Lapho Inhlanzi Ikugulisa

NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA! EFIJI

U-Arebonto wayezibuza ukuthi kufanele adle yini noma cha. Wayeyazi ingozi, kodwa wayesefile indlala. Inhlanzi eyosiwe nayo yayinuka kamnandi. Wanqotshwa ukuhala. Kodwa ngokushesha nje waba nesicanucanu walunywa yisisu waqala ukubuyisa futhi wahanjiswa isisu, okwamenza wazisola ngokudla inhlanzi.

NGESIKHATHI abangane baka-Arebonto bemphuthumisa esibhedlela esiqhinganeni sakubo esisePacific, wayesequlekile, ephelelwe amanzi emzimbeni futhi isifuba sibuhlungu, umfutho wegazi wawuphansi ngendlela eyingozi nenhliziyo ishayela phansi. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezalandela, ngaphandle nje kokuthi wayephethwe ikhanda, enesiyezi futhi umzimba utubekile, imilenze yakhe yayindikindiki, ezwa ubuhlungu lapho echama, futhi izinzwa zakhe zidideke ngendlela eyinqaba okwakumenza azizwe egodola lapho kushisa, noma azwele ukushisa lapho kubanda. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-8 inhliziyo yakhe yaqala ukushaya kahle, kodwa kwaphela amasonto endikindiki futhi etubekile emzimbeni.

U-Arebonto wayengenwe ubuthi obunamandla futhi obutholakala ezintweni ezingokwemvelo, obuvame kakhulu ezinhlanzini ezidliwayo ezidotshwa ezixhotsheni zamakhorali. Lesi sifo, esaziwa ngokuthi i-ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), sitholakala ezindaweni ezinamahlathi emvula nezishisayo e-Indian nasePacific Ocean, kanye naseCaribbean. Kulezi zindawo, abantu badla kakhulu izinhlanzi ezidotshwa endaweni.

I-CFP ayisona isifo esisha. Empeleni, yabhuqabhuqa abahloli bamazwe baseYurophu ababehamba ngemikhumbi. Ngokufanayo, izivakashi eziningi namuhla ziye zabhekana nemiphumela yayo ethena amandla. Yingakho lesi sifo siyisithiyo kangaka embonini yokudoba neyezokuvakasha emazweni amaningi aseziqhingini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhwebelana kwamazwe omhlaba ngezinhlanzi eziphilayo neziqandisiwe ezidotshwa ezixhotsheni zamakhorali kuye kwenza i-CFP yadlulela ngalé kweZindawo Ezishisayo emazweni lapho ingaziwa khona.a

Yini eyenza izinhlanzi ezidotshwe ezixhotsheni zamakhorali zibe nobuthi? Ikhona yini indlela yokubona izinhlanzi ezinobuthi? Cabangela lokho okuye kwatholakala ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka kwenziwa ucwaningo.

Ukuthola Umnyombo Wenkinga

Igciwane okuthiwa i-dinoflagellate ngokuvamile libhekwa njengomthombo wobuthi obubangela i-CFP.b Leli gciwane liphila ngamakhorali afile futhi livame ukunamathela olwelweni. Izinhlanzi ezincane zidla lolu lwelwe kanjalo zigwinye ubuthi—okuthiwa ama-ciguatoxin—obutholakala kuma-dinoflagellate. Lezi zinhlanzi zidliwa yizinhlanzi ezinkudlwana, nazo ezidliwa ezinye, okwenza ubuthi budlulele ezintweni ezihlukahlukene eziphila ngezinye. Nokho, lobu buthi abuzilimazi izinhlanzi.

Ama-ciguatoxin aphakathi kwezinto eziphilayo okwaziwayo ukuthi zinobuthi kakhulu. Ngenhlanhla, “yizinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela zezinhlanzi okusolwa ukuthi zibangela i-CFP,” kusho iphephandaba likahulumeni wase-Australia. Ama-ciguatoxin awakushintshi ukubukeka, iphunga, noma ukunambitheka kwenhlanzi futhi awanakubulawa ngokupheka inhlanzi, ukuyomisa, ukuyifaka usawoti, ukuyosa, noma ukuyifaka izinongo zokuyithambisa. Endabeni ka-Arebonto, kwakungenalutho enhlanzini ayidla olwalungase lumxwayise ngengozi ecashile kwaze kwaba yilapho ehlaselwa ubuhlungu besisu, inhliziyo yakhe ingashayi kahle futhi nezinzwa zingasebenzi.

