Indwara yateye ubwoba abantu kuruta izindi zose zo mu kinjana ca 19 — ICEGERANYO C'IBITABU CO KURI INTERNET ca Watchtower

Indwara yateye ubwoba abantu kuruta izindi zose zo mu kinjana ca 19

Hari mu mwaka wa 1854, igisagara ca Londres kikaba cariko kirakubagurwa n’ikindi kiza ca kolera, ino ikaba ari indwara ifatira mu mara ituma umuntu acibwamwo cane akongera agakama amazi mu mubiri. Iyo ndwara yafata abantu bukumbi. Abantu benshi baba bavyutse bakomeye, wasanga bapfa ku mugoroba. Nta muti wo kuyivura wariho.

NI YO ndwara yateye ubwoba abantu kuruta izindi zose zo muri ico kinjana, kandi nta muntu yamenya icayitera. Hari abiyumvira ko umuntu yandura kolera biciye mu guhema utumoto tubi twaba tuvuye ku bintu vyaboze. Ivyo abo bantu biyumvira vyarumvikana kubera ko Uruzi Tamise, runo rukaba rwaca mu gisagara ca Londres, rwavamwo akamoto kabi. Ako kamoto koba none ari ko katera iyo ndwara?

Imyaka itanu imbere y’aho, umuganga umwe yitwa John Snow yari yaratanze iciyumviro c’uko kolera itaterwa n’impemu zanduye, ahubwo ko yaterwa n’amazi yanduye. Uwundi muganga yitwa William Budd yiyumvira ko iyo ndwara yaterwa n’ikinyabuzima kimeze nk’ikizinu.

Igihe iyo ndwara yatera mu 1854, Snow yaragerageje kuraba yuko iciyumviro ciwe cari co mu kwiga ubuzima bw’abari bafashwe na kolera bo mu ntara ya Soho, i Londres. Yaribajije ati: ‘Ni igiki bahuriyeko?’ Iryo tohoza Snow yagize ryatumye yubura ikintu gitangaje. Abantu bose bo muri iyo ntara bari bafashwe n’iyo ndwara, bari bavomye amazi yo kunywa kw’ibomba rimwe, kandi ayo mazi yari yandujwe n’amazi y’umwanda yava mu mazu, iyo myanda na yo ikaba yarimwo umugera wa kolera!a

Muri uwo mwaka nyene hari ikindi kintu c’intibagirwa cashitsweko mu bijanye n’ubuvuzi, igihe umuhinga w’Umutaliyano yitwa Filippo Pacini yasohora ikiganiro kivuga ibijanye n’ikinyabuzima catera kolera. Ariko rero abantu ntibemeye vyinshi mu vyo yashitseko muri ubwo bushakashatsi, cokimwe n’ivyo Snow na Budd bubuye. Kolera yarabandanije kwiha inkumbi gushika mu 1858.

“Akanuko gakomeye”

Inama nshingamateka yari yaratevye gushiraho ubuhinga bushasha bwo gutwara amazi y’umwanda yava mu mazu kugira ngo rwa Ruzi Tamise rusukurwe, mugabo ubushuhe bukomeye bwo mu ci ryo mu 1858 bwatumye igira ico ikoze vyanse bikunze. Akanuko kava muri urwo ruzi rwaca iruhande y’inzu Inama nshingamateka yagiriramwo amanama kari gakomeye cane ku buryo vyabaye ngombwa ko abo banyapolitike bamanika ku madirisha y’iyo nzu amarido arimwo imiti yica imikorobe barondera kugabanya ako kanuko. Ako kanuko, akahavuye kitwa Akanuko gakomeye, katumye Inama nshingamateka igira ico ikoze. Mu misi 18, yaciye itanga itegeko ryo gushiraho ubuhinga bushasha bwo gutwara amazi y’umwanda yava mu mazu.

Harubatswe ibiringoti amahero kugira ngo bize birakira amazi y’umwanda avuye mu mazu atarashika muri rwa ruzi maze bigaca biyatwara mu buseruko bwa Londres, aho yaheza akisuka mu kiyaga igihe amazi yaco yaba yuzuye. Haravuyemwo ibintu bitangaje. Aho igisagara ca Londres cose kimariye kuronka ubwo buhinga bushasha, kolera yaciye ihera.

Ico gihe rero, ivyo gukekeranya vyari vyahavuye: Kolera ntiyaterwa n’akamoto kabi ahubwo yaterwa n’amazi yanduye canke ibifungurwa vyanduye. Vyaramenyekanye kandi ko isuku ari co kintu nyamukuru umuntu yogira kugira ngo yikingire.

Itegeko ryatanzwe imbere y’igihe

Imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi imbere y’uko kolera yiha inkumbi i Londres, Musa yarayoboye ihanga rya Isirayeli arikuye mu Misiri. Naho Abisirayeli bamaze imyaka nka 40 baca mu gahinga ka Sinayi, ntibigeze bafatwa n’indwara z’ibiza nka kolera. None ivyo vyashobotse gute?

