Ingabe Abantwana Baphephile Enjeni Yakho?

NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA! ENINGIZIMU AFRIKA

USYDNEY oneminyaka emibili ubudala wasondela eduze kwenja yohlobo lwe-Rottweiler enolaka eyayiboshiwe. Lenja yabamba uSydney, yamdwengula isikhumba ekhanda, futhi yacishe yamshumpula indlebe yangakwesobunxele. Kuyodingeka axhunyelelwe isikhumba kaningi.

Ngenxa yokuthi abantu abaningi basebenzisa izinja ukuze bazivikele, kunemibiko eyandayo yezinja ezihlasela abantwana. Ezinye izinja okwaziwa ukuthi ziluma abantwana ama-Rottweiler, ama-Doberman pinscher, ama-bullmastiff, ama-Alsatian (German shepherds) nama-bullterrier. Ukuhlola okwenziwa eNingizimu Afrika kwembula ukuthi phakathi kwezenzakalo ezahlolwa, abantwana abaningi babebanjwa izinja abazaziyo. Cishe ingxenye yalabo bantwana yayiyizisulu zezinja zomakhelwane, futhi ingxenye eyodwa kwezine yayilunywa izinja zasemakubo. Izinja eziyimizulane zazinengxenye engamaphesenti ayishumi kuphela kulokhu kuhlasela. Ngokuvamile isisulu, mhlawumbe singaqapheli, sasiye sayigcona inja ngandlela-thile. Ngokusobala, abantwana abaningi bangakugwema ukuhlaselwa yizinja uma abaninizo nabazali bethatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezithile eziyisisekelo.

Qeqesha Umntwana

Abaqeqeshi bezinja abaningi bagcizelela ukuthi abantwana abancane akufanele bashiywe bodwa nezinja bengagadiwe umuntu omdala. Abantwana abancane abazi ukuthi kufanele baziphathe kanjani izilwane. Kumelwe bafundiswe. Ngakho, abantu abaningi basebenzisa umthetho wokuthi uma kungeke kube khona umuntu omdala onokwethenjelwa, abantwana akufanele bahlale nezinja. Umqeqeshi wezinja uBrian Kilcommons uyaphawula encwadini ethi Childproofing Your Dog: “Ngokwalokho esikuzwayo, izinkinga eziningi zivela lapho kungekho muntu omdala.”

Ngokuvamile, izilwane kudingeka zivikelwe kubantwana! UKilcommons wacelwa ukuba azosiza lapho inja yomkhaya othile ibhozomela umntwana. Ubaba owayekhungathekile wachaza ukuthi indodana yakhe eneminyaka emibili nengxenye ubudala yaya kulenja eyayilele futhi yayikhahlela kabuhlungu. Lenja, ngokusobala izwa izinhlungu, yasabela ngokubhozomela lomntwana. Kulesi simo lenja yabonisa ukuzithiba okutusekayo ngokuthi ingamlumi lomntwana. Lomqeqeshi ululeka abazali: “Ungamvumeli umntanakho ukuba aphathe inja ngendlela obungenakuvuma ukuba omunye umntwana aphathwe ngayo.”

Fundisa umntanakho indlela yokuphatha izilwane ngomusa. Mfundise ukuthi angalokothi agcone inja. Abazali kudingeka baphaphamele noma yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona lapho abantwana bekanye nezinja. Uma uphawula ukuthi inja izama ukubalekela noma ukucashela umntwana, tshela umntwana ukuthi angayilandeli. Uma umntwana eyilandela futhi ayivalele ekhoneni, okuwukuphela kwendlela engazivikela ngayo ukukhonkotha, ukugwavuma, noma ngisho nokuluma. Abazali kufanele bayale ngaso sonke isikhathi, ukuze inja nomntwana bazi ukuthi umzali ukuqondile lokho akushoyo.

