Inkolo—Kungani Ingathakazelelwa?
“UMUNTU ongenankolo ufana nendlu engenamawindi.” Leyo indlela indoda engumJapane eyabonisa ngayo isidingo sokukhanyiselwa okungokwenkolo endodaneni yayo, uMitsuo. Nokho, uMitsuo akazange awathathe ngokungathi sína amazwi kayise. Futhi inani elandayo labantu eJapane, njenganoma yikuphi, libonakala lizizwa ngendlela efanayo. Bayaneliswa ukuba ‘izindlu ezingenamawindi’ bengenasithakazelo sokuvumela ukukhanya okungokwenkolo kukhanye ekuphileni kwabo.
Ngakho, lapho iJapane yenza Ukuhlola Kobuntu Besizwe, amaphesenti angu-69 ezakhamuzi zayo avuma ukuthi ayengazibheki njengazinikezele enkolweni. Phakathi kwentsha, isilinganiso sasiphakeme ngisho nangaphezulu. Ngokufanayo, ezweni laseThailand elake lashisekela inkolo yobuBuddha, amaphesenti angu-75 alabo abahlala ezindaweni zikamasipala awasayi emathempelini obuBuddha. ENgilandi cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezisishiyagalombili zamasonto aseSheshi aye avalwa phakathi neminyaka engu-30 edlule ngenxa yokungasetshenziswa.
Nokho, eJapane izimpawu zenkolo zisabonakala. Kodwa njengezitsha zobumba ezibizayo, zikhishwa lapho kunezenzakalo ezingavamile kuphela—njengemishado nemingcwabo. Inkolo yaziswa kakhulu ngenxa yendima yayo yokulondoloza isiko lendawo nefa lomndeni kunangokukhanyiselwa okungokomoya. Abaningi babheka inkolo njengento nje yokududuza ababuthakathaka nabakhathazekile; abaziboni ezinye izinzuzo ezingokoqobo ezingatholwa kuyo. Abanye bathi, ‘Inkolo ilungile uma unesikhathi sayo noma uzizwa unesidingo sayo, kodwa kumelwe uzethembe wena ngokwakho ukuze uphile futhi ukhokhe izikweletu.’
Yini ebangela lokhu kuntuleka kwesithakazelo? Kunganikezwa izizathu eziningi. Okokuqala, isimo esingokwenhlalo. Intsha eningi iye yathola ukuqeqeshwa okuncane okungokwenkolo noma yangakuthola kwanhlobo. Khona-ke, akumangalisi ukuthi iningi laleyo ehlala emphakathini ogcizelela ukubaluleka kokuphishekela izinto ezibonakalayo likhula libe abantu abadala abathanda izinto ezibonakalayo.
Kwamanye amazwe ukuziphatha okuhlazisayo kwabavangeli beTV abahahayo nabaziphethe kabi nabanye abaholi abavelele benkolo nakho kuye kwenza abantu bayenqaba inkolo, njengoba kwenza ukuzihilela kwenkolo ezindabeni zezombangazwe nasemizamweni yempi. Lokhu kuboniswa yilokho okwenzeka ngokuqondene nenkolo yobuShinto eJapane. “Njengoba impi [iMpi Yezwe II] yayiphela ngokwehlulwa ngoAugust 1945, izindawo zokukhulekela zobuShinto zabhekana nesimo esibucayi kakhulu,” kuphawula iEncyclopædia of the Japanese Religions. UbuShinto, obashukumisela ukushisekela impi nobathembisa ukunqoba, badumaza abantu. Ifilosofi yokuthi akekho uNkulunkulu noma uBuddha yanda ngokushesha.
Nokho, ingabe ngempela kufanele saneliswe imibono yobugovu, ebona okuseduze—yamanje kuphela? Abantu abaningi banengqondo efuna ukwazi. Bangathanda ukwazi ukuthi bavelaphi, bayaphi, kungani bephila, nokuthi bangaphila kanjani. Baphila ngethemba. Ukuyichilizela eceleni imibuzo ephathelene nokuphila, noma ukuyicindezela ngomqondo wokuthi “lezizinto aziqondakali,” akwenelisi. Ngisho noBertrand Russell ongakholelwa ebukhoneni bukaNkulunkulu wakhuluma ngokuba “nobuhlungu obungalawuleki bokulangazelela ukwazi—ukufuna okuthile okungalé kwalokho izwe elikuqukethe.” Inkolo yeqiniso ingakuqeda lokho kufuna. Kodwa kanjani? Yibuphi ubufakazi obukhona bokuthi noma iyiphi inkolo kufanelwe ithathwe ngokungathi sína kangako?