Iryo hanga ryari ryarahawe itegeko ryo kuzika umwanda mukuru ahantu hiherereye kure y’ikambi kugira ngo aho abantu baba be n’amasoko y’amazi ntivyandure. Iyo ngingo nyobozi yanditse muri Bibiliya mu Gusubira mu vyagezwe 23:12, 13, ikaba igira iti:

“Uze wame ufise ahantu hiherereye ho kwifashisha, hanze y’ikambi, abe ari ho uza uraja. Kandi uze wamane urumambo wifashisha kumwe n’ibikoresho vyawe, maze niwasutama ku gahinga ngo witabare, uze urwimbishe ikinogo hanyuma uhindukire upfuke umwanda wawe mukuru.”

Iryo tegeko risanzwe, ryarakingira Abisirayeli indwara zafata amahanga yari abakikuje. Ibikorwa bijanye n’isuku nk’ivyo vyarakingiye abantu no mu bihe vya vuba.b Rimbura akarorero.

‘Ntitwigeze duterwa n’ikiza’

Mu myaka ya 1970, uruhamo rukomeye rwatumye benshi mu Vyabona vya Yehova bava muri Malawi. Bahungiye mu gihugu kibanyi ca Mozambike, aho abantu barenga 30.000 bagizwe n’abagabo, abagore n’abana baba mu makambi icumi y’impunzi. Nk’uko bisanzwe bizwi, mu makambi y’impunzi harakunda gutera indwara zituruka ku mazi mabi. Ni igiki none catumye ivyo Vyabona bavyifatamwo neza muri ivyo bihe?

Uwitwa Lemon Kabwazi, ari kumwe n’abandi 17.000, baba mw’ikambi rinini kuruta ayandi ryari i Mlangeni. Yigana ivyo yibuka ati: “Iryo kambi ryaguma risukuye umwanya wose. Hari harimbwe imisarani hanze y’ikambi, kandi nta muntu n’umwe yari arekuriwe kwimba umusarani wiwe mw’ikambi. N’ibinogo vyo gutamwo imicafu vyari vyarimbwe kure y’ikambi. Abakora bavyishakiye baritwararika imice yose ijanye n’isuku, harimwo no kwitwararika ivyo gusukura amazi yava mu mariba yari yarimbwe hanze y’ikambi. Naho twaba ng’aho turi benshi cane, twarisunga ingingo mfatirwako zo muri Bibiliya zerekeye isuku, ari co gituma tutigeze duterwa n’ikiza, kandi nta n’umwe yigeze afatwa na kolera.”

Ikibabaje ni uko mu mihingo imwimwe yo kw’isi, usanga mu mihana hatari mwene bwa buhinga bwo gutwara amazi y’umwanda ava mu mazu. Indwara zituruka ku mwanda mukuru zirahitana abana nka 5.000 buri musi.

Naho umuntu ashobora kwikingira kolera be n’izindi ndwara nk’izo kandi utwigoro agira mu bijanye n’isuku tukaba twaravuyemwo ibintu bihambaye, Bibiliya iratanga icizigiro c’uko vuba indwara zose zizokurwaho. Mu Vyahishuwe 21:4 havuga yuko igihe Ubwami bw’Imana buzoba buriko buraganza, “urupfu [ruta]zoba rukiriho, eka n’ikigandaro canke amaborogo canke ububabare ntibizoba bikiriho.” Bibiliya isezerana yuko ico gihe “[a]ta wuhaba azovuga ngo: ‘Ndarwaye.’”—Yesaya 33:24.

Nimba wipfuza kumenya vyinshi ku bijanye n’ico Ubwami bw’Imana buzokorera abantu, raba ikigabane ca 3 n’ica 8 mu gitabu Mu vy’ukuri Bibiliya yigisha iki? casohowe n’Ivyabona vya Yehova.

[Utujambo tw’epfo]

a Naho kuva mu 1854 utuzu twa surwumwe tw’ikizungu twari twaramaze gushirwaho, ubuhinga bwa kera bwakoreshwa mu gutwara amazi y’umwanda yava mu mazu bwaratuma umwanda mukuru uja mu miringoti maze ukisuka mu Ruzi Tamise, runo rukaba ari rwo ahanini rwavamwo amazi yo kunywa.

b Kubera yuko kolera iterwa n’ibifungurwa canke amazi vyanduye, ikintu nyamukuru cofasha umuntu kuyikingira ni ukwiyubara cane ku bijanye n’ikintu cose kija mu kanwa. Kwica imikorobe iri mu mazi no guteka ibifungurwa bigasha neza ni ibintu bihambaye umuntu yokora kugira yikingire.

[Iciyumviro nyamukuru ku rup. 13]

Uruzi Tamise rwaca mu gisagara ca Londres kandi rwari rwarandujwe n’amazi y’umwanda yarimwo umugera wa kolera yava mu mazu, rukaba rwerekanwa mu bicapo vyinshi vyo muri ico gihe

[Ifoto ku rup. 14]

Abantu barenga 30.000 bagizwe n’abagabo, abagore n’abana baba mu makambi cumi y’impunzi muri Mozambike, ano akaba yaguma asukuye umwanya wose

[Abo dukesha ifoto ku rup. 12]