Indlela Yokuhlola Lesi Sifo Nokuselapha

Okwamanje ayikatholakali indlela yokuhlola i-CFP kubantu. Ukuze babone ukuthi isiguli sinalesi sifo, odokotela bathembela ezimpawini ezihlukahlukene, ezivame ukubonakala ngemva kwamahora ambalwa umuntu edlile futhi zingaqinisekiswa ngokuhlola inhlanzi esele ukuthi ayinabo yini ubuthi. (Bheka ibhokisi elisekhasini elilandelayo.) Uma usola ukuthi une-CFP, kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha. Nakuba lingekho ikhambi elaziwayo, imithi ingazidambisa izimpawu, ezivame ukuncipha ngemva kwezinsukwana. Nokho, i-CFP ingawuwohloza umzimba, futhi ukuyelapha ngokushesha kungavimbela imiphumela ehlala njalo.

Ukuthi izimpawu zalesi sifo ziyoba namandla kangakanani kuyahlukahluka, kuye ngezici eziningana. Lezi zici zihlanganisa ubuthi obusenhlanzini, ukuthi umuntu udle ziphi izingxenye zayo futhi kangakanani, izinga lama-ciguatoxin eselisemzimbeni womuntu kakade nokuthi leyo nhlanzi ivelaphi, ngoba kubonakala sengathi ubuthi buyahluka kancane kuye ngezindawo. Esikhundleni sokuba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi umzimba womuntu umelane nalobu buthi, ulimala kakhulu, okwenza kube ingozi kakhulu ukuthola lobu buthi ngokuphindaphindiwe! Ukuphuza utshwala nako kuzenza zibe zimbi nakakhulu izimpawu. Incwadi echaza lesi sifo esandile ithi ukuze ogulayo anqande lesi sifo singabuyi, kufanele agweme ukudla inhlanzi izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha ngemva kokungenwa i-CFP.

Ukugula okukhulu kungathatha amasonto noma izinyanga ngisho neminyaka ngezinye izikhathi, kube nezimpawu ezinjengezokutubeka komzimba okungamahlalakhona. Ezimweni ezingavamile, abantu bayafa ngenxa yokucindezeleka kwamasosha omzimba, ukulimala kwemigudu yokuphefumula noma ukumelwa inhliziyo, noma ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Nokho, lezi zimo ngokuvamile zibangelwa ukudla ingxenye yenhlanzi enobuthi kakhulu, njengekhanda noma izibilini zenhlanzi.

Impicabadala Esaqhubeka

Cishe zonke izinhlanzi ezitholakala ezixhotsheni zamakhorali, kanye nezinto ezidla lezi zinhlanzi, zingaba nobuthi bama-ciguatoxin. Kodwa yilokho kanye-ke okuyimpicabadala. Izinhlanzi ezivela endaweni ethile enezixhobo zamakhorali zingase zibe nobuthi obuyingozi kakhulu, kodwa uhlobo olufanayo olubanjwe eduze lungabi ingozi. Uhlobo lwenhlanzi olubangela lesi sifo njalo engxenyeni ethile yomhlaba lungase lubhekwe njengoluphephile kwenye ingxenye yomhlaba. Njengoba ama-dinoflagellate ekhipha ubuthi ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, akunakwaziwa ukuthi iyiphi ngempela inhlanzi enobuthi.

Okwenza le nkinga ibe yimbi nakakhulu ukuthi ayikatholakali indlela eshibhile nenokwethenjelwa yokuhlola ukuthi izinhlanzi zinabo yini ubuthi. Okuwukuphela kwento izikhulu zezempilo ezingayenza okwamanje ukutshela umphakathi ukuthi iziphi izinhlanzi okufanele uzigweme nokuthi zitholakalaphi—ukwaziswa okusekelwe kulokho okuye kwabonakala ezigulini eziye zayibika i-CFP. Izinhlanzi ezisolwa kakhulu zihlanganisa i-barracuda, i-bass ebomvu, i-grouper, i-kingfish, i-rockfish ne-snapper, kanye nombokwane. Izinhlanzi ezinkulu esezikhulile ngokuvamile ziyingozi kakhulu. Kwezinye izindawo umthetho uyakwenqabela ukudayisa izinhlanzi okungenzeka aziphephile. Nokho, izinhlanzi zasolwandle ezingazidli izinhlanzi zasezixhotsheni zamakhorali kanye nezinhlanzi ezitholakala emanzini athokomele ngokuvamile zibhekwa njengeziphephile.

