ivy’akarenganyo. Ibintu nk’ivyo vyoshobora mbere gutuma agatima k’ukwiyanka canke kwihebura kadutsimbataramwo. Iyo twumva tumerewe dutyo, dukwiye kugira iki? Ubwa mbere, dushobora kugumiza mu bwenge yuko abanyakibi badashobora kwirya akara ngo igihano ntikizokwigera kiza. Zaburi ya 37 ikomeza idusubiriza umutima mu nda ku murongo wa 2 iti: “[Abanyakibi] bazotemwa vuba nk’ubgatsi, bazokwuma nk’ukw imboga zitotahaye zuma.”

Vyongeye, turashobora kubandanya gukora iciza, tukaguma dufise ukutihebura, kandi tukarindira Yehova. Umwanditsi wa zaburi abandanya agira ati: “Tandukana n’ibibi, ukore ivyiza, ubone kwamaho. Uhoraho akunda imanza ziroranye, ntaheba abakunzi biwe.”—Zaburi 37:27, 28.

Ukutihebura Nyakuri Kuratsinda!

None kazoza kacu ko bite? Igitabu ca Bibiliya c’Ivyahishuriwe Yohani kiratubwira ivy’ “ibigira bibeho vuba.” Muri vyo, harimwo ifarasi y’akagajo igereranya intambara, ihishurwa ko “[i]kūra amahoro mw isi.”—Ivyahishuriwe 1:1; 6:4.

Iciyumviro cakundwa na benshi cari mu Bwongereza mu gihe c’Intambara ya I y’Isi Yose kikaba kandi carimwo ukutihebura, cari ic’uko ngo yobaye ari yo ntambara ya nyuma nini. Mu 1916, David Lloyd George, umutegetsi umwe wo mu Bwongereza, yararushirijeho kubivuga nk’uko vyari vyitezwe. Yavuze ati: “Iyi ntambara, cokimwe n’intambara izokurikira, eka ni intambara yo kurangiza intambara.” (Ni twe duhiritse izo ndome.) Ntiyabeshe. Intambara ya II y’Isi Yose ico yakoze kwabaye ukwongerereza ihingurwa ry’ubuhinga bubi bwo kwica abantu ikivunga. Inyuma y’imyaka irenga 50, n’ubu nta kurangira kw’intambara guhaye kuraboneka.

Muri ico gitabu nyene c’Ivyahiruriwe Yohani, tuhasoma ivy’abandi bantu bagendera ku mafarasi—bagereranya amapfa, indwara z’ikiza, n’urupfu. (Ivyahishuriwe 6:5-8) Ivyo ni iyindi mice ya ca kimenyetso kiranga ibihe.—Matayo 24:3-8.

Izo zoba ari impamvu z’ukugira umutima w’ukwihebura? Habe namba, kuko iryo yerekwa ridondora kandi “ifarasi y’igitare, kand’ūyicayeko yar’afise umuheto, ahabga igitsibo, agenda anesha, kandi ngo yame anesha.” (Ivyahishuriwe 6:2) Hano turabona Yezu Kirisitu Umwami wo mw ijuru akuraho ubukozi bw’ikibi bwose, agendera kw ifarasi ngo asasagaze amahoro n’ubwumvikane kw isi yose.a

Nk’uko yari we Mwami-Mugenwa, Yezu Kirisitu igihe yari kw isi yarigishije abigishwa biwe gusenga basaba ubwo Bwami. Kumbure na wewe warigishijwe kuvuga “Dawe wa Twese,” ari ryo sengesho ry’Umukama. Muri iryo dusenga dusaba ko Ubwami bw’Imana buza, ivyo igomba bikarangurwa hano kw isi nk’uko birangurwa mw ijuru.—Matayo 6:9-13.

Aho kugerageza kunagura uru runkwekwe rw’ibintu, Yehova azokora abicishije ku Mwami wa kimesiya wiwe, Kirisitu Yezu, arukureho ubutagisubira kubaho. Aharwo, Yehova avuga ati: “Ndarema ijuru risha n’isi nsha; ivya mbere ntibizokwibukwa, kandi ntibizoruha vyiyumvirwa.” Mu gihe c’intwaro y’Ubwami bw’ijuru, isi izohinduka ahantu abantu baba harangwa amahoro, h’agahimbare, aho ubuzima n’akazi bizoba ari umunezero udacika. Yehova avuga ati: “Muze muhore muhimbawe n’ivyo ndema; . . . abo nitoranirije bazoshitsa igihe kirekire banezererwa igikorwa c’amaboko yabo.” (Yesaya 65:17-22) Icizigiro cawe ca kazoza niwagishingira kuri uwo muhango udashobora gupfuba, uzogira impamvu zihagije zo kuba uwutihebura—ubu no mu bihe bidashira!

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H. G. Wells

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Corbis-Bettmann