Ungayikhiphi inyumbazane inja. Lapho umbhangqwana oshadile ofuye inja uthola umntwana wawo wokuqala, ukuthambekela kungase kube ukungayinaki inja bese uyixoshela phandle. Nakuba kunengqondo ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha, umqeqeshi uRichard Stubbs uyeluleka: “Inja akufanele ikhishwe inyumbazane. Kunalokho, qhubekani nihlala nayo ngendlela evamile ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi niyinikeze ukunakekela okufanele.”

Cabangela indlela umntanakho ayosabela ngayo lapho ebona izinja angazazi. Lapho ebona umuntu angamazi ehamba nenja emgwaqweni, yini ayoyenza? Ingabe uyogijima ngokuphamazela ayophulula inja? Mfundise ukuba angakwenzi lokhu. Kumelwe aqale athole imvume kumniniyo. Khona-ke, uma umniniyo evuma, angasondela kancane kancane enjeni, ukuze angayethusi. Kufanele azethule ngokuma buqamamana futhi akhulume kahle nenja. Inja enobungane iyosondela kumntanakho. Izinja ezizihambelayo nje emgwaqweni kungcono zingaphazanyiswa.—Bheka ibhokisi elithi “Indlela Yenja Yokukhuluma Ngomzimba,” ekhasini 22.

Yiqeqeshe Inja

Ngaso sonke isikhathi yincome inja yakho futhi uyikhuthaze. Ukuyijezisa noma ukuyikhahla akuyenzi ukuba ifunde ngokushesha kodwa kunalokho kunomphumela ophambene. Kuhle ukuba inja ifunde ukuza lapho ibizwa nokuba ilalele imiyalo eyisisekelo enjengokuthi “hlala phansi!” Inja ifunda ukuthobela umniniyo, futhi lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuba umniniyo ayilawule ezimweni ezibucayi. Amazwi alula asebenza kangcono. Sebenzisa amazwi afanayo njalo. Lapho inja yakho yenza into oyifunayo, yinikeze umvuzo ngokushesha ngokuba uyincome, uyibhambathe, noma uyinikeze ucezwana lokuthile okudliwayo. Ukuze uthole umphumela onamandla ofiselekayo, umvuzo kumelwe ukhishwe ngokushesha ngemva kwesenzo. Isici esilandelayo esibalulekile ukusiphindaphinda leso senzo kuze kube yilapho sesigxilile.

Uma uba nenja, umdlwane noma inja esikhulile, ingase idinge usizo ukuze ijwayelane nabantwana. Abantwana basabela ngendlela ehlukile kunabantu abadala. Banomsindo kakhulu futhi bayaphamazela futhi bangase bayiphuthume inja, okungase kuyesabise. Kuhle ukuba inja yakho uyijwayelanise nokuziphatha okunjalo. Lapho abantwana bengekho, yijwayelanise nemisindo engalindelekile. Yenza isikhathi sokuyiqeqesha sibe umdlalo. Yilaye ngokuyimemeza, bese usondela kuyo. Khona-ke, yinikeze umvuzo ngokushesha. Yimemeze ngokuqhubekayo. Yincome inja yakho. Ngokushesha izowujabulela lomdlalo.

Abantwana abancane bayathanda ukugona izinja, kodwa kufanele bafundiswe ukuthi bangakwenzi lokhu, njengoba ezinye izinja ziba nomuzwa wokuthi ziyasongelwa lapho kusondelwa kakhulu kuzo. Uma kwenzeka abantwana begona inja yakho, ungayiqeqesha ukuba ikwamukele lokhu. Yigone isikhashana, bese uyinikeza ucezwana lokuthile okudliwayo bese uyincoma. Sandise kancane kancane isikhathi oyigona ngaso. Uma igwavuma, cela usizo kumqeqeshi onolwazi.

Inja Enolaka

Ezinye izinja zibonakala zinolaka ngokwemvelo futhi zingase zibe ingozi emalungwini omkhaya. Ngokuvamile izinja eziyizinduna ezibonisa izimpawu zokuba nolaka.