Kubikezelwa ukuthi i-CFP iyoqhubeka yanda. Ngokwengxenye, lokhu kubangelwa ukuthi amakhorali afile ayindawo enhle kakhulu yokwanda kwama-dinoflagellate anobuthi, kanti imibiko ibonisa ukuthi inani elandayo lezixhobo zamakhorali liyagula noma liyafa.

Nakuba kunzima ukuyiqonda kahle i-CFP, unganciphisa ingozi ngokulandela izimiso ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo. (Bheka ibhokisi elingenhla.) U-Arebonto wacishe wafa ngenxa yokungazilandeli lezi ziqondiso. Wadla ikhanda nengxenye ethile ye-rockfish edotshwa kuleyo ndawo futhi okwaziwayo ukuthi iyingozi kakhulu. Wayeke wayidla le nhlanzi ngaphambili, kwangenzeka lutho, futhi njengabanye abantu abaningi abahlala kulezi ziqhingi, waqala ukuthatha izinto kalula.

Ingabe le ndaba engenhla isho ukuthi kufanele ugweme ukudla inhlanzi, mhlawumbe lapho useholidini ezindaweni ezishisayo? Cha. Inkambo ewukuhlakanipha ukuqaphela izixwayiso futhi uyikhethe ngokucophelela inhlanzi oyidlayo.

[Imibhalo yaphansi]

[Ibhokisi/Isithombe ekhasini 21]

Izimpawu Ezivamile

◼ Ukuhanjiswa isisu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukulunywa yisisu

◼ Ukugodola, ukujuluka, isiyezi, ubuhlungu bekhanda nokuluma komzimba

◼ Ukuba ndikindiki noma ukushoshozela emlonyeni, ezandleni noma ezinyaweni

◼ Ukudideka kwezinzwa—ukugodola lapho kushisa, noma ukuzwela ukushisa lapho kubanda

◼ Ubuhlungu emisipheni nasemalungeni kanye nalapho uchama

◼ Ukushayela phansi kwenhliziyo, umfutho ophansi wegazi, ukutubeka komzimba

[Ibhokisi/Isithombe ekhasini 21]

Nciphisa Ingozi

◼ Buza umnyango wezokudoba endaweni noma ochwepheshe bezokudoba ukuthi yiziphi izinhlanzi okufanele uzigweme nezindawo lapho kudotshwa khona izinhlanzi ezinobuthi.

◼ Ungazidli izinhlanzi ezivela ezindaweni okusanda kubikwa ukuthi zinesifo i-ciguatera.

◼ Gwema ukudla izinhlanzi ezindala nezinkulu ezidotshwe emanzini anezixhobo zamakhorali.

◼ Ungalidli ikhanda, isibindi, noma ezinye izitho zangaphakathi.

◼ Ngemva nje kokubamba inhlanzi ezixhotsheni zamakhorali, khipha zonke izibilini.

[Izithombe ekhasini 20, 21]

Izinhlanzi Ezisolwa Kakhulu

(AMAGAMA EZAZIWA NGAWO ANGASE AHLUKAHLUKE)

I-“snapper”

I-“grouper”

I-“barracuda”

I-“rockfish”

I-“kingfish”

Umbokwane

[Isithombe ekhasini 20]

I-“dinoflagellate,” umthombo walobu buthi

[Imithombo Yesithombe ekhasini 20]

All fish except eel: Illustrated by Diane Rome Peebles - Provided by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Division of Marine Fisheries Management; eel: Photo by John E. Randall; dinoflagellate: Image by D. Patterson and R. Andersen, provided courtesy of micro*scope (http://microscope.mbl.edu)

[Umthombo Wesithombe ekhasini 21]

Fish backgrounds: Illustrated by Diane Rome Peebles - Provided by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Division of Marine Fisheries Management