I-Albarracín—“Isidleke Sokhozi” Esihlukile
“Vakashela elinye lamadolobha amahle kakhulu eSpain, i-Albarracín.”—UJosé Martínez Ruiz, umlobi wezincwadi waseSpain obizwa nangelithi Azorín, owaphila kusukela ngo-1873-1967.
I-ALBARRACÍN yidolobha eliyingqayizivele. Yini ebangela lokho? Okokuqala nje yindawo elikuyo, kube umlando walo, bese kuba yizindawo ezinhle ezilizungezile. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, ngo-1961, uhulumeni waseSpain wamemezela ukuthi leli dolobha elincane elisesifundazweni saseTeruel liyindawo yamagugu esizwe. Ngo-2005, iqembu labameleli bezivakashi lakhetha i-Albarracín “njengelinye lamadolobha amahle kakhulu eSpain.”
Lesi sidleke esisezintabeni ezimaphakathi neSpain, i-Albarracín siyidolobha lasendulo elinezakhamuzi ezingaba yinkulungwane. Lizungezwe yizimfunda eziluhlaza eziniselwa yimifula eminingana nezintaba zokhahlamba ezibizwa ngeSierra de Albarracín.
Umthombo Wokudla Namanzi
Endulo ubuningi bezilwane zasendle endaweni yase-Albarracín babuheha izifiki, ezadweba kule migede imidwebo ebonisa ukuthi zazingabadwebi abahle nabathandi bendalo. Zadweba izinkunzi ezinkulu nezinye izilwane, ezazizipenda ngombala omhlophe otholakala kule migede kuphela. Izazi zicabanga ukuthi le migede, enemidwebo yezenzakalo zansuku zonke, yayisetshenziselwa imihlangano yezenkolo noma yemibuthano yomphakathi.
Ngisho nanamuhla zisagcwele izinyamazane, izingulube zasendle, nezinye izilwane ezincane esiqiwini esiseduze iMontes Universales. IGuadalaviar (igama lesi-Arabhu elisho “uMfula Omhlophe”) ingomunye wemifula enezinhlanzi ezimnandi eSpain.
Ngo-133 B.C.E., amaRoma anqoba izizwe zomdabu ezingamaCeltiberia futhi akha imizi eminingana esifundeni sase-Albarracín. Ekhulwini lokuqala C.E., onjiniyela bamaRoma bamba umsele (1) ongamakhilomitha angu-18 ubude. Kuthiwa ungomunye wemisebenzi yomphakathi eyinkimbinkimbi eyenziwa amaRoma eSpain. Nenkolo yamaRoma yashiya uphawu lwayo. Umfanekiso oqoshwe etsheni lethuna lamaRoma owatholakala e-Albarracín ubonisa ukuthi kwakukhulekelwa umbusi kule ndawo.
Ukuchuma Ngaphansi Kokubusa KwamaSulumane
AmaMoor ayesebusa kule ndawo ngekhulu lesishiyagalolunye, futhi kuthiwa igama elithi Albarracín livela egameni lezifiki ezingamaSulumane ama-Berber clan Banu Razin. NgeNkathi Ephakathi, amaMoor, amaJuda nalabo ababezibiza ngamaKristu babehlala ndawonye ngokuhloniphana nangokubekezelelana. Ngenxa yalokho, lena kwaba yinkathi yokuchuma okukhulu emlandweni we-Albarracín.
Ochwepheshe base-Albarracín basungula amathuluzi amahle, futhi ngokusobala nomsebenzi wezokwelapha wawuchuma lapha. Amathuluzi okuhlinza avubukulwa abonisa ukuthi odokotela abahlinzayo bakule ndawo babehlinza ngisho namehlo. I-Albarracín yaqhubeka ibuswa amaSulumane kwaze kwaba sekhulwini leshumi nambili lapho iqala ukubuswa amaRoma Katolika. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi yile nkathi kuphela okwenzeka ngayo ushintsho lwezombangazwe ngokuthula emlandweni waseSpain.
Injani i-Albarracín namuhla? Isivakashi sisengahambahamba kuleli dolobha langenkathi ephakathi, njengoba lingakabi nazo izakhiwo zesimanje.
Umbukwane Omangalisayo
Isazi sefilosofi saseSpain uJosé Ortega y Gasset (1883-1955) wachaza i-Albarracín “njengedolobha elinobuhle obubonakala phezulu eziqongweni.” Iyafaneleka le ncazelo, ngoba leli dolobha lithe chwa edwaleni elingaphezu kolwandle ngamamitha angu-1 200 futhi lizungezwe umhosha ojulile oyisivikelo. Le nqaba engokwemvelo iye yavikela leli dolobha kuwo wonke la makhulu eminyaka futhi laqanjwa ngokuthi i-Albarracín isidlaliso esisho ukuthi iSidleke Sokhozi.