Inja enolaka ayikuthandi ukuthintwa, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni esheshe izwele kuzo njengasebusweni nasentanyeni. Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi inja ingase ize kuwe, ikuthintathinte, noma ngisho ibeke izidladla zayo emathangeni akho, “icela” ukuba uyinake. Ingase igade izindawo ezithile zasekhaya ezithandayo, ingavumeli ngisho namalungu omkhaya ukuba aye kuzo. Ngokuvamile iyazithanda izinto ezinjengamathoyizi futhi ingase igwavume noma iyeke ukuwadla lapho kuza othile ngesikhathi isematasa.

Ukuze ziqinise ukuhola kwazo, izinja ezinjalo ziyoyishaya indiva ngamabomu imiyalo eziyaziyo. Zingase zisunduze abantwana noma zilindele ukuba zingene kuqala emnyango. Zingase zithambekele nasekugibeleni abantu. UBrian Kilcommons uthi lokhu “kuyisenzo sokulawula” futhi “akuhlobene nobulili.” Uxwayisa ngokuthi lokhu “njalo kuwuphawu lokuthi inja icabanga ukuthi iyalawula. Ngokuqinisekile inkinga isuke isisondela.” Inja ingase futhi ibe nomkhuba wokufaka isandla somniniyo emlonyeni ifune ukunakwa ngenkani.

Lezi zimpawu zokuba nolaka akufanele zishaywe indiva. Ukuba nolaka akunakumane kuziphelele; ngokunokwenzeka kuzokwanda, futhi abantwana ekhaya bangase babe sengozini. Abaqeqeshi abaningi batusa ukuba inja enjalo ithenwe, kungakhathaliseki ubulili bayo, njengoba ngokuvamile lokhu kusiza ekunciphiseni ulaka.

Akutuseki ukugcona inja enolaka ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ubani umakhonya. Eqinisweni, ukubhekana nenja enolaka nokuyijezisa kabuhlungu kungase kube ingozi. Ngezindlela ezicashile, inja ingase iboniswe ukuthi ubani umakhonya.

Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho inja enolaka iza kuwe ifuna uyinake bese wenza kanjalo, uqinisa inkolelo yayo yokuthi ingumakhonya. Ngakho lapho inja enjalo ifuna ukuba uyinake ngenkani, ungayigqizi qakala. Wonke umkhaya kufanele ubambisane ekuyiphatheni ngalendlela. Inja ingase ikhungatheke ekuqaleni futhi ikhonkothe ngisho nokukhonkotha noma ikubheke ngokudabuka, kodwa melana nesilingo sokuyivumela. Lapho isihambile futhi mhlawumbe isilele endaweni yayo, khona-ke kulapho ungayinaka okwesikhashana khona. Ngalendlela inja yakho iyafunda ukuthi nguwe umholi futhi nguwe onqumayo ukuthi kufanele inakwe nini.

Imidlalo yokudonsisana nokuzwana amandla ngobudlova nenja ingaqinisa ukuthambekela kwenja kokuthi iyabusa futhi kufanele igwenywe. Kunalokho, dlalani imidlalo engenabudlova.

Kungcono ukuba inja ingalali ekamelweni lokulala. Ikamelo lokulala liyindawo ekhethekile, futhi ukulala lapho kungase kwenze inja icabange ukuthi iphakeme kunabantwana ekhaya. Kunalokho, inja mayilale ekhishini noma ngaphandle. Ngokuvamile abanikazi bezinja balunywa yinja enolaka okokuqala lapho besemakamelweni abo.