Njengoba sihamba emigwaqweni emincane yakuleli dolobha egandaywe ngamatshe, isivakashi siyobona imiklamo emidala ethakazelisayo yenkathi edlule. Esinye sezibonelo ezinhle kakhulu i-Corner Balcony, iBlue House (2), iJulianeta House (3). IJulianeta House kuze kube sengathi izama ukulinganisa izimpambano zemigwaqo emibili.
Izindlu ezakhiwa ngale nkathi zakhiwe ngezingodo nosemende, izinto ezingasindi kakhulu njengetshe—okuyinto ebalulekile uma wakhe phezulu egqumeni. Amafasitela azo amancane anamakhethini kaleyisi nezinsimbi (4) kukhanga izivakashi. Ovulandi abanemipheme abenziwe ngokhuni, nezinsimbi zokungqongqoza ezingavamile, ngokuvamile eziyimifanekiso yezilwane kuyenza yehluke ngokwengeziwe.
Noma ubani onenkinga yokuphathwa yisiyezi kufanele aqaphele ukuba angabuki phansi lapho esendlini elengela eweni. Ngenxa yokuthi leli dolobha lakhiwa phezu kwedwala elinendawo encane, izakhamuzi zakha ezinye zezindlu zazo onqenqemeni lwewa.
Isigodlo samaMoor sithe chwa egqumeni elingenhla kwedolobha, lapho i-Albarracín yoqobo yayikhona. ITorre del Andador iyingxenye yodonga lokuqala olwakhiwa ama-Arabhu ngekhulu leshumi. Kamuva kwakhiwa ithempeli lamaGoth, elihlehlela emuva ekhulwini le-16, nehholo ledolobha elime njengesicathulo sehhashi, nomhubhe onamakhothamo ayisiyingi.
Kunamagugu Emvelo Kule Ndawo
Kubathandi bemvelo kunokuningi abangukubona e-Albarracín. Ukhahlamba lugcwele izinto eziningi zemvelo, izimbali nezilwane. Kunemithombo nezimpophoma ezintabeni ezinamahlathi. Abantu abathanda ukuhlala ematendeni endle bangajabulela isibhakabhaka esigcwele izinkanyezi.
Kunemikhaya eminingi yoFakazi BakaJehova kule ndawo. Ubuhle bendawo ebazungezile bubakhumbuza isithembiso seBhayibheli sokuthi ngaphansi koMbuso kaNkulunkulu abantu abalalelayo bayohlala emhlabeni oyipharadesi. Yizo lezi zindaba ezinhle abalwela ukuzihlanganyela nomakhelwane babo.—IHubo 98:7-9; Mathewu 24:14.
Unyaka ngamunye izivakashi ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyikhulu zihamba emigwaqweni emincane yase-Albarracín. Uma useSpain, kungani ungavakasheli lesi “sidleke sokhozi” esiyingqayizivele esifihleke ezintabeni?
[Ibhokisi/Izithombe ekhasini 18]
KUTHOLAKALE AMAGUGU OBUCIKO E-ALBARRACÍN
Ujeke wamafutha oyisiliva. Inkosi yamaMoor u-Abdelmelic yayiwenzele umkayo uZahr, ngesi-Arabhu okusho ukuthi “Imbali.” Umbhalo oyigolide oqoshwe kulo jeke unengxenye ethi: “Isibusiso esingapheli . . . , usizo lwaphezulu, nesiqondiso ekulungeni nasekwahluleleni.” Lo jeke ubhekwa njengelinye lamagugu esiliva obuciko amahle kakhulu amaHispano-Arabic.
Inhlanzi eqoshwe etsheni lekristalu. Le nhlanzi ihlotshiswe ngamazenga futhi inomlomo wesiliva nezimpiko zegolide. Ihlotshiswe nangamaparele namarubi. Le nhlanzi yenziwe ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi kangangokuba ochwepheshe bathi akunakwenzeka ukuthi yenziwa futhi yaqedwa umuntu oyedwa phakathi nenkathi yakhe yokuphila.
[Ibalazwe ekhasini 16]
(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)
PORTUGAL
SPAIN
MADRID
Albarracín
[Isithombe ekhasini 17]
1 Umsele
[Izithombe ekhasini 18]
2 IBlue House
3 IJulianeta House
4 Izinsimbi
[Umthombo Wesithombe ekhasini 17]
© Ioseba Egibar/age fotostock