Uma inja yakho ingasabeli emizamweni yakho, noma uma lapho usayiqeqesha, noma nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, uzizwa usongeleka, cela usizo lomqeqeshi wezinja ofanelekayo. Udokotela wakho wezilwane angase akwazi ukutusa othile. Khuluma nomqeqeshi kuqala ngezindlela aqeqesha ngazo, bese uqiniseka ukuthi uyaneliswa amakhono akhe ngaphambi kokuba umqashe. Umqeqeshi uRichard Stubbs uyaxwayisa: “Nakuba inja enolaka ingase isabele kumqeqeshi onguchwepheshe, lokhu akusona isiqinisekiso sokuthi nakumniniyo iyokwenza kanjalo.” Umnikazi wenja kumelwe aqiniseke ukuthi angayilawula inja yakhe ezimweni ezibucayi.

Izinja ezimbalwa ziyohlala zinolaka ngisho nangemva kokuqeqeshwa kahle, futhi ukuzigcina kufaka umkhaya engozini. Ngemva kokuba sewuzame ngokusemandleni akho, ungase ube nomuzwa wokuthi kungcono uyihambise inja yakho kunokuba uzifake engozini yokulimala. Kungcono ukuba uthintane nodokotela wezilwane noma umqeqeshi ukuze uthole iseluleko. Ungase ukwazi ukutholela inja yakho elinye ikhaya, kodwa unesibopho sokutshela umnikazi omusha ngezinkinga oye waba nazo ngenja yakho.

Umqeqeshi uPeter Neville uyeluleka: “Izinja ezinolaka kumelwe zibhekwe ngeso elibukhali kakhulu futhi kubhekisiswe ukuthi ubani ozoqhubeka esengozini futhi kangakanani. Uma kungenakuqinisekiswa ukuthi uphephile umuntu wasekhaya osengozini kakhulu, khona-ke kungcono ukuba inja itholelwe elinye ikhaya kumnikazi omusha okhethwe ngokucophelela, noma ibulawe.”

Abantwana bangafunda futhi bazuze ngokomzwelo ngokuba khona kwezinja ezifuyiwe. Ngokugada ngokunakekela, abazali baqinisekisa ukuthi konke abantwana abakukhumbulayo ngezilwane ezifuyiwe kungokujabulisayo.

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 22]

Indlela Yenja Yokukhuluma Ngomzimba

Ukuziphatha kwenja enolaka kwembula izinjongo ezingenabo ubungane. Ngokufundisa umntanakho ukuthi ayiqaphele lendlela yenja yokukhuluma ngomzimba, ungamsiza ukuba agweme izimo eziyingozi.

● Inja enolaka iyozama ukubonakala inkulu. Ingase ivuse umhlwenga. Lenja ingase igwavume noma ikhonkothe imise umsila. Uma itshikizisa umsila ngokuqholosha futhi ngokushesha, ayibonisi ubungane. Lenja kufanele ingaphazanyiswa.

● Inja eyigwala ingase igebise inhloko namadlebe futhi ifake umsila phakathi kwemilenze yayo. Uma kusondelwa kuyo, lenja ingase ibe nolaka ngenxa yokwesaba. Ungayiphazamisi.

● Inja ekhululekile iphakamisa inhloko hhayi kakhulu futhi ayiyigebisi kakhulu, ivula umlomo, futhi yehlise umsila nje kancane kodwa ungalengi. Umsila otshikizayo uwuphawu lobungane. Ngokuvamile akuyona ingozi ukwakha ubungane nayo.

(Ivunyelaniswe nencwadi ethi Childproofing Your Dog, kaBrian Kilcommons noSarah Wilson.)

[Ibhokisi/Izithombe ekhasini 23]

Ukuphepha Kwenja

1. Gada abantwana abancane nezinja.

2. Fundisa umntanakho ukuba angalokothi agcone inja.

3. Cela imvume kumniniyo ngaphambi kokuba uphulule inja ongayazi.

4. Qeqesha inja yakho ukuba ilalele imiyalo eyisisekelo.

5. Jwayelanisa inja yakho nokugonwa.

6. Gwema imidlalo enobudlova.